kimkat3582. Geiriadur Saesneg a Chymraeg (Gwenhwyseg). A Dictionary of English and Welsh (Gwentian dialect – the south-eastern dialect of Wales).

02-02-2021

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..	Gwefan Cymru-Catalonia La Web de Catalunya i Gal·les Geiriadur Cymraeg (Gwenhwyseg) - Saesneg Welsh - English (Gwentian dialect) Dictionary S

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(delwedd 5781f)
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(delwedd J6256b)

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http://www.kimkat.org/amryw/1_gwenhwyseg/gwenhwyseg_cyfeirddalen_0934k.htm Y Wenhwyseg - y prif dudalen
http://www.kimkat.org/amryw/1_gwenhwyseg/gwenhwyseg_cyfeirddalen_2184c.htm El dialecte güentià del gal·lès - la pàgina prinicipal
http://www.kimkat.org/amryw/1_gwenhwyseg/gwenhwyseg_cyfeirddalen_1004e.htm Gwentian dialect of Welsh – the main page

’s [s] (conj) reduction of òs, ÿs (= if)
s galla-nw if they can

’s [s] (verb) reduction of nìd oes / does / do’s
sfawr o... there are not many...
(also spelt ’sfowr)

’sneb there’s nobody...

’sdim there isn’t any...

’sà [ˡsa] (v) 1/ reduction of tysa = if it were (= pe buasai [pe: bɪˡasaɪ]); 2/ reduction of bysa = if would be

(= buasai [bɪˡasaɪ]);

’sà ’ynny’n bosib if that were possible

sac [sak] (nm) sack = dismissal (= sac [sak])

cɛl y sac get the sack, be sacked, be dismissed (from a job)

roi’r sac i (rwun) give the sack to, dismiss (someone) from a job, sack (someone) from a job

saco [ˡsakɔ] (v) 1/ thrust, shove (= gwthio [ˡgʊθjɔ]) 2/ sack = dismiss (from a job) (= diswyddo [dɪˡsʊɪðɔ])

English TO SACK (SAC) + (-IO verbal suffix) > SACIO > SACO

sàch [sax] (conj) although (= er [ɛr]) See serch

saff [sa:f] (adj) See sɛff [sɛ:f]

Sais [saɪs] (nm) 1/ Englishman 2/ Welshman who speaks English, English-speaker (= Sais [saɪs])
Seison [ˡsəɪsɔn] (pl) (= Saeson [ˡsəɪsɔn])

Dyw a fawr o Sais he doesn’t speak much English (‘he’s not much of an English-speaker’)

sand [sand] (nm) sand (= tywod [ˡtəwɔd]).

Also swnd.

twmpyn sand a mound of sand

From English SAND.

SWND: In England, in certain words -an- > -on-. This occurs in western (especially midland) England (e.g. man / mon, bank / bonk, etc).

And in Welsh o > w in certain words from English e.g. FORD > ffordd/ffwrdd).

Thus SAND > SOND > Welsh SOND > SWND.

sa’r [sa:r] > sɛr [sɛ:r]

sarfo [ˡsarvɔ] (verb) serve (= gweini [ˡgwəɪnɪ])

sarfa di itha reit (in GPC under serfio). Monmouthshire. It serves you right.

From English SARVE [sarv], an ‘[ar]’ variant of SERVE [sɛrv], nowadays [sɜːv]

sarjant [ˡsarʤant] (nm) sergeant (= rhingyll [ˡhriŋɪɬ])

sarjants [ˡsarʤants] (pl) (nm) sergeant (= rhingylliaid [hriˡŋɪɬjaɪd])

Sasnag [ˡsasnag] (nf) English (= Saesneg [ˡsəɪsnɛg]). See Seisnag

sa’th [sa:θ] > sɛth [sɛ:θ]

sawdwl [ˡsaʊdʊl] (nf) heel (= sawdl [ˡsaʊdʊl] (nm))
sotla [ˡsɔtla] (pl) heels (= sodlau [ˡsɔdlaɪ])

sbɛr [ˡsbɛ:r] (adj) spare (= sbàr [sba:r])

pè bysa gen i amsar yn sbɛr if I had time to spare

sbarcyn [ˡsbarkɪn] (nm) lad, fellow (= bachgen [ˡbaxgɛn] (nm))

sbeco [ˡsbe·kɔ] (v) order (goods from a shop) (= archebu [arˡxe·bɪ])

o’dd à weti sbeco rwm i fi yn y Pymp Hows yn Llandrindod he’d booked a room for me in the Pump House in Llandrindod

From an earlier pronunciation of English SPEAK [spe:k], now [spi:k]; cf Middle English SPĒKEN FOR (= ask for)

(Other forms and spellings: speco, spêco, sbeco, sbêco)

sbeito [ˡsəɪnɔ] (vt) spite, be spiteful to (= bod yn faleisus wrth [bo:d ən vaˡləɪsɪs ])

o’dd à weti sbeco rwm i fi yn y Pymp Hows yn Llandrindod he’d booked a room for me in the Pump House in Llandrindod

sbel [sbɛl] (nf) spell, short period of time (= ysbaid [ˡəsbaɪd], sbel [sbɛl])
am sbel fɛch for a short while
From English SPELL

sbèlo [ˡsbɛlɔ] (v) spell (= sillafu [srˡ ɬa·vɪ])

From English SPELL

(Other spellings: sbelo, spelo)

sbio [ˡsbi·ɔ] (v) look (= edrych [ˡɛdrɪx])

From an earlier pronunciation of English SPY [spi:], now [spai].

sbîtsh [sbi:ʧ] (v) speech (= araith [ˡa·raɪθ])

sbîtshiz [ˡsbi:ʧɪz] (= areithiau [aˡrəɪθjaɪ, aˡrəɪθjɛ])

sbo [sbo:] (sentence substitute) I suppose (= mae’n debyg gennyf [xxx])
Also: sbo gin i..., ysbō

Reduction of SBŌSO (= [I] suppose), from the English verb S’POSE, i.e. SUPPOSE

(Other spellings: sbo, sbô, spo, spô)

sboniad [ˡsbɔnjad] (v) explanation (= esboniad [ˡɛsbɔnjad])

Plural: sboniata [sbɔnˡja·ta] (= esboniadau [ɛsbɔnˡja·daɪ, ɛsbɔnˡja·dɛ])

sbonio [ˡsbɔnjɔ] (v) explain (= esbonio [ˡɛsbɔnjɔ])

sbràg [sbrag] (eg) (1) sprag = block of wood put through the spokes of a wheel of a coal tub to brake it; (2) sprag = pit prop (= sbrag [sbrag])
sbràgz, sbràca# [sbragz, ˡsbraka] (pl) sprags (= sbragiau [ˡsbragjaɪ])

(Other forms and spellings: sbrag, sprag, sprags, sbrags)

sbrìcan [ˡsbrɪkan] (nf) nail (= hoelen [ˡhoilɛn]) (the vowel is short) (from dialect English SPRIG = nail)
sbrìgz [ˡsbrɪgz] (= hoelion [ˡhoiljɔn])

secrat [ˡsɛkrat] (nm) secret (= cyfrinach [kəvˡri·nach])
secrats [ˡsɛkrats] (pl) secrets (= cyfrinachau [kəvrɪˡna·chaɪ])
gwpod y secrat to know the secret
From English SECRET

sdim [sdɪm] (v) there is not (= nìd oes dim [nɪd ɔɪs ˡdɪm])
NOTE: (1) The first syllable, which is unstressed, drops away in colloquial Welsh > does dim. Since in the South oes > ōs – that is, the diphthong [oi] in a monosyllable generally becomes a long vowel [o:] – we have dōs dim.
(2) There can be a further reduction with the loss of the second syllable, also unstressed. 
do’s dim > o’s dim > sdim
sdim isha i ti lefan felna, bachan! (nid oes [dim] eisiau iti lefain fel yna, bachan!)
there’s no need for you to cry like that, my lad!
Also s’im [sɪm]

(Other spellings: stim, sim)

sɛff [sɛ:f] (adj) 1/ safe (= diogel [dɪˡo·gɛl]); 2/ certain, sure (= sicr [ˡsɪkɪr]) 3/ ?certain of one’s facts

yn sɛf i ti take it from me; there’s no doubt about it at all (‘certainly to you’)

sɛf! (after an assertion) there can be no doubt about it
fel óstritshiz yn cwato i penna a chretu u bod nw’n sɛff. (from Y Twll Cloi, Glynfab, 1919. Page 39.: fel ostriches yn cwatto'u penna, a chretu i bod nẁ’n sâff.)

saff [sa:f] (adj) 1/ safe; 2/ certain, sure. See sɛff [sɛ:f]

sefyll [ˡsevɪɬ] (v) stand (= sefyll [ˡsevɪɬ])

sefyll ÿch tir stand your ground, refuse to yield, refuse to budge

segura [sɛˡgi·ra] (v) loaf around, idle, hang about (= sefyllian [sɛˡvəɬjan], segura [sɛˡgi·ra])

(SEGUR = idle, unoocupies) + (-A verbal suffix) > SEGURA

seino [ˡsəɪnɔ] (v) to sign (= arwyddo [ˡarwi·ðɔ])

Also: s’ino [ˡsi·nɔ]

selffish [ˡsɛlfɪʃ] (adj) selfish (= hunanol [hɪˡna·nɔɬ])

sentans [ˡsɛntans] (nf) sentence (= decision by a judge) (= dedfryd [ˡdɛdvrɪd] (nf))

paso sentans ar ddyn i gɛl i groci sentence a man to be hanged (‘pass (a) sentence on (a) man to get his hanging’)
From English SENTENCE

sɛr [sɛ:r] (nm) carpenter (= saer [saɪr]).

Plural seiri, s’iri [ˡsəɪrɪ, ˡsi:rɪ] (= seiri [ˡsəɪrɪ])

serch (conj) although (= er [ɛr])

Also sàch [sax], shàch [ʃax]

Sèth [sɛθ] (nm) male name (= Seth [sɛθ])

sɛth [sɛ:θ] (nf) arrow (= saeth [saɪθ])
seutha [ˡsəɪθa] (pl) (= saethau [ˡsəɪθaɪ])
Also s’utha [ˡsi·θa]

sɛth yr ’oul Saeth yr Haul - Sunbeams, also reflection from a bright surface. Cardiff Times. 3 Hydref / October1908. Uncommon Words and Expressions, Peculiar to Glamorgan. Cadrawd.

NOTES: 
(1) In the South ae [ai] > ā [a:] in monosyllables. 
(2) In the south-east ā [a:] > ɛ [ɛ:]. 

sɛth [sɛ:θ] (nf) arrow (= saeth [saɪθ])
seutha [ˡsəɪθa] (pl) (= saethau [ˡsəɪθaɪ])

sɛtlo [ˡsɛtlɔ] (vt) settle (a matter) (= datrys [ˡdatrɪs])
dyna (h)ynna wedi i setlo that’s settled then (= dyna ben ar y mater)

Seusnag [ˡsəɪsnag] 1/ (nf) English (= the English language) 2/ (adj) English (relating to the language) (= Saesneg [ˡsəɪsnɛg])

Also:

1/ S’usnag [ˡsɪsnag],

2/ Sysnag [ˡsəsnag],

3/ Sasnag [ˡsasnag]

wilia S’usnag speak English

Cewch chi ’wilia faint a fynnoch o’r ’en S’usnag ’na mɛs ar yr ’ewl, ond rwng y ddou ddrws ’ma do’s dim i fo’d ond yr ’en Gymrɛg (adapted from Y Darian 17 Mai 1917)

You can speak as much as you want of that bloody (‘that old’) English out on the street, but between these two doors (i.e. in this house, between the back door and the front door) there’s to be only the dear (‘the old’) Welsh language

Seusnas [ˡsəɪsnas] (nf) Englishwoman (= Saesnes [ˡsəɪsnɛs])
Seusnesa [səɪˡsnɛsa] (pl) (= Seisnesau [səɪˡsnɛsaɪ])

Also: S’usnas [ˡsɪsnas], #S’usnesa [sɪˡsnɛsa]

seutha [ˡsəɪθa] (pl) (= arrows). See sɛth (= arrow)

sgaldanu [sgaldānɪ] (v) scald (= sgaldio [ˡsgaldjɔ])
English SCALD in its older pronunciation [skald], now [sko:ld]

sgant [ˡsgant] (adj) scarce (= prìn [prɪn])

bod sgant yn... scarcely, hardly (+ verb)

o’n i sgant yn i napod i I scarcely recognised her
ma arian yn sgant money’s scant

From English SCANT

sgêm [sge:m] (nf) scheme, plan (= cynllun [ˡkənɪn])
#sgêma, sgêmz [ske·ma, sge:mz] (pl) (= cynlluniau [əsgɪˡbɔrjaɪ])

sgentan [ˡsgɛntan] (v) spy, pry (= busnesa [ˡbɪsnɛsa])

sgentan bothti lle look around a place (and be up to no good), scout around a place, eye up a place, case a place, prowl around
Origin unknown

The word appears in the Cyneirlyfr by Edward Williams to define ‘Chwiwbigo’ and ‘Chwiwian’

(delwedd 5923)

Chwiwbigo, b. w. ysgenta neu ladrata

Chwiwan, b. w. ysgentan, rhodresa neu wylltio, neu grwydro am ladrad

Cyneirlyfr: neu, Eiriadur Cymraeg. Edward Williams (Bardd Glas Morganwg.) 1826

Chwiwbigo, b. w. prowl around or steal

Chwiwan, b. w. prowl around, flaunt or get angry, or wander around in order to steal

Cyneirlyfr (= etymological dictionary): neu, Eiriadur Cymraeg (= or a Welsh Dictionary). Edward Williams (Bardd Glas Morganwg.) (= the blue / blue-robed? / young? bard of Glamorgan) 1826

sgìli [ˡsgɪlɪ] (nm) skilly = bread and water (= sgili [ˡsgɪlɪ])

sgitsha [ˡsgɪʧa] (pl) (= shoes). See esgid (= shoe)
shop sgitsha shoe shop

A schematic explanation of the plural form (though this is not necessarily the precise evolution of the word): ESGIDIAU [ɛˡsgɪdjaɪ] > ESGIDIE [ɛˡsgɪdjɛ] (> YSGIDIE [əˡsgɪdjɛ]) > SGIDIE [ˡsgɪdjɛ] > SGIDJE [ˡsgɪʤɛ] > SGITSHE [ˡsgɪʧɛ] (> Gwentian SGITSHA [ˡsgɪʧa]). Bangor (WVBD Fines-Clinton) notes SGIDJA [ˡsgɪʤa].

NOTES: (1) The loss of a first syllable is a common phenomenon in spoken Welsh. Here, the e- drops away esgidiau > sgidiau.

(2) In the south an [y-] at the beginning of the final syllable drops away, and the plural suffix -iau becomes -e, and in the south east –a.
However, this is not exactly the case here - the -i is present, and causes the palatalisation of the preceding -d, so we have (d+y) > (j), with devoicing > (ch)

The only other word showing this development is cydio [yn rhywbeth] (= get hold [of something]) which becomes citsho [yn rwpath]

(delwedd 5906)

Y Gwladgarwr. SADWRN, HYDREF 15, 1859. EISIAU, TRI CHRYDD, yn gallu gweithio ysgydiau menywod, ysgydiau cryfion, a chosacks. Cant pris [sic; = bris] da am eu gwaith. Bydd

yn ofynol iddynt fod yn ddynion sobr. Ymofynir a Mr. David Morgan, Boot & Shoe Maker,

Cardiff-street, Aberdare.

Y Gwladgarwr (= the patriot). Saturday, October 15, 1859. Wanted. Three shoemakers able to make women's shoes, stout shoes and cossacks. They will be paid well (‘will have a good price’) for their work. It will be required of them to be sober men. Enquiries to Mr. David Morgan, Boot & Shoe Maker, Cardiff Street, Aberdare.

(Other forms and spellings: skitsha, scitsha, scitshia, scitcha, Dimetian sgidshe)

#sgrecan [ˡsgre·kan] (v) strangle, wring the neck of (e.g. a hen) (= llindagu [ɬɪnˡda·gɪ])
From English dialect TO SCRAG = throttle, strangle. (Ffynhonnell: GPC. sgregan, sgrego)
Also? #sgreco [ˡsgre·kɔ]

sgupor [ˡsgi·pɔr] (nm) barn (= ysgubor [ˡsgi·bɔr])
sguboria [skɪˡpo·rja] (pl) (= ysguboriau [əsgɪˡbɔrjaɪ])
Also sgypor [ˡsgəpɔr]

#Sgupor-wen [ˡsgi·pɔr ˡwɛn] (probable local form of the name; subject to confirmation; the short name for the house would seem to suggest it). House name, Aber-dâr.

In 1850 the Ysgubor-wen coal level at Aber-dâr was opened by Samuel Thomas. He built Ysguborwen House between 1852 and 1885, and here his son David Alfred Thomas (later Viscount Rhondda) was born in 1856. In 1976 it became a short-lived hotel; today it is a nursing home.

Locally known in English as ‘the Skip’.

sguthan [ˡsgi·θan] (nf)

1/ (old meaning) stock dove (Columba oenas) (= ysguthan [əˡsgi·θan])

2/ (modern meaning) wood pigeon (Columba palumbus) (= ysguthan [əˡsgi·θan])

3/ unpleasant woman (= ysguthan [əˡsgi·θan])
sguthanod [ˡsgɪθa·nɔd] (pl) (= ysguthanod [əˡsgɪθa·nɔd])
Also: sgythan [ˡsgəθan]

sgwâr [sgwa:r]. See sgwɛr [sgwɛ:r]

sgwɛr [sgwɛ:r] (nf) square (= street) (= sgwâr [sgwa:r])
From English SQUARE [skwa:r], nowadays [skweə]

sgyrfennu [skərˡvɛnɪ] write (= ysgrifennu [əsˡkrəvɛnɪ]

sh
1/ corresponds to si- [ʃ] in standard Welsh spelling: shop (standard siop, English: shop), Shɛn (= Siân; English: Jane)

2/ corresponds to s [s] in standard Welsh, before or after i [i, i:] mish (= mis; English: month), disgwyl > dishgwl (= see)

3/ sometimes with y

anishtwth

bripshyn

4/ sometimes with u

dy Shil (dy Shul)

5/ sometimes there is no apparent cause for the palatalisation of [s]

Llansawel > Llanshawal,

masgl > mashgal

shà [ʃa:] (prep) towards (= tua [ˡti·a]; the dialect word spelt in standard orthography appears as sia [ʃa] in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru / University of Wales Dictionary [of Welsh])
mynd sha thre to go home

shàch [ʃax] (conj) although (= er [ɛr]) See serch

shàfo [ˡʃavɔ] (v) shave (= eillio [ˡəɪɬjɔ])
From English SHAVE [ˡʃa:v], now [ˡʃeiv]

shàg at [ʃag ˡat] (prep) towards (= tuag at [ˡti·ag ˡat])
cer’ad shàg ato ni to walk towards us

shain [ʃaɪn] (nf) chain. See tshain.

shampan [ˡʃampan] sham, feign, pretend (= smalio [ˡsmaljɔ], ffugio [ˡfɪgjɔ])

Mae'r berdoneg, yr hon a fu mewn bri mawr am flynyddau, wedi rhydu yn ein tai, a'r merched na wnai ddim ond shampan y rhai hyny wedi mounto'r bike," a byddant yn gyru heibio i chwi ar yr heol fel fflachiad mellten..... 26-09-1899 Barry Herald.

The piano, which was greatly revered (“been in great prominence”) for years, has rusted in our houses, and the women who would only feign (playing) them have got on bikes (“mounted the bike”), and will ride past you on the road like a flash of lightning ...

shampl [ˡʃampəl] example (= enghraifft [ˡɛŋhraɪft])

Dyna shampl neis i’ch plant, ond taw a nawr? That’s a nice example for your children, isn’t it now? (sarcastic comment)

Shân [ʃa:n] > Shɛn [ʃɛ:n]

Shanco [ˡʃaŋkɔ] (nm) fond form of the name Shencyn (= Siencyn [ˡʃɛŋkɪn]

The real name of Lewsyn yr Haliwr was Lewsyn Shanco Lewis (b. 1794, Blaencadlan, Penderyn, Sir Frycheiniog / Breconshire; d. apparently 1847, Macleay River, Australia) (= ‘Lewis the Haulier’) (erroneously and inexplicably cited in later accounts as ‘Lewsyn yr Heliwr’ = the hunter).
His father’s English name was Jenkin Lewis.

In earlier Welsh this would have been Lewsyn ab Shanco ab Lewis (Lewis son of Jenkin son of Lewis).

An account by a contemporary in Tarian y Gweithiwr 28-05-1875 calls him ‘Lewsyn yr Haliwr’. (We might expect ‘Lewsyn ’r Aliar’ as a Gwentian spoken form, but there is no record of this)

SHANCO, diminutive form of SHENCYN. SHANC- (taken as being the root form, as an “E” is usually the result of vowel affection cause by the following “Y”: TRAMP, TREMPYN, etc + -O, diminutive suffix.

shapo [ˡʃapɔ] (v) shape (= llunio [ˡɬɪnjɔ])

sharo [ˡʃa·rɔ] (v) share (= rhannu [ˡhranɪ])

sharo popath sy gento share everything he has

sharp [ʃarp] (adj) sharp (= siarp [ʃarp])
From English SHARP

shars [ʃars] (eb) charge = duty to be performed (= gorchwyl [ˡgɔrxuil])
sharsa [ˡʃarsa] (pl) (= gorchwylion [gɔrˡxuɪljɔn])

sharsan [ˡʃarsan] (eb) blow, impact (= ergyd [ˡɛrgɪd])
sharsa [ˡʃarsa] (pl) (= ergydion [ɛrˡgɪdjɔn])
(Welsh SIARS) + (-EN diminutive suffix) > SIARSEN > (Gwentian SHARSAN)

sharso [ˡʃarsɔ] (v) tell = command, instruct (= gorchymyn [gorˡxəmɪn])
yn [= fy] sharso fi i fynd i’r shop to tell me to go to the shop

mā fa wēdi'n sharso i na weda i ddim gair wrth neb he’s told me not to say a word to anybody
From the noun shars (= charge) < English CHARGE

shaw [ʃaʊ] (nf) 1/ a great many 2/ very many people, crowds (= llawer [ˡɬaʊɛr])

shaw o ’en gofion a lot of old memories

From English show, via a variant of the word; cf English mow [mou], which has a dialect or archaic pronunciation [mau].

shawns [ʃaʊns] (nf) chance (= siawns [ʃaʊns])

shei [ʃəɪ] (adj) shy (= swìl [swɪl])

From English SHY [ʃaɪ]

shein [ʃəɪn] (nm) shine (= disgleirdeb [dɪsˡgləɪrdɛb])

o’s fawr o shein ar y sgitsha ’na ’da ti those shoes of yours aren’t very shiny

From English SHINE

Shemsyn [ˡʃɛmsɪn] (nm) fond form of Shâms; Jim, Jimmy / Jimmie (= Iago [rˡa·gɔ])

Shɛn [ʃɛ:n] (nf) Jane (= Siân [ʃa:n])

Shenad [ˡʃe·nad] (nf) Jennet, Janet (= Sioned [ˡʃo·nɛd]). From English JANET, proablbly hearing southern English “a” as if an “e”

shengyd [ˡʃɛŋɪd] (vt) trample (= sathru [ˡsaθrɪ]). Origin unknown.

Verb SENGI with alternative verb-suffix -YD.

shifft [ʃɪft] (nf) shift (= twrn [tʊrn], stem [stɛm], sifft [ʃɪft])
shifft ddydd day shift
shifft ddwetydd afternoon shift
shifft nos night shift

shiglo [ˡʃɪglɔ] (v) shake (= siglo [ˡsɪglɔ])
shiglo llaw â shake hands with

shilcotsyn [ʃɪlˡkɔtsɪn] (nm) minnow (= silgotyn [ʃɪlˡgɔtɪn])
shilcots [ˡʃɪlkɔts] (pl) (= silcod [ˡsɪlkɔd])

shimpil [ˡʃɪmpɪl] (adj) foolish, idiotic. stupid (= ffôl [fo:l])

shimplo [ˡʃɪmplɔ] (v) belittle, speak slightingly of (= bychanu [bəˡxa·nɪ])
NOTE: Not in use in standard Welsh;. The standard form would be simplio, and is thus found in dictionaries (as in GPC - Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru)
See kimkat0928k / Ni’n Doi / page 57 

shincyn [ˡʃɪŋkɪn] (nm) ‘shincyn’; bread or toast in a bowl onto which hot water ot tea is poured, and to which butter is then added, and sugar or salt or pepper or nutmeg. (= shincyn [ˡʃɪŋkɪn])

Also: siencyn [ˡʃɛŋkɪn], and in west Glamorgan shincyn esmwth [ˡʃɪŋkɪn ˡɛsmʊθ])

From the personal name SIENCYN < English JENKIN.

c.1500 SIENCYN [ˡsjɛŋkɪn] > SIINCYN [ˡsjɪŋkɪn] > SHINCYN [ˡʃɪŋkɪn].

shir [ʃi:r] (nf) county (= sir [si:r])
Plural: shiro’dd [ˡʃi·rɔð] (= siroedd [ˡsi·rɔɪð])

From English SHIRE [ʃi:r], first as [si:r] (since [ʃ] was unfamilar to Welsh speakers), and later with [s] > [ʃ] in later Welsh in the South, as the voiceless postalveolar fricative began to occur for “s” before or after “i”

yn y shir i gyd in all the county(= yn y sir i gyd)

Shir Bembro [ʃi:r ˡbɛmbrɔ] (nf) the county of Penfro, Pembrokeshire (= Sir Benfro [ʃi:r ˡbɛnvrɔ])
Also: Shir Bemro [ʃi:r ˡbɛmrɔ]

(delwedd 5966)

Y Gwladgarwr / 12 Gorffennaf 1862

BRYNTROEDGAM, GER CWMAFON.—Damwain angeuol. — Boreu dydd Mawrth diweddaf, am 8 o'r gloch,

dygwyddodd damwain alarus yn ngwaith Drysiog, trwy i ddarn o dir gwympo ar ddyn ieuanc o'r enw David Jones, 19 oed, mab i Thomas Jones, a adnabyddir wrth yr enw ‘Twm sir Bemro,' a' i ladd yn y man. Dymunir hysbysu fod ei dad wedi myned oddi yma nos Lun diweddaf, ac nis gwyddom i ba le; ond yr ydym wedi clywed ei helynt, ei fod wedi myned tua chymydogaeth Aberdar. Dymunir ar y rhai ag sydd yn ei adnabod i ddweyd wrtho mor gynted ag gwelont ef, o herwydd nid oes un perthynas arall iddo yma. Afanwyson.

The Gwladgarwr (= the patriot) / July 12, 1862

BRYNTROEDGAM, NEAR CWMAFON.- A fatal accident. - Last Tuesday morning, at 8 o'clock, a terrible accident occurred in the Drysiog pit, from a piece of clay falling onto a young man named David Jones, 19 yeras old, and the son of Thomas Jones, known by the name 'Twm sir Bemro,' (= Tom from Sir Benfro / Pembrokeshire) and he was killed on the spot. We wish to inform that his father went from here last Monday, and we do not know where; but we have heard the way he went (‘heard his way / course’), that he has gone towards the vicinity of Aber-dâr. We wish those who know him tell him as soon as they see him, because he has no other relation here. Afanwyson. (= ‘one of the people of Afan’).

Shir Frych’inog [ʃi:r vrəˡxi·nɔg] (nf) the county of Brecon, Breconshire (= Sir Frycheiniog [ʃi:r vrəˡxəɪnjɔg])
Also Shīr Frycheinog [ʃi:r vrəˡxəɪnɔg]

Shir Gɛr [ʃi:r ˡgɛ:r] (nf) the county of Caerfyrddin, Carmarthenshire (= Sir Gaer [ʃi:r ˡga:r], short form of Sir Gaerfyrddin [ʃi:r gaɪrˡvərðɪn])

Shirowi [ʃɪˡrɔwɪ] (nf) river name and name of a district of Tredegar (Gwentian: Tredecar) (= Sirhywi [sɪrˡhəwɪ])

(delwedd 5947)

Y Celt. 15 Ionawr 1905. Rhif 1218. Cyf. XXIII.
YN YR UNDEB IN TREDEGÅR. GAN J. D. J.

Cododd y llanw yn uchel iawn dydd Iau yn yr holl gyleh. Ni chawsom ond dau gyfarfod — Elfed a'r Cenadon, - a tra byw ar y ddaear bydd y cyfarfodydd hyn yn aros yn gysegredig gan ein calon. Clywsom fod y cyfarfod nos Iau yn Shirowi wedi troi yn Bentecost, ac fod y dyrfa wedi tori allan i ganu a gweddio mewn mwy nag un addoldy yn y Cwm. O fendigedig Undeb! Bydded y dylanwad yn fendith i filoedd o ddynion, yn ogoniant i Dduw.

Y Celt (= the Celk). 15 January 1905. Number 1218. Volume XXIII.
IN THE UNION IN TREDEGAR. BY J. D. J.

The tide rose very high on Thursday in all the area. We held only two meetings - Elfed and the Missionaries, - and these meetings will remain sacred in our hearts while we live on this earth. We heard that the meeting on Thursday night had turned into a Pentecost and that the congregation had broken out in song and prayer (‘crowd had broken out to sing and pray’) in more than one chapel in the Valley. O blessed Union! May the influence be a blessing to thousands of people and glory to God.

shonc [ʃɔŋk] (adj) lively (= sionc [ʃɔŋk])

Origin unknown

Shôn [ʃo:n] (nm) John (=Siôn [ʃo:n]; Ifan, Ieuan, Ioan)

From English JOHN [ʤo:n], now with a short vowel [ʤɔn]

Shoni [ˡʃo·nɪ] (nm) 1/ Johnnie (= Sioni; Siôn [ˡʃo·nɪ, ʃo:n]) 2/ (= Shoni-(h)oi) collier (derogatory term)

NOTE: A pejorative term for the colliers from the Glamorgan uplands used (formerly) in the English of the south-east is a SHONNY [ˡʃɔnɪ], plural SHONNIES [ˡʃɔnɪz]. For people in Caer-dydd / Cardiff, the people from the Valleys coming into the city to shop or to visit the pubs at the weekend were the “Shonnies from the hills / the ’ills”. Interestingly, there is an example of this expression used to refer to North Wales people, but probably the only instance of this ever having occurred – in an email on rootsweb dated Thursday, 30 January 2003, a Liverpool-Welsh woman, married to a Welshman from Caer-dydd, states ‘the Welsh people used to arrive on certain days by coach in Liverpool for shopping - my Welsh mother in law always referred to these Northern invaders as "The Shonnies from the hills".

Shoni-(h)oi [ˡʃo·nɪ ˡɔɪ] (nm) Shonny Hoy, collier (derogatory term) (= Sioni hoi [ˡʃo·nɪ ˡhɔɪ])
Shoni-(h)oiz [ˡʃo·nɪ ˡɔɪz] (pl) (= Sioni hois [ˡʃo·nɪ ˡhɔɪs])

(delwedd 5772)

The Gwentian dialect is / was disparagingly referred to in English by its speakers as ‘Shonny Hoi Welsh’ (e.g. mentioned by Robert Minhinnick in “Writing on the Edge: Interviews with Writers and Editors of Wales” / David T. Lloyd / 1997: ‘shony hoi Welsh’).

It lost prestige in the first half of the 1900s and was felt to be inferior to other forms of spoken Welsh (the rural south-western and north-western dialects in particular, and the spoken standard Welsh of radio and television).

Welsh as a spoken language was actively discouraged in the school system, although paradoxically there might be Welsh lessons in some schools based on the literary language. This discouragement and the study of Welsh as a formal written language was not helpful to the language’s continued use and survival.

shop [ʃɔp] (nf) shop (= siop [ʃɔp])
shopa [ˡʃɔpa] (pl) shops (= siopau [ˡʃɔpaɪ])
shop sgitsha shoe shop
shop gwmpni, (pl) shopa cwmpni company shop (under the truck system, at the beginning of industrialisation, workers were forced to accept wages in kind, as commodities, or else a money substitute such as vouchers or tokens was paid which could be used only in a company-owned shop where the prices were higher than usual, the system thus worked to the employer’s advantage and effectively reduced the value of the wages paid to the employee).

short [ʃɔrt] (nf) sort (= math [ma:θ])

rw short o wīn some sort of wine,a kind of wine

(Other spellings: siort)

shoto [ˡʃɔtɔ] (v) to throw; to throw away (= taflu [ˡtavlɪ])
Not in use in standard Welsh; the standard form would be siotio, and is thus found in GPC - (Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru)
shoto’i fr’icha throw his arms about (kimkat0928k / Ni’n Doi / page 55, spelt as “shotto’i freecha”)

ORIGIN: Dialect English “to shot” (= to throw). 1/ Cf Middlesborough, northern England: Shot - To throw. “Can you shot those things in a box please?” Shot ‘em out - Throw them out. www. lovemiddlesbrough.com/visitor-info/smogtionary-slang-dictionary

2/ Cf also colloqiial English ‘get shot of’ = ‘get rid of’

showdwr [ˡʃɔudʊr] (nm) soldier (= milwr [ˡmi·lʊr])
showdwrs [ˡʃɔudʊrz] (pl) (= milwyr [ˡmɪlwɪr])

shẁd [ʃʊd] (adv) how (= sut [sɪt])
shẁd i chi ’eddi? how are you today?
ishta [ˡɪʃta] (prep) like < yr un shẁd â (= the same form as)


(delwedd 5594)
(How are you today? I’ve got better by using Gwilym Evan’s Quinine Bitters)
(Other spellings: siwd. shwd. shwt, siwt)

sicir [ˡsɪkɪr] (adj) sure (= sicr [ˡsɪkɪr])
on’ ma un peth yn sicir but one thing’s certain

shop [ʃɔp] (nf) shop (= siop [ʃɔp])
shopa [ˡʃɔpa] (pl) shops (= siopau [ˡʃɔpaɪ])

silin [ˡsi·lɪn] (nm) 1/ ceiling (= nenfwd [ˡnɛnvʊd])
*silina [sɪˡli·na] (pl) (= nenfydau [nɛnˡvədaɪ, -dɛ])

Also as selin [ˡse·lɪn]

s’iri [ˡsi:rɪ] < seiri, plural of sɛr [sæ:r] (= standard Welsh seiri [ˡsəɪrɪ]) carpenters. See SAER

slafo [ˡsla·vɔ] (v) to slave = work like a slave (= llafurio [ɬaˡvɪrjɔ])
a ninna’n gorffod slafo trw’n bywyd... and we are forced to slave all our lives...

slant [slant] (nf) slant = inclined mine entry to a seam (= slant [slant])

sliman [ˡslɪman] (nf) slim woman (= un denau [i:n ˡde·naɪ])
sliman o fenyw skinny woman (“[a] slim-one [of ] [a] woman”)

(English SLIM) + (-EN feminine noun suffix) > SLIMEN (> Gwentian SLIMAN)

slimyn [ˡslɪmɪn] (nm) slim man (= un tenau [i:n ˡte·naɪ])
slimyn main skinny man (“[a] thin slim-one)
See kimkat0928k / Ni’n Doi / page 57 
(English SLIM) + (-YN masculine noun suffix) > SLIMYN

slow [slou] (adj) alow (= araf [ˡa·rav])

bod yn slow iawn be very slow
From English SLOW

smala [ˡsma·la] (adj) funny (= digrif [ˡdɪgrɪv], ysmala [əˡsma·la])

smart [smart] (adj) (1) smart = attractive; (= deniadol, [dɛnˡja·dɔl], smart [smart]); (2) smart = clever (= craff [kra:f], smart [smart])
From English SMART

smatig [ˡsmatɪg] (adj) 1/ asthmatic = suffering from asthma 2/ (coal mine) causing asthma (= asthmatig [asˡθmatɪg])

From English SMATICK < ASMATICK (= ASTHMATIC)

Smutw [ˡsmɪtʊ] (nf) village name (= Ynysmeudwy [ənɪsˡθməɪduɪ])

1/ YNYSMEUDWY > YNYSMEUDW (reduction of final diphthong WY > W) (typical feature of southern Welsh)

2/ YNYSMEUDW > ’SMEUDW (loss of pretonic syllable) (typical feature of Welsh in general)

3/ ’SMEUDW > ’SMEUTW (devoicing o the D when at the head of a final syllable – a typical feature of Gwentian)

4/ ’SMEUTW > ’SM’UTW (reduction of diphthong EU to U) (typical feature of southern Welsh)

(“Smutw” also spelt as “Smitw” – in South Wales, “i” and “u” are both pronounced as “i”)

y Llaethferch yna o Smutw (Y Darian, 4 Tachwedd 1915) that milkmaid from Ynysmeudwy

(delwedd J6370)

smwddo [ˡsmu·ðɔ] (v)

1/ iron (= stilo [ˡsti·lɔ], smwddio [ˡsmʊðjɔ]

2/ stroke (a cat, etc) (= anwesu [anˡwɛsɪ])

English SMOOTH. ‘Smooth the cat’ is heard in Somerset and Devon, and also in the English of south-east Wales.

snêc [sne:k] (nm) sneak, creep (= llechgi [ˡɬɛxgɪ])
Snêcs Aber-dɛr / Snêcs Bar-dɛr nickname for Aber-dâr / Aberdare people (‘(the) sneaks (of) Aber-dâr’).
y Snêcs the people of Aber-dâr / Aberdare
Tre’r Snêcs Aber-dâr / Aberdare (‘(the) town (of) the sneaks’)
Dinas y Snêcs Aber-dâr / Aberdare (‘(the) city (of) the sneaks’)
Ffair y Snêcs = Ffair Aber-dâr / Aberdare Fair (‘(the) fair (of) the sneaks’).

From English SNEAK [sneik], an older pronunciation of what is now SNEAK [sniik].

This pronunciation is still to be found in Irish English, and latterly in many English dialects, though it is a fast-disappearing feature. (In western and southern dialects of English especially many dialect words retain the original [ei] pronunciation that has become [i:] in modern standard English.)

In standard English, there are vestiges of EA [ei] in STEAK [steik] and BREAK [breik].

Cf ‘strame’ [streim] as the pronunciation of ‘stream’ in the Forest of Dean in Gloucestershire, bordering on the Gwentian-speaking area. Here too: “clean” [kli:n] is “clane” [klein], “speak” [spi:k] is “spake” [speik].

Cf sneak-up = cringing villain, creeping rascal (c. 1597 Henry IV Part 1 / Act III Scene iii Line 84 [Falstaff to Hostess] The Prince is ... a sneak-up [Quarto: sneakeup; Folio: sneak-cup]

A Glossary Of Berkshire Words And Phrases. Major B. Lowsley, Royal Engineers. London. Published For The English Dialect Society. 1888. (‘All [words and expressions] as now submitted I have heard spoken in Mid-Berkshire.’) notes quane (= queen), spake (= speak), strame (= stream), wake-lin (= weakling), whate (= wheat), whale (= wheel i.e. a haze around the moon)

The explanation for this nickname for Aber-dâr people might be the one given in 1915 in the weekly newspaper Y Darian:

(delwedd 5903)

Y Darian. 28 Hydref 1915.

(3) Snecs Aberdar. — Gelwid felly am eu bod yn arfer segura ar hyd yr heolydd, a chario clecs o fan i fan, ac yn creu ymryson rhwng y cymdogion.

‘Aberdare Sneaks’. They were called this because they were in the habit of hanging around the streets doing nothing, and carrying gossip from place to place, and sowing discord between neighbours.

(Other forms or spellings: snec, snêc, snake)

snortan [ˡsnɔrtan] (v) snort (= make a snorting noise) (= ffroeni [ˡfrɔɪnɪ])

snwbyn [ˡsnu·bɪn] (nm) 1/ lump = large person or thing (= talp [talp]) 2/ punch on the nose; punch, blow (= ergyd [ˡɛrgɪd]) 3/ snub = rebuff, rejection, act of treating coldly or with disdain; slighting comment (= sen [sɛn])
snwbyn o grotyn a great lump of a boy, a large lump of a boy

English SNUB (= rebuke, reprimand) < SNUB (v) (= rebuke, reprove, chide, scold) < Old Scandinavian SNUBBA (= chide, scold), perhaps originally with the sense of ‘cut off’.

snwffach [ˡsnu·fax] (v) sniffle (have a runny nose from a cold) (= sniffian [ˡsnɪfjan])

sodlo [ˡsɔdlɔ] (v) 1/ tread the heels of sb; 2/ (dog) snap at or bite the heels of a cow, horse, etc; 3/ follow closely at the heels of sb, be subservient to sb. (= sodlo [ˡsɔdlɔ])

Ci Sodlo - An underling. “Mae e'n folon bod yn gi sodlo i bawb." (He is willing to be un underling to everybody).
Cardiff Times. 3 Hydref / October1908. Uncommon Words and Expressions, Peculiar to Glamorgan. Cadrawd.

sofft [sɔft] (adj) soft (= meddal [ˡme·ðal])

English SOFT

so’g [so:g] (nm) dregs, residue; pigswill (= soeg [sɔɪg])

sö long [sə ˡlɔŋ] so long, goodbye, bye-bye, bye (= hwyl [huɪl])

English SO LONG

sôn [so:n] (nm) mention, talk (= sôn [so:n])

taw sôn r(h)og cwiddyl i ti! Be quiet – shame on you! (= taw sôn rhag cywilydd i ti!)

sop [sɔp] (nm) 1/ sop, bread soaked in milk or tea (= sop [sɔp]); 2/ bowl of bread and milk or bread and buttermilk (= bara llaeth [ˡba·ra ˡɬaɪθ]) 3/ (adj) sopping-wet

gwallt sop sopping-wet hair

bod yn sop diferol be sopping wet

English SOP

sopan [ˡsɔpan] (nf) 1/ hussy; term of abuse for a woman (= maeden [ˡməɪdɛn])
sopennod [ˡsɔpɛnɔd] (pl) (= maedenod [məɪˡde·nɔd])

Probably from sopen (= straw bundle, bundle of straw). SOPEN > Gwentian SOPAN;

if not sop (= sop, bread soaked in milk or tea; stupid person) (SOP) + (diminutive suffix -EN) > SOPEN > Gwentian SOPAN

sopor [ˡso·pɔr] (adj) 1/ sober (= sobr [ˡso·bɔr]); 2/ serious (= difrifol [dɪˡvri·vɔl]); 3/ sopor o... very (= iawn [jaʊn])

rw i weti bod yn sopor o fishi’n ddiweddar I’ve been very busy lately

dan n’uthur gwimad mor sopor â phab with a serious look on his face (‘making a face as serious as a pope’)

sopri [ˡsɔprɪ] (v) 1/ (vi) sober up, become sober (= sobri [ˡsɔbrɪ]) 2/ (vt) make sober (= sobri [ˡsɔbrɪ]) 3/ (vt) put in a serious mood (= callio [ˡkaɬjɔ]) 4/ (vi) quieten down (= tawelu [taˡwe·lɪ]) 5/ (vt) quieten down (= tawelu [taˡwe·lɪ])

sopyn [ˡsɔpɪn] (nm) 1/ bundle (= bwndel [ˡbʊndɛl]); 2/ a great many (= llawer iawn [ˡɬa·wɛr ˡjaʊn])
sopyn dychrynllyd a great amount of people
sopyn digynnig a great amount of people

söseiati [səˡsəɪətɪ] (nf?) society (= cymdeithas [kəmˡdəɪθas])

stac [stak] (nm) factory chimney, stack (= simnai [ˡʃɪmnaɪ])
staca [ˡstaka] (pl) (= simneiau [ʃɪmˡnəɪaɪ])
English STACK (= tall chimney)

Stalfera [stalfe·ra] (nf) local form of Ystalyfera (= Ystalyfera [əstaləfe·ra])

staplo [ˡstaplɔ] (v) stable = put (a horse) in a stable (= stablo [ˡstablɔ])

From (STABAL = stable) + (-O verb suffix) > STABLO

(Source: GPC)

starto [ˡstartɔ] (v) start (= dechrau [ˡdɛxraɪ], cychwyn [kəxˡwɪn], startio [ˡstartjɔ])

Ro’dd yr angladd wedi starto cyn yr amsar (adapted from** Y Darian 09-09-1915) The funeral had started early (“before the time”)
From English START

stɛl [stɛ:l] (adj) (bread) stale (= hen [he:n] = old, henbob [ˡhɛnbɔb] = old-baked)

bara dicon stɛl yw a it’s bread that’s quite stale

From English STALE [sta:l], now [steil]; probably from the proto-Germanic root *STA- (= to stand), found in the English words 1/ STAND,

And 2/ STALL This is cognate with German STALL (= stable), Greek STELE (= slab of stone), Latin STOLIDUS (originally = (adj) unmovable; later (adj) = stupid, foolish).

The Germanic root word is cognate with Latin STÂRE (= to stand), from which (via French) comes English STABLE (adjective = immovable; noun = building for a horse or horses)

stico [ˡstɪkɔ] (v) 1/ to stick (= glynu [ˡglənɪ]) 2/ to hurry (= brysio [ˡbrəʃɔ])

stico (petha) yn i gilydd stick things together
sticwch i gwplo (GPC) (imperative form) hurry up and finish

From English STICK

stitsh ˡstɪʧ] (nm?) stich = the least bit (= mymryn [stɔrm])

stitshyz [ˡstɪʧɪz] (pl) (= mymrynnach [məmˡrənax])

nela'r un ohonyn nw ddim stitsh o waith byth onibai i bod nw’n gorffod neither of them would do a stitch of work unless they were forced to

stiwt [stɪut] (nm?) institute (= glynu [ˡglənɪ]) 2/ hurry (= brysio [ˡbrəʃɔ]) institute

Popular name for Sefydliad y Glowyr Coed-duon / Blackwood Miners’ Institute, and other South Wales Miners’ Institutes.

From the English name ‘(The) Stute’, a clipped form of ‘Institute’. The same name in used in Sir y Flint / Flintshire for the Miners’ Institute in Rhosllannerchrugog.

stôl [sto:l] (nf) stall (= stondin [ˡstɔndɪn])
stôlz [sto:lz] (pl) stalls (= stondinau [stɔnˡdi·naɪ])
stôl lyfra bookstall
From English STALL from the proto-Germanic root *STA- (= to stand)

stop [stɔp] (nm) stop (= stop [stɔp])

roi stop ar betha fel ’yn to put a stop to things like this (‘give / put a stop on....’)

From English STOP

stopo [ˡstɔpɔ] (v) stop (= stopio [ˡstɔpjɔ]; atal [ˡatal])

cɛl ÿch stopo i weyd ÿch barn be stopped from voicing your opinion
(STOP) + (-IO verb suffix) > STOPIO > STOPO

storom [ˡsto·rɔm] (nf) storm (= storm [stɔrm])

stormydd [ˡstɔrmɪð] (pl) (= stormydd [ˡstɔrmɪð])

Strafellta [stɪaˡvɛɬta] (nf) village name (= Ystradfellte [əstɪadˡvɛɬtɛ])

streic [strəɪk] (nf) strike (= streic [strəɪk])
From English STRIKE

strêt [stre:t] (adv) straight (= directly) (= syth [si:θ])

mynd strêt i’r gwely go straight to bed
From English STRAIGHT

stresol [ˡstrɛsɔl] (adj) busy (= prysur [ˡprəsɪr])

English STRESS (STRES) + (-OL adjectival suffix)

stwmp [stʊmp] (nm) 1/ tree stump (= boncyff [ˡbɔŋkɪf]); 2/ bewilderment, perplexity (= stwmp [stʊmp])
mynd i stwmp become nonplussed, become bewildered, become perplexed

stwmpyn [ˡstʊmpɪn] (nm) 1/ tree stump (= boncyff [ˡbɔŋkɪf]); 2/ (Morgannwg) works manager or offical (= stwmpyn [ˡstʊmpɪn]) (GPC)

stumocus [stɪˡmo·kɪs] (adj) (food) appetising; (person) having a good appetite; (work) causing one to be hungry (= stumogus [stɪˡmo·gɪs] (GPC))

sulw [ˡsɪlʊ] (nm) observation, comment, remark (= sylw [ˡsilʊ])

sulwi [ˡsɪlwi] (v) notice, observe (= sylwi [ˡsɪlwi])

sulwch observe, note (imperative – second person plural)

S’usnag [ˡsi·snag] (nf) English (= Saesneg [ˡsəɪsnɛg]). See Seusnag

s’utha [ˡsi·θa] (pl) (= arrows). Gweler sɛth (= arrow)

suwr [ˡsɪʊr] (adj) sure (= sicr [ˡsɪcɪr])

swagro [ˡswagrɔ] (v) swagger (= rhodresa [hroˡdrɛsa], ymddwyn yn rhodresgar [ˡəmðuin ən hroˡdrɛsgar])
From English SWAGGER; (SWAGR) + (-O verbal suffix) > SWAGRO

swît [swi:t] (adj) sweet (= melys [ˡmɛlɪs])

Swît Bar-dɛr

English SWEET

Cf. In the English dialect of Llanidloes, mid-Wales: SWEET, a word of encouragement used during a fight, or some athletic contest. “Sweet, Jack.” (Parochial Account of Llanidloes / Edward Hamer / Chapter X / Folk-lore. Page 307 Collections Historical and Archeological Relating to Montgomeryshire and its Borders / 1877)

swllt [sʊɬt] (nm) shilling (a coin worth twelve pence which was abolished with the introduction of decimal coinage in the English state in 1971) (= swllt [sʊɬt])

syllta [ˡsəɬta] (= sylltau [ˡsəɬtaɪ])

(Pembrokeshire swllte; a Gwentian form #swllta might also be supposed.)

dou swllt two shillings

Welsh < British SOL’D- < Latin SOL’D- < SOLIDUS (= minted coin).

swrn, syrnau [sʊrn, ˡsərnaɪ, -ɛ] ‹SURN, SƏR ne› (masculine noun)

1 (South-east Wales) ankle

(delwedd 7398)

NOTE: Local pronunciations in italics; thus Gwentian swrn, syrnau > swrn, swrna [sʊrn, ˡsʊrna]

swta [ˡsʊta] (adj) abrupt
apad yn swta answer abruptly, give a curt answer

swffro [ˡsʊfrɔ] (v) suffer (= dioddef [dɪˡo·ðɛv], syffro [ˡsəfrɔ])
From English SUFFER (SWFFR) + (-O verbal suffix) > SYFFRO (> Gwentian SWFFRO)

swmp [sʊmp] (nm) sump = pool at the bottom of a mine working where water collects (and is pumped out from) (= swmp [sʊmp])
#swmpa [ˡsʊmpa] (pl) (= sympiau [ˡsəmpjaɪ])

swmp [sʊmp] (nm) substance = a good thickness, a good weight (= sylwedd [ˡsəlwɛð])

English SUM > Welsh SWM > SWMP (= SWM + extraneous -P)

swmpo [ˡsʊmpɔ] (v) handle to get an idea of the weight or thickness of something (= trafod â’r llaw [ˡtra·vɔd a:r ɬau])
From SWMP + (-IO verbal suffix) > SWMPIO (> Gwentian SWMPO)

swno [ˡsu·nɔ] (v) sound (= swnio [ˡsʊnjɔ])
swno fel brɛn sound like a crow

sylcan [ˡsəlkan] (v) sulk (= sorri [ˡsɔrɪ], pwdu [ˡpu·dɪ])
From English SULK

swrddan [ˡsʊrðan] (nf) chatterbox (= baldorddwraig [balˡdɔrðwraɪg]) (GPC)

swrddyn [ˡsʊrðɪn] (nm) chatterbox (= baldorddwr [balˡdɔrðʊr])

sybstanshal [səbˡstanʃal] (adj) substantial (= sylweddol [sɪlˡwe·ðɔl])
From English SUBSTANTIAL

sylfan [ˡsəlvan] (nm) foundations of a house (= sylfaen [ˡsəlvaɪn])
Also silfan [ˡsɪlvan]

Fe allwch weld rhai o'r silfan ’co nawr you can still see some of the foundations there (‘you can see some-ones of the foundation yonder now’)

Sýmyrsets [ˡsəmərsɛts] (pl) ‘Somersets’, immigrant workers from the English county of Somerset (= gwy^r Gwlad yr Haf [ˡgwi:r ˡgwla:d ər ˡhav])

Sysnag [ˡsəsnag] (nf) English (= Saesneg [ˡsəisnɛg]). See Seusnag.

systífficat [səˡstɪfɪkat] (nf?) certificate (= tystysgrif [təstˡəsgriv]).

sythu [ˡsəθɪ] (v) 1/ stiffen; 2/be freezing; die of cold (= sythu [ˡsəθɪ])
rw-i bron sythu I’m almost dead from the cold, I’m frozen stiff (= yr wyf bron â sythu)


(delwedd 5748)
Who in Mountain Ash has not heard of John and Will Bron Sythu, men who as boys, used to go to Davies the shop, on Darran Las, where Thomas is now, clothed in shreds and tatters to enjoy the genial heat of the bakehouse?

(Other spellings: Siemsyn, Siemsin, Shemsin)

Xxxxx

rodd yr angladd wedi starto cyn yr amsar (Y Darian 09-09-1915)

xxxxx

Geiriadur Geiriau Cymraeg Camsillafedig (Sillafiadau Tafodieithol, Hynafol, Anarferol, Anghywir a Seisnegedig).
Geiriau Cymraeg nad yw yn y geiriaduron safonol - gellir gweld llawer ohonynt, ynglŷn â’u sillafiad safonol, yn y ddolen-gyswllt isod:

Dictionary of Misspelt Welsh Words (Dialectal, Archaic, Unusual, Incorrect and Anglicised Spellings).
Welsh words not listed in standard Welsh dictionaries - many might be found, along with their standard spelling, via the link below:

www.kimkat.org/amryw/1_vortaroy/geiriadur-camsillafiadau_MORFIL_3525e.htm


(delwedd G4002b)

Sumbolau:

a A / æ Æ / e E / ɛ Ɛ / i I / o O / u U / w W / y Y /
MACRONː ā Ā / ǣ Ǣ / t Ē / ɛ Ɛ / ī Ī / o Ō / ū Ū / w̄ W̄ / ȳ Ȳ /
MACRON + ACEN DDYRCHAFEDIGː Ā̀ ā̀ , Ḗ ḗ, Ī́ ī́ , Ṓ ṓ , Ū́ ū́, (w), Ȳ́ ȳ́
MACRON + ACEN DDISGYNEDIGː Ǟ ǟ , Ḕ ḕ, Ī̀ ī̀, Ṑ ṑ, Ū̀ ū̀, (w), Ȳ̀ ȳ̀
MACRON ISODː A̱ a̱ , E̱ e̱ , I̱ i̱ , O̱ o̱, U̱ u̱, (w), Y̱ y̱
BREFː ă Ă / ĕ Ĕ / ĭ Ĭ / ŏ Ŏ / ŭ Ŭ / B5236ː B5237ː
BREF GWRTHDRO ISODː i̯, u̯
CROMFACHAUː ⟨ ⟩ deiamwnt
A’I PHEN I LAWRː ∀, ә, ɐ (u+0250) httpsː //text-symbols.com/upside-down/
Y WENHWYSWEG: ɛ ǣ æ

ˈ ɑ ɑˑ aˑ aː / æ æː / e eˑeː / ɛ ɛː / ɪ iˑ iː ɪ / ɔ oˑ oː / ʊ uˑ uː ʊ / ə / ʌ /
ẅ Ẅ / ẃ Ẃ / ẁ Ẁ / ŵ Ŵ /
ŷ Ŷ / ỳ Ỳ / ý Ý / ɥ
ˈ ð ɬ ŋ ʃ ʧ θ ʒ ʤ / aɪ ɔɪ əɪ uɪ ɪʊ aʊ ɛʊ ɔʊ əʊ / £
ә ʌ ẃ ă ĕ ĭ ŏ ŭ ẅ ẃ ẁ Ẁ ŵ ŷ ỳ Ỳ Hungarumlautː A̋ a̋

U+1EA0 Ạ U+1EA1 ạ
U+1EB8 Ẹ U+1EB9 ẹ
U+1ECA Ị U+1ECB ị
U+1ECC Ọ U+1ECD ọ
U+1EE4 Ụ U+1EE5 ụ
U+1E88 Ẉ U+1E89 ẉ
U+1EF4 Ỵ U+1EF5 ỵ
gyn aith δ δ £ gyn aith δ δ £ U+2020 †
« »

DAGGER
wikipedia, scriptsource. org
httpsː []//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ǣ

Hwngarwmlawtː A̋ a̋
gyn aith δ δ
…..
…..
ʌ ag acen ddyrchafedig / ʌ with acute accentː ʌ́

Ə́ ə́

Shwa ag acen ddyrchafedig / Schwa with acute

…..
…..
wikipedia,
scriptsource.[]org
httpsː//[ ]en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ǣ

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