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500 SHROPSHIRE WORD-BOOK. SUPPLEMENT.
ends was flat and capable of being removed: when
the reel was lequired to be put on the
spindle, this end was taken off for that
purpose, and being again screwed on, the whole affair was ready
for the rotatory operation of winding.
The yam was conducted to the harrd
through the upper part of two * wings,* as they were called, — pieces of wood, curved somewhat like the '
merry- thought ' of a fowl, —
^permanently afi&xed near to the extremity of the spindle : the barrel, when put on at the opposite end,
was pushed up to these * wings/ which
extended beyond its drcumferenoe, and thus regulated the quantitv of yam it was required to
hold. See lattle Wlieel {Supplement).
Cf. Broach, p. 50.
BASH, (1) V, a. to scare ; to frighten, — 'fire yore gun, an' it'll ba^ them rooks.' — ^WELLiNaTON. Compare the
M.E. a-haschty which has the sense of
terrified, in the following : —
* \>e kyng was a-haacht
and his Ghaumberleyn so a-ferd * p&t neih he felde I-swowen.'
Joseph of ArimcUhie, 1. 202.
* A'hasehydf or a-ferde. TerritM, perterritus.' — Prompt. Parv, *O.Fr. esbahir, to Mghten; to startle: from
O.Fr. bcier, la radne dont est
Ponomatop^ inteijective ba.* — Bttb.
(2) V. a. to make ashamed ; to put out of countenance. — Pulver- BATCH. * Fur shame on yo', John, taUdn' so
vulgar, yo'n quite bash these young
girls.'
' His countenaunce was bold, and bashed not
For Guyons lookes, but soomefull eye^unoe at him shot.'
Spensbb, F, Q., Bk. n. c. iv. st. xxxvii.
BILL, sb. a bank-note. Qy. com. ' I hanna got no cash [coins! Maester, nuthin* but a biUJ Sometimes the
term Bank-bili is used for the same
thing.
BLACK-HEABED-VOB, sb. the BollfincL— £llssmebe. See Hope, p. 303.
BLACK SALLT, (1) sb. Salix caprea, great Sallow, or Goat Willow. — Wellinqton. Called Black Sally
from the very dark tint of its green
foliage.
(2) Salix pentdndra, sweet Bay-leaved Willow. — Wellhtoton. The term Black Sally seems to be somewhat
loosely applied to several species of
Willows, growing high, and having foliage of more than ordinary depth of colour. See mlly, p. 360,
and Withy, p. 487.
BLEITT, pret blended, — * 'Er blent it 6op.' — Newport. See example sub voce Noration, p. 304.
* Then Sir Tristeram tooke powder forth of that box, & blent it with warme sweete milke.'
King Arthur and the King of Cornwall^ 1. 276. Percv Folio MS., vol. i p. 73, ed. Hales and
FumivalL
A.S. blendany to mix, blend.
BLETCH [blech'], (1) sb. the black, sticky substance, into which the grease applied to the axles of cart-wheels,
to machinery, &c. is con- verted
by trituration. Com.
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GLOSSARY OF ARCHAIC AND PROVINCIAL WORDS, ETC. 501
Compare * Bleche for souters, aUrament noyr,^ — Palsgrave, in Way. * A.S. hlcec; O.Du. hUick; O.H.Q-enKi.
hlach^ black {atramentum),' — Stbat.
See Blutch, below.
(2) v,a, to smear with 'bletch.' Com. 'I oamia get the marks out o' yore ^wn, Ma'am, I've tried all as
ever I can ; but I doubt yo'n hletched
it some'ow, an' hletch is sich a thing, 70' oanna stir it'
BLIVD-VETTLE, sh. Lamium galeobdolony Archangel; Lamium alburn^ white Dead-nettle ; and Lamium
jmrpureum^ red Dead-nettle, are each
and alike called Blind-nettle, — WELLmaTON.
' Archangelicay blinde netle,' occurs in Archbp. JElfric^B Vocabulary^ X. cent, in Wr. yocabs., toI, i. p. 31.
Gerarde says, ' Archangell is caUed .... of some Lamium ; in English . . blinde NettU, and dead Nettle.'
— iTer^oZ;, Bk II. p. d68, 1st ed.
A.D. 1597.
The Lamiums known respectiTely as Blind-nettle are so called from their leaves, which while they appear to
the eye like those of the
stinging-nettle, are not resentful — ^but seemingly insensible — to
the touch ; 80 to speak blind or *
dead.'
See Dea-nettle, p. 114, also Purple I>ea-nettle, p. 338.
QPUCSS, eh. the boundary line of an allotment of timber-felling : a term used by the wood-cutters about
Cleobury Mortimer. See aub voce Hag
(2), p. 192.
BLTJE-SOCK, sb, Columba cenaSf the Stock-Doye. A Gramekeepei^s term. Com.
BLUTCH, same as Bletoh, above — a corrupt form of the word. — Chuboh Stbbtton, Leebotwood; Wvllinqtok.
BOOTS, ab. Galtha palustris, common Marsh Marigold. — Newport, Edgrnond, This plant grows abundantly on
the Wealdmoors, and some Edgmond
children at the present day [1872] call the flowers ^00^, as Eichard Bamefield — an Edgmond
man— did in 1594. He says, in The
Affectionate Shepheard —
' Fine pretie King-cups and the yellow Bootee
That growes by Kiuers and by shallow Brookes.'
Complete Poems o/Hichard Bamlelfield^ p. 16, ed. A. B. Grosart (Boxburgh Club), 1876.
G^erarde says, Caltha palustris is called 'in English Marsh Man-
Slides, in Cheshire and those parts it is called 'Bootes.* — Herball, k. IL p. 671, Ist ed. aj>. 1597.
* Bouto, or BootSf the marsh marigold, from the Fr. bouton cPor, in respect of the yellow flower buds.' —
Pbiob's P<^ptUar Names of British
Plants, p. 27, ed. 1870.
Cf. Meadow Bout {Supplement). See ICay-Flowers, and sub voce, p. 274.
BOTTOM, «&, obs, a ball of yam as it was wound off the reel for the cottage weaver, or for home use. —
Pulverbatch. Qy. com. • Come, yo* mun
trindle them yarwin's [q. v.] pretty sharp, else we sha'n '&ve owd Spake, the waiver, 'ere
afore we*n got the bottoms ready.' In
the Midsummer Nighfs Dream the weaver, who is one of the Dramatis Persona, is called Bottom —
a name borrowed, doubt- less, from the
bottoms of yam employed in his handicraft.
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502 SHROPSHIRE WORD-BOOK. SUPPLEMENT.
BOTTOM-STALL, sb., ob8,1 the foundation of a ball of yam.— Pttlyebbatch. a hoUom-stall — which served
also for a child's rattle — was often
made by putting shot into a j^oose's wind-pipe, then drying it, and forming it into a ring,
by slippinff the smaller end within
the other. < I think my yom's gettin' low, I can 'ear the hottom'Stall rackle.'
BOXTTED [bou'tid], part, pcutf, sprang suddenly; bolted. Com. *Did*n'ee 'ear o' owd Clarke's accident?'
*No, whad wuz it?' * Wy that 'orse as
'e bought las' hr houJted o'er the 'edge, an' throwed 'im.' ' Well, I 'card that 'orse wuz al'ays
a houterJ
* & Gryme the spurres spared not ; soe weele to the steeds sides he let them feele,
his horsse houted forth '
Eger and Qrine, 1. 351. Percy Folio MS., vol. i. p. 374, ed. Hales and Fumivau.
See L (2) in Qrammar Outlines {consonants, &c),
BOW [boa*], sb. mode of doing things; habits. — Shrewsbury; PULYBRBATGH. * I'd rather take a young girl
as 'ad never been out, I could sooner
bring 'er up to my own iow. A term borrowed from archery, probably.
BRAKE, sb. a plot, or parcel, of furze or fern. — Wellington. 'If some o' that theer fyarn an' gorst wuz cut
i' brakes, we met-n 'äve some chonce
to get the rabbits out.'
' He builded * his men in a brake of f eame
a Htle from that Nunery, sayes, '* if
you heare my utle home blow, then
looke you come to me." '
Rohine Hood and F fryer Tucke, 1. 11. Percy Folio MS., voL i. p. 27, ed Hales and FumivaJL
* *for hilded, i. e. concealed.' — Note by Bp. Pbroy. — Ibid.
* Brakebushe, or femebrake. Filicetum, filicarium.* — Prompt, Parv.
* Filicetum. A feamie ground.' — Diet. Etym. Lot. See Brake (2), in Hal.
BRASE [br'ai·z], (1) sb, blacksmith's fuel : there are two kinds, charcoal-&ra«e and coal- &ra«e, of
which, the former is the better and
the more expensive ; but both cJike consist of small nuggets^ quite free from dust, and producing a glowing
heat. — Brtdonobth. Braae is employed
in makmg the best quality of edge-tools, woodcutters' implements and the like. * I'n got two or
three brummocks to mak*. Sir, as well
as youm, but I conna mak' 'em wi'out brase, an' they hanna sen' me none 3dt.'
* O.Du. brase ; O.Swed. brasa, glowing coals.' — Strat. See Brese, below.
(2) V. a. to cut or slash the bark of trees, — a woodcutter's term used about Cleobury Mortimer. See sub voce
Hag (2), p. 192. See Brase, in Hal.
BRESE [br'ee·z], sb. small coal sifted from the dust, — riddled slack, used by blacksmiths for general purposes.—
ShrBwsbxtrt ; Pulvkr- batch. Qy. com.
Cf. Brase (1), above.
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GLOSSARY OF ARCHAIC AND PROVINCIAL WORDS, ETC. 503
B&OCK, sh.y oha, Mdes taams, the Badger. The term l/rock is belieyed to be obsolete at the present date
(1881), as applied to a badger. In
1868, or thereabout, a gamekeeper on the Buildwas Park estate was heard using it ; he said of
certam men that, he thought * they wun
after a brock,* but ' they wim poachers after alL' There is a wooded mound between the Wrekin and
Buildwas called the Brockholes Bank,
from its haying been the haunt of badgers in
former times. Brock, as a part of some place-names, such as Lee Brockhurstj Preston Brockhurst, points to
the same origin; and it may safely be
assumed that the badger was at one time familiarly known in Salop tmder the appellation brock.
Langland speaks of it by this name : —
' And go hunte hardiliche ' to hares and to foxes. To bores and to brockea * l^at breketh
adown myne hegges.'
Piers PL, Text B., pass. vi. L 31.
The Wycliffite Version renders Hebrews xi. 37: *Thei wenten aboute in broc skynnes, and in skynnes of
geet, nedi, angwischid, turmentid.'
CflBsar, one of Bums' ' Twa Dogs,^ says —
' . . . our gentry care as little For
delyers, £tchers, an' sic cattle, They
gane as saucy by poor folk As I wad by
a stinldng brock,'* — Poems, p. 3, 1. 10.
* Brok, best, K. Brocke, P. Taams, ccutorj' — Prompt Parv,
* A,S. broc; Dan. brok, brock, badger.' — Strat.
B&OWH LIHHET, sb, Fringilla canndbina, the common Linnet. — Bridgnorth ; Wbllinqton. Qy. com. See
Gorse-bird, &c., p. 180.
BXTLLIN [buolin], «6., obs, a receptacle for 'bottoms' of yarn. — PiTLYERBATGH. Bullins — ^included amongst
the 'home-made' things pertaining to
good housewifery — were constructed of straw, fashioned like a bee-hiye; they were circular in
form, and flat-bottomed. 'Weer mun I
ptit these bottoms o' yom. Missis P—b5oath bulUns bin fiilL' 'Yo'n fine a wisket under the
stars as 651 do.' See Bottom
{Supplement).
BTTLLEXTSH, sb. Typha latifdlia, great Beed-mace. — ^Wbllinqton. Qy. com. The true Bullrush belongs to
another order, — C^^erocece.
BULLS'-PATES, ab. pi. large rooUufts of Aira ca9pit68a.—Yfm^ UNGTOir, EaUm OonstatUine. See
Sniggle-bogs, p. 395.
BY, prep., pec. about ; regarding ; with respect to. — Worthbn. (1) * Whad did they say ^ 'er ?' * Oh !
they saiden as 'er wu« a nioe young
66man, they wun all mighty fond on 'er.' (2) * Ths rots bin sniyin , I dunna know whadeye^s to be
done by 'em.'
' •* hermitt," hee sayd, " flfbr St. Oharytye, was this letter made by * mee P " '
Sir Degree, I. 242. Percy Folio MS., yol. iii. p. 27, ed. Hales and«Fumiyall.
* * about, concerning.'— Note by Mr. Pi7RNiVALL.—-iWd. See By, p. 60.
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504 SHROPSHIRE WORD-BOOK. SUPPLEMSNT.
CADEE, CADSE-MAV [kadeo], 96., obsols. a man who is not regularly employed, but doee odd jobs, goes
on errands, cairies messages, or suca
like. — Shrewsbitry.
Jamieson giyes * Cadxe, », (1) One who gains aliyelihoodby nmning of errands, or deliyering messages ; a
member of a Society in Edin- burgh,
instituted for this purpose. (2) A boy ; especially as employed in running of errands, or in any inferior
sort of work.'
CAO-BUTCHER, sb. a man who buys animals that haye died a natural death ; and also unsound animals,
to slaughter, with the Yiew of selling
their fle^ as * butcher's-meat.' — WELLDfOTON. See below.
C AO-KAO, sb. unwholesome, or inferior meat — Wbllinqton ; Whitchurch. * I conna ate sioh cag^mag as
that, it met do fur a dog, but it inna
fit fur a Christian.'
* Cagmag, bad food, or other ooarse things. The word, in the lan- guage of Scotland, signifies an old goose.
See Mr. Pennant's Tour, Appendix, p.
9.' — Peqoe.
Mr. Peacock giyes * CcLg-'tMigBf in two seyeral senses, (1^ old g^^i (2) unwholesome meat,' as a Lincolnshire
word. See E. D. 3., G. tl
CASDS [ki'aar''dz atid kaar'*dz], sb. pi, obs. implements of house- wifery used for combing wool, and ' herdes
' or ' nogs,' to prepare them for the
spinning-wheel. Com. The cards were two flat boards, each of which was about eleyen inches long by
seyen broad ; they were coyered with
leather, full of teeth — bent, flexible wires set closely together. Each card had a handle in the
centre of the lon^ side. yfhen. the
cards were in use the handles were at op|K>site pomts to each other. The modus operandi of the cards
was this, — ^tne carder laying them on
her knee, with the wool or * herdes ' between them, held the lower one firmly by the handle
with her left hand ; then taking the
handle of the upper one in her ri^ht hand, she worked the card towards her, repeating the process
until the material under- going it
required turning or remoying, when she reyersed the move- ment, and droye it of! the cards in fmck
rolls. The teeth, or wires of the
cards for ' herdes,' or nogs, were farther apart than those in the wool-carc20.' * The Missis at
Walleyboume wants me to card two or
three pound o' '551 fur 'er, but my 'onds bin that sore d5th cardin' nogs, Fm sick o' the sifi^ht of a par o'
cards.^ Handle Holme descrmes * The
Paris of a Card ' thus — * The
Card-Board. The Handle.
The Leaf, is the Leather in which the Teeth or Wyer is set The List, is that as is nailed about to
hold on the Leaf. The Teeth, are tiie
crooked Wyers.
The Tacks, are the small Nails which Nails the List about the Leaf to hold it on the Board.'— ^cokfemy 0/
Armory, Bk. in. ch. yL p. 285. Ash has * Card .... The instrument with
which wool is broken and made fit for
spinning.'
The Promptorium Parvuhrum giyes * Carde, wommanys instrument Cardus, discerpiculum.*
* Lat. carduua [a thistle] ; a card, a teaseL' — Strat.
* Ital. Cardoj a thistle ; a carder's comb.' — Meadows.
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GLOSSARY OF ARCHAIC AND FROVIKCIAIj WORDS, ETC. 505
GAEVE [kaaVy], v. n. to thicken, — a term applied to milk in a state of preparation for the ohum. —
"Rr.T.wRMRRg, and Cheshire Border.
'Are you going to chum to-day?' *No, Ma'am, the milk i' this atane uma ready, ifs too thin — ^it hanna
carved a bit. '
Bay giyeSy amongst * North Country Worde^ * To carve, or kerve. To grow sour, spoken of Cream. Cheshire. To
kerve, or kerme, i. e. to curdle as
soiir Milk doth.'
Wilbraham has * Carve* in the same sense, in his Cheshire Glossary, ed. 1820.
OAT-TBEB, 8b. Comvs sanguinea, wild Cornel or Dogwood. — WBLLnroTON. Perhaps a corruption of the old
form Qaten or Qater- tree.
Oerarde says of *the wilde Cornell tree' that it is called 'in English Houndes tree, . . Dogges berrie
tree; ... in the North countrey they
call it Qaten tree, or Qater tree ; the berries whereof seeme to be those which Chancre calleth
Qater berries.' — HerbcUl, Bk. III. p.
1283, Ist ed. A.D. 1597.
G^rarde's reference to Chaucer is found in the Nonne Prestes Tale, where Pertelote says to Chauntedeer, who
appears to her to need a course of
alterative
' I schal myself to herbes techen yow.
That schiu ben for youre hele,' —
and accordingly prescribes various ' simples,' amongst them, ^gaytres beryis,' telling lum to
* Pekke hem up right as thay growe, and ete hem in.'
— ^1. 145, ed. Morris.
CATTT-TEEE, ah. Eudnyrnvs Eurojxkua, common Spindle tree. — PuLyERBATGH. 'Thocr's a piece o' Catty-tree
o' the fire, it stinka enough to pison
a body, jest bke as if a Turn-cat 'ad bin about' The oripD. of the local name. Catty-tree, is
sufficiently obvious from this ! It IS
* of a lothsome smell,' as old Gerarde says.
CHOP, {I) o.a.to set anything down hastily; to pop down. — Pulvbr- BATGH ; Welldtoton. Qy. com. * Jest chop
that basket down, an' run an' fatch me
a pail o' waiter to wesh the butter.' Cf. Olap (1), p. 81.
(2) V. a. to put in with a quick, sudden motion ; to pop in. — lUd. * I chopt a ferret i' the stack, an' the
rots come towtherin' out.'
Mr. Halliwell gives CJiop in a similar sense as ' North,' and illus- trates it thus : — ' " Chopt up in
prison," put in prison, True Tragedie
of Richard III., p. 31.'
OHUVVES [chunnir*], v. n. to mutter; to grumble, — *The owd woman went away chunnerin\* — ^Whitohuboh,
Cheshire Border. Cf Chnnder, p. 79.
CLIEE AS SACK, phr. extremely clear. — Pqlvbrbatch; Wbl- LniGTOir. Qy. com. 'It's capital
fresh-drink, Missis, as clier as •
Sack, an' sharp enough to cut one's throat.'
COAIrHEAETH, sb. a place where charcoal haa been made. — Wkl-
UNGTON.
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506 SHROPSHIRE WORD-BOOK. SUPPLBMENT.
COKE, t;. n., pee, to make charcoal! — ^Pulvbrbatgh ; Wellinqtok. ' I see they'll ruz a smoke i' the coppy, I
suppose tiie/n hegmk to coke,'
COLD-FIBE, 8b» fael laid for a fire, bat unlighted. Qy. com. * Lay a cold-fire i' the parlour, as we can
pl&t a match to in a minute, if
anybody drops in/
COME-BT-CHANCE, sb. an illegitimate child.— Newport. ' No *m, 't inna 'is roit n^em, Tumkisson inna — yo'
see 'e's a poor cSom-hy" chonce
as Tumkissons tooken tti, an' so 'e m5ostIy goos by their n^em, bdot 'is Mdother's n^em were
Baarbur.' C£ <^ance-child, p. 70.
COW-SHAWM, sb. cow-dung. — ^Whitchurch. This term obtained in 1826, and may still exist See Cow-aham,
p. 101.
OEAKEB [kr'ai-kur*], sb. the Landrail — {Wellington. Called Oraker firom its rough, grating call. Of.
Corncrake, p. 98, and see euh voce.
CBVDDLIVO, part, adj. curdling. — Worthen. Qy. com A peculiar use of this word was heard, May
13th, 1881, at Marton Pool, — a man
there spoke of the Pool as ' cruddlin' in August,* thus expressiyely describing the 'breaking' of
the water; a phenomenon, of which a
scientific explanation will be giyen in a note at the end of this work.
Spenser says of winter that it ' crudoUes the blood.' — Shepheardti Calender f Februarie, 1. 46.
See Cruddled and sub voce, pp. 107, 108.
SADDLE, (1) V, n, to trifle ; to loiter; to dawdle. Qy. com. Td sooner ptkt my girld to a good Missis, w'eer
'er'd lam summat bettor than doddle
about $5th a child.'
(2) ab, the hand or fist.— Colliery. 'Tip us yer doddle* is an inyitation to shake hands.
DAVT WHITEHEADS [yeds], sb. the white cottony haiis of EriSphorum vagindtum. Hare-tail
Cotton-grass, and of JSridphorum
angtuti/dlium, common Ootton-^^rass ; both species abound on
WhiacdU Moss. — Whitchxtroh. See
Sniggle (2), p. 395.
DEAD HEN'S FINOEBS, sb. Orchis maseula, early purple Orchis. Much Wenlooe, Buildwas, Cressage.
' . . and long purples
That liberal shepherds ffiye a grosser name.
But our cold maids do dead men*s fingers call them.'
Hamlet, IV. viL 172.
Called Dead men*s fingers, according to Prior, * from the pale colour and hand-like shape of the palmate tubers.'
— Popular Names of British FlanU, p.
64, ed. 1870.
See Bloody Butchers, p. 40.
DI [dei*], sb. familiar form of the name David. — Shrewsbury; Pulvbrbatoh.
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GLOSSARY OF ARCHAIC AND PROVINCIAL WORDS, ETC. 507
SILLT, «. n. to urge ; to drive. — Church STRBTTONy Leehotwood, ' To' mun diUy at 'im, or 'e'll ueyer do
it'
DIZEVER [dei'ximr'], sK a heavy blow. — Shrewsbury, Montford Bridge, Samuel Slater, describing a fight
in which he had taken pait» said, *
An* as 'e [his antagonist] come up, I ketcht 'im sioh a diasauir ' (1855). Cf. Dizenin', p. 120.
DOMEHT [doomunt], (1) sh, a convivial entertainment, public or private, — a term usea less commonly than '
Do,* which always means a pubHc
affair. — ^Newport. An old woman at Edgmond said— in explanation of having a friend to tea — '
It's moi b6oTthd'y to-dee, so wen
'&vin a bit on a doornenV (1874). See Do, p. 120.
(2) 9b. a commotion; a fuss. — ^Newport. 'Theer were a foine dooment Ven the Missis lost 'er kays — ^fit
to t5om the 'ouse insoid out, pretty
noigh.*
PAniATIOHy sh. fair dealing, as in work, play, &c. — Oswestry. ' Let*s have fairaiion ' is commonly said
when trickery is suspected. A writer
in Byeganes says, with reference to the term fairaiion^ ' More than thirty years ago, I remember an
old man who used the word oddly, as
for mstance, '* Let's have fairatum dooa" when those with whom he came in contact were not
inclined to deal above- board.'— p.
141, 1880.
7ESV-0WL, sb. Caprimulgus EuropcBuSy European Goat-sucker. — Bridonorth ; Wellington, Wrekin. Called
Fem-Owl^ because the bird frequently
lays its eggs within the shelter of a bunch of fern- fronds : it makes no nest. See Ohum-owl, p.
79, also Lich-fowl, p. 254.
FOBBED, part, past, tricked; imposed upon, -r- put oflf. — Wel-
UNOTON.
^Roderigo. Very well! go to ! I cannot go to, man; nor 'tis not very well : nay, I think it is scurvy, and
begin to find myself fobbed in \V—
Othello, IV. ii. 197.
FBEHCH WHEAT, eh,, ohsoh, 1 Polygonum Fagopprtim, Back-wheat. — Shrewsbury; Ellesmere. Qy. com.
Buck-whecU is now sown principally for
food for Pheasants. See below.
PBEHCH WHEAT-CAKES, o6«.? cakes made of meal obtained frt>m Buck-wheat. — Shrewsbury ;
Elleshere. French Wheat-Cakee were —
certainly, as made in 'EUaamer^— excellent tea-cakes, after the manner of crumpets, but less spongy; they
were brown and very thin, and
considerable skill was re<|iured in toasting them aright, it was said they should be turned nme times
during the process, in order to attain
the perfection of cri8i)ness. The art of making French Wheat-Cakes ceased in Ellesmere with the
death of an 'expert,' one Betty Morgan
— somewhere about 1846.
OIOOLIHO [gig'linl, adj. unsteady; tottering. — Pulverbatoh ; WoRTHEN. ' To'd^ better nod get up o' that
giglin' stool, athout yo' wanten yore
bwunz broke.' Cf. Kiggling, p. 233.
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(delwedd B4285) (tudalen 508)
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508 8HROP8HIRK WOBD->BOOIL SUPPLEMENT.
OILL []il-]» sb, a female feiret, or lat. — Atoham ; Wbllinoton. Qy. com. See Hob, below.
ODT-BnifO, sb,, obsoUA the track made by the horses attached to an old-fashioned thrashing-machine, in going
round and round, — ^nsoally under a
ooyering of thatch, supported on upright poles. — Wobtuen. Qy. com. Of. Oin-ring, p. 175.
OLATTHfO, part, mending gaps in hedges. — ^Wellington. See Olat (1), p. 176.
OOOSE AV' O08LIHG8, 0008E AF OVLLIEg, sb. pi. the yellow blossoms of 8(d%x caprSa. — ^Newpobt. See
Qtia an' GhUlies, p. 175, and auh
voce.
O008ET-O08LINOS, same as above. — Church Stbetton.
OEEEF UHNET, ab. Fringilla cMoris, the Green Finch.— Bridg- north ; Wellinoton. Gf. Linnet, on
following page.
OWEEIAH, sb, a silly person. — Oswbstrt, Welsh Border. A cor- ruption of the Welsh word * gwirion^ L e.
innocent. In the Authorised English
Version, the well-known passage ' innocent blood * is rendered in file Welsh by ' Owaed gwirion?
JLKlKrWOBD, sb. a proverbial word ; a by-word. — Much Wbnlock ; Wellington. Of. Nay-word, p. 298.
HOB, sb. a male ferret, or rat. — Atgham ; Wellington. Qy. com. See Oill, above.
EOMIHY, sb.^ var. pr. a homily. — Pulverbatch • Theer's no end to that felloVs story, 'e's jest like
somebody readin* a *om%ny.' See L (5)
in Grammar Outlines {consonants, &c.).
HULLOPE [uloa'p], interj. a loud call, used to arouse attention, as for instance, if a horseman rode up to a
house at night-fall, he would cry * '
Ullope I *— Bridgnorth.
IBOH ORASS, sb. Aira ccBspit6sa, Turfy Hair-grass. — ^Wellington, Weald-moors. See SniBzle-graas, p. 395.
JIOOLIHO, same as Oiggling, q. v., preceding page. — ^Worthbn.
JOHNNT 0' HEELE, sb. Ghenopodium album, white Goosefooi Called also John o* iSTerf*.— Wellington,
WscM-moors, For Nede, see Prior's
PopvXa,r Names of British Plants, p. 164, ed. 1870. See Lamb-tongue, on following page.
BZEP, V. H. and v. cu, obsols. to refrain from, or to restrain, tears, — ' 'E could 'ardly keep.* — ^Newport.
Shakespeare employs keep in the sense
of restraifi, when he makes Launce, speaking of his dog, say —
< and I came no sooner into the dining-chamber, but he
steps me to her trencher and steals her capon's leg: O, 'tis a foul thing when a our cannot keep himself in all
companies ! ' — Two (hnUe- men of
Verona, IV. iv. 11.
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GLOSSART OF ARCHAIC AND PROYINCIAIj WORDS, ETC. 509
EXTCHED [ketch't], part. adj. slightly bamt and stuck to the pan in boiling : said of milk, &c., — * The
milk's a bit ketcht this momin'.' —
Shrewsbtjbt; Newpoet. Of. Orowed (1), p. 188.
nrOW [noa], sb, an apparition ; a phantom. — * Miss Ann, theer's the know of a dog, Oh ! oh! ' —
Pulverbatoh, Dorringtan. See Bk. n.,
Folkhre, &a, * Ghosts.*
LAKE-WEES, sb. Polygonum ampkibiwn, amphibious Persicaria. — Wellington.
LAMB-TOHOTTE, sb, Chenopodium album, white Groosefoot. — Wsl- LINOTON, UcOan Constantine, See
Johnny-o*-Neelo.
LABD-BKIABS, sK pi, the long, tangled shoots of Rubus fnUicdeuSy the common Bramble, or Blackberry. The term
is chiefly applied to such ' briars'
as grow under trees. — ^Wellinoton, Wrehin,
LINE [lei'n], *ft., var. pr. a loin, as of meat. — Shrbwsbuet ; Pulver- batoh ; Newport. Qy. com. * Plase 'm, the
biitcher says *e canna cut a line o*
lamb— nutnin^ less than a quarter.'
' Kite, ... in short you'll be standing in your StaU an Hour and half hence, and a Gentleman will come by
with a Snuff-box in his Hand, and the
tip of his Handkerchief hanging out of his right Pocket ; he'll ask you the Price of a Line
of Veal, and at the same time stroak
your great Dog upon the Head, and callliim Chopper.
* But, Mercjr upon us ! Chopper is the Dog's name.' — Farquhar's Recruiting Officer, Act III. Scene — A
Chamber [Shrewsbury].
LnnTET, sb. Fringilla carduMia, the Goldfinch. — Colliert. Cf. Oreen-linnet.
LITTLE WHEEL, 8b., obs. the wheel used for spinning hemp and flax. — Pulverbatoh. Qy. com. Its principal
parts were, — ^The Stocks or Stand
(usually supported by three legs). The Wheel The Wheel-String, connecting the Wheel with the
Spindle. The Spindle and Wings. The
Head Standards, or two pillars, holding the Sj>indle between them. The Barrel The Distaff. The
Treadle. The spinner sat to this
wheel, which she worked by means of the treadle.
Bandle Holme says, * There are several sorts of these kinds of Spinning Wheeles ; some for standing or
going, a second sort for sitting, ....
is the sitting Wheelj generally called the Spinning Wheel, . . . being withal its appurtenances
not above a yard high.' He describes several
varieties of * Sitting Wheels,^ — Academy of Armory, Bk. III. ch. vi p. 286.
See sub voce Love-spinning, p. 263. See Bidstaf^ p. 118. See also Barrel (SuppUment). Cf. Long-wheel,
ibid.
LOHO-BAXJOHT, adj, a term which implies such length of arm, or commanding height, as would enable a person
to reach unusually fiEU* : it is
applied chiefly to men who ' can use their fista' — Wem. * So yo'n got well licked ! an' sarve yo'
reet. Whad a fule yo' mun be to g5o
wros'lin' an' fi^htin' wuth a good-ecienced, lung-raughi chap luce Tum Jones ! W'y yo' mun know as
yo' wun no matdi fur 'im.' See Baught,
pp. 345, 346.
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(delwedd B4287) (tudalen 510)
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510 SHEOPSHIRE WORD-BOOK. SUPPLEMENT.
LONG-WHEEL, sb., ohs. the wheel used for spmning wooL Qy. com. The principal parts of the long-wJied,
or * hig wheel,* as it was sometimes
called, were, — ^The Stock or Stand (usually supported by three legs). The Wheel. The Wheel-string,
connecting the Wheel with the Spindle.
The Spindle. The Wheel-pin. The wheel was
turned by the right hand of the spinner, with tne whed-pin. In her left hand she held a roll of wool as it
came from the cards [<][. v.], and
with finger and thumb she paid it out to the spindle, as with
back- ward step she walked to tne
wheel end, thus spinning her yam: with
slow, measured pace she then went forward to the spindle, and so, with l^e simultaneous motion of the
wheel, wound the yam on the ' broach *
at its extremity. All the operations of the long-whdd were conducted by the hand of the spinner
as she walked to and fro. Bandle Holme
says that ^the large Spinntng-Whede is called a long Wheehy or a going Whede, or a Woollen
Whede, because WoU is principally, nay
only spun at it, and at none of the other sorts of Wheels.' — Academy of Armory, Bk. ILL ch.
ti. p. 286. See »td> voce
Love-spinning, p. 263. See Wil-pin, p. 482 ; also Broach, p. 50. C£ Little-wheel, on preceding page.
KAOPIE WIDOEON, ab. Mergtut Castor^ the Groosander. — Severn Valley term. See Widgeon, p. 481.
KAKCH-MONTH, lEAT-MOlTTH, sbs. March and May seem to be the only month-names which obtain in the
composite form here given ; but March
is, of the two, lees ^nerally specified thus. — Pui<vsB- BATOH ; WoRTHEN. ' The com looks well now,
but 'ow itll stond the March'TAonth we
canna tell.* See The ' used before the names
of months,' in Grammar Outlines, p. xliz.
KABIOOLD-CHEESE, sb,, obe. a cheese made of skim-milk, having the petals of Marigold-flowers strewn
amongst the uncoloured curd, to which
they were believed to impart a quality of mellowness. A Mangold-cheese was about the thicluiess of
an ordinary cream-cheese : it was
eaten as soon as it became ripe. — PuIiVEBBATOH. See Nuvitu- ou8, for example, p. 305. See Sage-cheese,
and sub voce, p. 359.
MATTEELESS, adj.^obsoUA unconcerned; uninterested; indiffer- ent. — PuLVEBBATOH ; OswESTBY. Qy. com. *
Oh aye ! if yo'n do things fur 'er,
'er'U tak' on as maUerUss as if it didna belung to 'er.*
A contributor to Byegones, p. 324, 1879, calls attention to this word, sa^^ng that * it is rarely used
now-a-days.* He gives the example : *
Since her's lost her son, her*s gone qmte matterhss* He adds that ' Dif otter, litercJly the same, is
commonly used in Wales.*
MAT-MOHTH. See Maroh-month, above. — Pulverbatoh ; WoBTHEN ; Newpobt. * I aVays think yarbs is
best gethered i' the May-month, they
bin more juicy then than any other time.' See
example sub voce Yarbs, p. 492.
MEADOW BOUT, sb, Caltha palustrie, common Marsh Marigold. — Pulvebbatgh. Fr. bouton cFor. See Boots
(Supplemeni). See alao May-Flowers,
and sub voce, p. 274.
MILLEB, sb. the caterpillar of the Tiger-Moth. — Newport, Market
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(delwedd B4288) (tudalen 511)
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GLOSSARY OF ARCHAIC AND PROVINCIAL WORDS, ETC 511
Drayton. Cf. Tommy Tailor, p. 447. See Bk. XL, FdUdore, Ac, * Superstitioas Cures.'
HI8TAEV, pari, pasty mistaken, — 'To' bin midaen theer, T'm sartin.'— PuLVEBBATOH. Qy. com.
' Qlavd, I trow, goodwife, if I be not mistane. He seems to be with Peggy's beauty tane.'
Allan Bamsat, The Gentle Shepherd^ UL ii. p. 41«
See Taen, p. 428.
HISTOOK, pret foi part, pasty mistaken, — ' 'E'll find 'isself mistook, I doubt.' Com.
' Oassius. Then, Brutus, I have much miatook your passion.'
JvliuB CoBsaTf L iL 48.
Shakespeare uses both forms of the participle, 'mistook' and ' mistaken.' The former is properly the
iorm of the imperfect. In Icelandic
tdk is the imperfect, and tMnn the participle of taka. Note by WnjJAM Aldis Wright, M.A.
Milton employs ' mistook ' as a participle : —
* Too diyine to be mistook.* — Arcades, Song 1, 1. 4.
Of. Forsook, pp. 158, 159.
KIT, sb. a shallow tub, or other like vessel used for household pur- poses. Qy. com. Mit is generally used in
composition, as Butter- mit, —
Kneading-mi^. See for these pp. 59, 239.
HONK'S COWL, sb. Aeonitum NapeUus^ common Wolfs-bane or Monk's-hood [probably a garden plant! —
^Ludlow.
So called ' mm the resemblance of me upper sepal to the cowl of a nMmA;. '—Pbiob's Poptdar Names of British
Plants, p. 156, ed. 1870. Of. Cuckoo's
Caps [garden plant], p. 109.
KOTJVTAIlf FLAX, sb. SpSrgtda arv^nsis, Com Spuney. — Wteit LiKOTOir. The so-called Mountain Flax is
said * to pis'n the filds an' mak' 'em
all of a tether ' [a tangle of weeds].
MULLIH BRIDLE, sb. a kind of bridle with blinkers, used for cart-horses, — *tak the mtUlin bridle an'
bring up the owd mar^.' — Olee Hills,
Sidbury.
HAXJOHT [naut'], adj., obs. bad ; ill-flavoured ; distasteful — Pul- VBEBATOH ; WoRTHEif . * Ally 'w'eor'st'oe
got this tay throm ? I know right well
it inna throm Bratton an' Oakley, fur it's downright naugJU.'
'It is naught, it is naught, saith'the buyer: but when he is gone his way, then he boasteth.' — Proverbs xx.
14.
* Touchstone, Truly, shepherd, in respect of itself, it is a good life ; but in respect that it is a shepherd's
life, it is naught.* — As You Like
It, ni. ii. 15. .
See 2 Kings ii. 19—22.
HAXJOHTT, obs.'\ same as above : said of water, — 'it's very naughty waiter, it inna fit to drink, else theei's
plenty on it' [1834], — WoBTHEN,
Brockton. See, as for above, 2 Kings iL 19—22.
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(delwedd B4289) (tudalen 512)
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512 SHROPSHIRE WORI>-BOOK. SUPPLEMENT.
HOB, (1) ah. same as Blaekheaded-nob, q. v. (Supplement). — Ellbs-
(2) «ft. Leueiseas cSplicdue, the Chah.—Sevem VaUey term.
ITOBBLEE, sb. a bricklayer, who is handy at odd jobs, and does not work under a regular master. — Oswestby.
PLONOEB, PLTTH'OEB [plonj-ur*, plunj-url, «&. a long shaft used in trammel-net fishing. — Bridgnorth. While
the net is being dragged, a man in the
boat occupies himself continually Tnth plung-
ing the shafb into the river in order to scare the fish and sena
them into the net; whence the name *
plunger* given to the shaft, — ^the '
watermen ' call it a *plongerJ See Trammel-net, p. 451.
QUICK, QXnCK-IBOir, sb., obsoU. a smooth, hollow, cylindrical iron — tapering at the extremity — standing
on a curved foot-stalk set in a
circular base ; and heated by means of a red-hot heater, fitting into the cylinder — an Italian-iron. C!om.
The qxdch — ^in general use in former
days for ' gettine up ' most kinds of mils — ^waa indispens- able to the proper 'set * of the broad
muslin borders of those comely caps
worn by country-women, young and old, some fifty years ago. Such caps belong to the past, and the quidc
is passing — giving place to the
gauffering-irons, which are better adapted to the modem requirements of * little finlls.' The term
Quick, as applied to thia iron, is
probably due to the fact of its being quickly heatea.
QUICKEB, V. a., obsoU. to iron and ' set ' frills on a quicks — Shrbws- BURT. Qy. com. ' Now then, get on, an'
quicker the frills o' that
pillow-coat, — it'll be wanted w'en we make me bed.'
BEHCH [r'en'sh], v. a. to rinse. — Ellesmere. ' Now, look sharp
perpurgOf Etymologice, A.I>. 1595,
E. D. S., B. ziii. icel, hreima, to
rinse, cleanse.
SCBiEEN, sb. a bench with a high back and an arm at each end, an old-fashioned piece of kitchen furniture
for the fireside, — still in use.
Sometimes a box with a fialling lid constitutes the seat of the
screen, forming a useful receptacle
for clothes, &c. which require to be kept
aired.— Shrewsbury ; Newport; Ellesmere. Qy. com. Tuaser says —
* If ploughman get hatchet or whip to the skreene ' — using ekrfene in a sense equivalent to fireside. See
Plougk-Monday, and Note 90, ed. E. D.
S., pp. 180, 307.
Mx. Wilbraham says, * Skreen, s. A wooden settee with a very hi^h back, sufficient to skxeen those who sit on
it from the external air, was with our
ancestors a constant piece of furniture by all kitchen fires, and is still to be seen in the
kitchens of many of our old farm-
houses in Cheshire.' — Glossary, ed. A.D. 1820.
See SetUOy on following page.
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GLOSSARY OF ARCHAIC AND PROVINCIAL WORDS, ETC. 513
SETTLE, same as Screen. — Shrewsbury ; Bridgnorth ; Newport ; Ellesmere. This term Settle is becomiiig
unsettled. Screen is found to be
usurping its place, where the thing itself exists, which was aforetime known only as a Settle.
* Hoc aedile, A* lang-sedylle,' occurs in an English Vocabulary y zv. cent., in Wr. vocabs., vol. i. p. 197. Mr.
Wright glosses * lang-aedylle' as *
The long wooden seat with back and arms, ixmich is still called a aettlej
Of. SetlesB (1), and see 8uh voce, p. 370.
SHIQOLE, sb, any kind of long, tangled, floating water-weed. — Severn Valley term. See Sniggle, p. 395.
SOXJE, adj., pec. a term applied to a log of wood, or a lump of coal, that shows tardy burning qualities. —
Pulverbatch; Clee Hills. ' Ptit
tuthree cobbles roun^ this sour lump, or we sha'n 'aye a poor fire.'
STABTLET-BXJZ, sb. the common Cockchafer.— Colliery. See Blind- buzzard (1), p. 38; also Huz-buz, p.
219.
TETHEB, sb. a tau,fi;le, — as of weeds. — Wellington. See sub voce Mountain Flax {Supplement), Of. Tather (4),
p. 432.
TETHEBT, adj. said of water-weeds, or such things as from their nature are apt to become intertwined or
entangled, — *Them theor tethery
weeds.'— WELLINGTON.
TITTIVATE [tit'iVait], v. a. to smarten ; to make spruce. Com. ' That bonnet's as good as new, if yo'n
jest tittivate the trimmin' a bit'
TOM-PUDDIHQ, sb. the Little Grebe.— Bridgnorth, Severn Valley. See Douker, p. 123.
WIDDEBSHINS, adv., obs. 1 To go widdershins is to go the contrary way to the sun. — Pulverbatch, Condover. *
A' ganging witherahins roun and roun,'
says the author of Olrig Orange.
Jamieson gives several forms of this word, and amongst them,
* Widdershins* and * WitherBhins^^ with the definition, — * The contrary way, contrary to the course of the sun.' He
gives the derivation,
* A.8. wi^er, contra, Bunne^ sol ; or rather, Teut. weder-sins,
contrario mode'
See Bk. II., Folklore^ &c., * Superstitions concerning Birds.'
WTHTOS. See sub voce Barrel {Supplement).
WOOIrOAKDS. See Cards {Supplement). Qy. com.
' He beareth Sable, a Wool-Card^ Or the Card in its parts
is Blazoned thus, the Card-Board, Or ; the Leafe and List, Gules ; Teeth, Argent. Some call it a Cloath-Card.
* These are termed Wool~Card$j from their Carding of Wool, whose Teeth then are made short, and set thick
together for strength.' — Academy of
Armory, Bk. III. oh. vi. p. 286.
TATE, TET, sb. a gate. This old form still lingers on. in the com- position of Place-names, here and there in
Salop, but otherwise does
L L
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(delwedd B4291) (tudalen 514)
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514 SHROPSHIRE WORD-BOOK. SUPPLEMENT.
not now appear to exist, though probably it was at one time commoa enough in the County , as an independent
word.
' I wol do him to ))e deth ' and more despit ouere ; he schal hei^e be honged ' ri^t bi-fore
hire yUe, \rQ,t alle l^e segges of
\>e cite * schulle him bi-hold.*
William of PoUerne, 1. 3757
* ** 8uffre we," seide treuth • ** I here & se bothe,
How a spirit speketh to helle * & bit ynspere ^e ^cUis" '
Piers PLj Text B., pass, xviii. 1. 259.
* ^ate. Porta, janua.' — Prompt. Parv,
* A.S. geat; O.Sax. gat; O.Fris. iet; yat (gat), gate.' — Stbat. See examples in Place-Namea following.
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515
A SHORT LIST OF PLACE-NAMES.
The Bubjoined LM of Place^Names is simply intended to afford examples of Shropshire folk-speech in the
Shropshire nomenclature ; but it is
hoped that, though it pretends to nothing more than this, it will, as far as it goes, be found useful
to some and interesting to many.
Eeference to the Introdttdimi, p. xy, will shew that the record of ' Certain Place-names remarkably
pronounced ' entered into the scheme
of the Shropshire Word-Book.
ABBET-FOSEOATE is called Abbey Ferret (Shrewsbubt). Forrei is a corrupted form of Fore-yatey the y
having been lost in the course of c^s.
' This yeare and in the sayde moonthe of Marche 1582 the famus howse in the Abbe foryate in the towne of
Shreusberie sytuate by u ^eate bame
callyd the Abbotts bame was boyldid by one master Frynce Lawyar callid master Pryncs place
the foondac'on began in Marche 1578 so
was it ii^ yeares in buyldinge to hys greate ohardge, w* fame to hym and hys posterite for ev'.'
— Early Chronicles of Shrewabitry (
Taylor MS.), in Transactions of the Shropshire Archceo- logical and Natural History Society.
Speed, describing ' Shrowesbunr ' (early in 17th cent.), speaks of • Monkes Foreyate,—the Abbey Foregaie of
the present day.
See Yate, in Supplement,
ALBBIOHTOIT is called Aiberton [aibur'tn], a chapelry 3} miles N. Shrewsbubt. A nerson asking for
Albrighton, on the spot itself, would
be told that * uieer wuz no place o' that name thoorabouts I ' This has been preyed repeatedly. The
pronunciation of Albrighton is a yery
Shibooleth, — call it AibertoUy and its folk will at once recognize it (1876).
ALBBIOHTON b called Auberton [aubur'tn], a parish 5 miles S.E. Shiffnal. See L (3) in Grammar Outlines
{consonants , &c.)-
LL 2
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(delwedd B4293) (tudalen 516)
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516 SHROPSHIRE WORD-BOOK,
BAOLET-M00& is called Bagamore [bag-u'intu'] ; it lies N. Bas- CHURCU. See Moor, p. 287.
BOEEATTOir is called Bratton [br'at-n] ; it is about 9 miles N.W. Shbewbbubt.
BTJRWASTOir is called Bnrraton [buVat-n*], a parisli 7| miles N.E. LiTDLOW. C£. W (1) in Ghramzaar
Oatlines (eonsonanUt &c.}.
CALVEAHAZX is called Corra, a pansh S.K Whichurch. See Jack of Corra sub voce Jack (3), p. 222.
CABASOC is called Cwerdoo [kwur'*duk], Church Stretton. See W (4) in Orammar Outlines {conaonants,
&c.).
CAKDISTOir is called Carson [kaa-r'sn], a parish 6 miles W. Shrewsbury.
CLAVEBLET is caUed Clarley [klaa-rli'], a parish 4| mUes E. Bridonorth.
CLiniraTnirFOBD is called Clungmmas, a parish 7 miles E. Clun.
* Axes and Brummocks Say the bells of
Clungunncu.*
Speed gives the spelling ' Clongonaa * on his map of * Shropshyre,' dated A.D. 1610.
COLEMEBE is called Coomer, a mere rather more than 2 miles S.E. Ellesmere. See L (4) in Orammar Outlines
(ronaonaTt^d, &c.). See 8ub voce
Moss-balls, p. 289.
CONDOVER is called Conder [kun dur'], a parish 4 miles
S. Shrewsbury. See sub voce Hathom, p. 198 ; and Rope (1), p. 355.
‘1590. Sepbr. 1. Three quarts of whit, one pottel of sak, 5 quarts, 1 pint of Claret to present sargen Owen at his
sons at Condor vij' viij’.1 — 'Borough
Accounts, cited in OWEN and Blakeway's History of Shrewsbury, vol, i. p. 394.
Speed gives the spelling Condor for the Village, and Condover for the Hundred, in his map of ‘Shropshyre,' a.d. 1610.
DTTDDLEWICK is called Sidlick; a township, one mile K.W. W. Stottesden. See sub voce Beddins, p.
348. See Xf (13) in Orammar Outlines
[wyweU, &c.). Cf. W (1), ibid {cons(mants, &c.).
STJDLESTOir HEATH is caUed DillusoiL Teih; it lies KW. Ellesmere.
* Dilluson Teth, W*eer the divil wuz
starved to djeth,'
is a saying current in the neighbourhood of Dudleston, varied some- times by * ketcht Hs djeth.' See Yeth, p.
494. See also Starve sub voce Olem, p.
83.
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A SHORT LIST
OF PLACE-NAMES, 517
EABBIHOTON is called Terton [yur'-tn] ; a village S. Bridgnorth. See citation sub voce Edward, p. 131, from
Freeman's Old English nistory. See
also Y (2) in Oramxnar Outlines {coTisonanUj &c.)y and ng (6), under Q. — Ibid.
EECALL is called Areall [aa-r'kul], (1) a parish— High Erccdl— b^ miles N.W. Wellington. (2) A parish 6 J
miles N.W. New- port— Childs-^rca//.
(3) A wooded hul, a spur of the Wrekin on
the Wellington side, is known as the Ercall or Areall. See mb voce n&y, p. 199.
* High Arcally'' and * Childes Arcoll,* are giyen on Speed's map of ' Shropshyre,' A.D. 1610.
HAXrOHMOnD is called Hajrmond [ai-mun] — Haiighmond Hill, ffaughmond Abbey — 4 miles N.E. Shrewsbury.
* Fm gooin' fur a walk as fare as
Aymon* 'III— 66n'ee come alung?' See Bk. II.,
Folklore, &c., * Legends.'
HEATH HILL is called Tethill ; it is S. Newport, near Woodcote. A favourite place for * people's sports '
and picnics. See Teth, p. 494.
ULLESHALL is caUed Linsel flin-si'l], a parish 3 miles S.S.W. Newport. Linsel — ^itself an old
contraction of the ancient form
Linleahelle — still [1872] lingers amongst the aged people.
LTEEAL is called Lvn'tfa [iini'u'] ; it lies 8.E. Ellesmere, Flint- shire Border, Lynead is thought to be a
Border corruption of Llyn- hir ;
^ranted this, the popular form Lynea would be the less * cor- rupted ' of the two in regard of
sound. Speed has * LenycdV on his map
of * Shropshire,' A.D. 1610.
MOVTFOSD is called Monvert and Mnmfort [mon'vur't, mum-fur't], a parish 5 miles W.N.W. Shrewsbury. See Bk.
II., Folklore, &c., * Ghosts.'
OAKEN-GATES is called Wnken-yets, or ye&ts [wuk-n yaet-s or yi'-u'ts] ; a village S.E. Wellington. •
Allen o' Steppiton 'ad a 'orse stole
las' night, an' they bin after it 'orse an' ft^t, but if s at Wtdeen^ yets, or Ketley by this, an' underground '
[down the pits].
Speed, in his * Shropshyre Described,' speeJES of * Usiconia now Oken- yate neer unto the Wrekin^* and he marks
the place as Okenyate in his map of *
Shropshyre,' a.d. 1610.
See Tate in Supplement. See also W (3) in Oramxnar Outlines {consonants, &c.).
OFFOXEY is called XTnket ; it is E. Shiffnal, Staffordshire Border. See Unket (1), p. 460.
OSBASTON is called Trosbnn and Trospnn [tr'os'ban, tr^oe'pun], a township 6 miles S. Oswestry.
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(delwedd B4295) (tudalen 518)
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518 SHROPSHIRE WORD-BOOK.
0SWE8TST is called Ozestry and Odgestry, a town 20 miles N.W. Shrewsbury. Oswestry mas through a whole
gamut of pronunci- ations; the two
popular forms here given are, perhaps, the more familiar ones, and may be taken
respectively as typical of grade-
speech. Ozestry is a tolerably old form, since Churchyard uses
it:— * As Ozestry, a pretie towne full
fine, Which may be lov'd, be likte and
praysed both.*
Tfie Worthines of Wales, p. 97, 1. 24.
See Bye-gones for various spellings of Oswestry, 1880, p. 71.
PONTESFOSD is called Ponsert ; it is about 7 miles 8. W. Shrews- BURY. Ponsert Hill has a curious. Legend
attached to it. See Bk. II., FoUdore,
&c., * Legends.*
PULYEBBATCH is called Powderbatoh and Powtherbatch, or Powtherbitch [pou'dur^bach, pou'dhur'bach,
pou'dhur'bi'chl a parish 7J miles
S.S.W. Shrewsbury. The village, Church PiJwr-
batch, is usually spoken of as Churton, Castle Pulvertxitch, an
adjacent hamlet, is distinctively
called Powderhatch, Powtherbatch, or Pawther-
hitch by the peasant-folk thereabouts. The following lines exem- plify this, — they are from the pen of a
local verse-maker who flourished about
the year 1770, and celebrated the neighbourhood in song —
' Cothercot up o' the 'ill, Wilderley
down i' the dale ; Churton for pretty
girls. An* Powtherhitch for good ale.'
Speed, in his * Shropshyre Described,' mentions, under the Hundreds of Shropshire, * Potujlerbach- Church* and
^ Pouderbach-Cast/e ; * these places
appear respectively as * Church Poderbach ' and * Ponderbach * [sic] on his Map of * Shropshyre,' a.d.
1610.
Tne Domesday spelling of PulverbcUch is * Polrebec. ' See sub voce Knap(l).
QUEEDOC. See Caradoo.
BATLIirOHOPE is called Batohope [r'ach-up], a parish 7 miles N.N.E. Bishop's Castle.
* 1582-3. This yeare and the 17 of Marche one John Bawlyns of Ratly choppe in me countie of Salop beinge
a begger hangid hym sellffe in an old
coate or cowe house w**" a lease cast ov' a beame in the same cote and there was f ounde in hys
house bills of debt owynge hym for the
soom of 60/» or ther abouts a just reward by the dyvill uppon sutche dyssymbli'g beggers.'— ^ar/y
Chronicle of Shrewsbury (Taylor MS.),
in Transactions of the Shropshire Archceological and Natural History Society,
SHEAWABDINE is called Shraden [shr'ai-dn], a parish 6 miles W.N.W. Suk^wsbxjby.
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(delwedd B4296) (tudalen 519)
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A SHORT LIST
OF PLACE-NAMES. 519
SHBEWSBXTBT is called (1) Shrowsbury [shr'oa-zbr'i'] ; this is the classical and educated pronunciation.
* And also the seyd f^astolf hath borne grete charge and cost of alone made for the spede and helpe of the
yoyage whiche the Erie of Shraufysbury
now last made into the Kynges duchie of Guyenne.' — Paston Letters, A,D. 1455, vol. i. p. 3G6.
(2) Srowsbury [sr'oa-zbr'i'], the semi-refined pronunciation. See Sb in Grammar Outlines (consonants, &c.
).
(3) SoBebury [soa'zbr'i*], tho pronunciation of the country-folk, commonly. * I'll sen' yo' to Soseb ry '
implies, or did imply — the say- ing
may be obsolete now — a threat of legal proceedings, or the Ck)unty Gaol, appealing to the imagination as
something a little less awful than, *
m sen* yo' to Bottomley Bay"* [Botany Bay],
See Bw (11) in Grammar Outlines {vowels^ &c.), with reference to the three forms above.
(4) Soosebury [soo'zbrYl may be considered a vulgarism founded upon Shrewsbury =: Shroozbury, See Ew (6)
in Grammar Outlines {vowels, &c.);
also R (4). — ibtd.; (consonantSy &c.) for the last two forms.
STOTTESDEir is called Stotherton [stodh-ur'tn], apari^h 11 miles E.N.E. Ludlow. Stotherton is the word of
the f easantiy. Stottesden is
variously spelt, — Stottesdon, Stoddesden, and Stoddesdon, — without arbitrary rule, apparently.
WOOLSTASTON is called dosasson [oos-u'su], a parish 9^ miles S.S.W. Shbewsbury. See W (2), also L (4),
in Grammar Outlines {consonants,
&c.).
WOBFIELD is called Wmyil [wur-vU], a parish 3^ miles N.E. Bridgnorth.
YEO EDGE is called View Edge [vyoo], the ridge of an eminence S.W. Stokesay.
Mr. Thomas Wright notices this. He says, — * The lulls on the other side of the valley terminate in a point, on
which there are also traces of ancient
works, and which is called tiie IVo, or (as it is pronounced) View, EdgeJ* — A Pic-Nxc on the Longmynd,
in Once a Week, 30 June, 1866.
TOCKLETON is called Tooketon [yoki'tn] ; a village 6 miles W. Shrewsbury.
' 14 Edward iv. Sir John Lyngien Knt., "William Newport, John Leghton, Thomas Mytton, Esq**, and others
released and confirmed to Johanna
relict of Sir John Burgh, the manor of Watlesburgh, Hej'e, Loughton, Cardeston, Yokeiton,
Stretton, and two acres of, pasture in
Brodeshull for term of her life.' — Philups's History of Shrewsbury, p. 235.
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(delwedd B4297) (tudalen 520)
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520
THE BREAKING OP THE MERES.
Thb following * Note ' by the well-known Author of the Shrop- shire Flora, Lichen Flora, &c. will be
a valuable addendum to the Shropshire
Word-Book, as affording a trustworthy, scientific explana- tion of the phenomenon referred to under
Break, p. 48.
* As the Party proceeded along the margins of Ellesmere Mere, Bev. W. A. Leighton directed attention to a
singular phenomenon which occurs in
this lake in the month of Aug^t, and which in fact was then actually taking place. It is locally termed
the *' breaking-up of the water,"
and makes the Mere resemble the turbid state of boiling wort, when the process called ** breaking "
sets in. The water appears turbid, and
filled with innumerable minute bodies in a certain state of motion, like boiling. These bodies when yiewed
under a microscope are seen to be
minute globules, and each composed of a central agglomeration of spherical cellules, from each of which
cylindrical filaments radiate in every
direction. These filaments are broader near the central globule, and are attenuated gradually towards their
apices, and are divided into short
uniform cells, separated by distinct septa or joints, the cells being filled with chlorophyll of a glaucous or
verdigris-green colour. The mode in
which this minute plant reproduces itself has not been observed, but it is not improbable that some sort of
coigugation takes place as in the
coigugate confervse, when the chlorophyll of two adjacent ceUs is united into a third or new cell, which
forms the sporangium or winter- spore.
These winter- spores are doubtless the central spherical cells above mentioned, which sink to the bottom
of the lake and remain there dormant
until August, when they rise to the surface, and germination takes place by throwing out the radiating
filaments, which eventually again
produce the sporangia, which sink as before mentioned. Tins little Alga is well figured in English
Botany, tab. 1378, under the name of
Conferva echtnulcUaj from specimens sent in 1804 from a lake in Anglesea. Its proper systematic place is in
Both's genus Rivularia.'— Report of
the Severn Valley Naturalists' Field Club, August 6th, 1878.
There are other Meres and Pools in Salop, besides Ellesmere Mere, that are known to ' break.* White
Mere, Crosemere, Hawk- stone Mere,
Marton Pool (near Cherbui'y), Berrington Pool, for instance, are subject to the marvellous
troubling of their waters by some of
the microscopic algce during the month of August. See Salopian Shreds and Patches, vol. iv. p.
149. See CrnddUng in Supplement,
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(delwedd B4298) (tudalen 521)
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521
LAST WORDS.
The Shropshire Word- Book is at length finished, and very thankful I am that I have been spared to complete it
with my own hand. No one can be more
alive to the fact, than I myself, that it lies in the very nature of such a work to be found wanting ;
but I have done my best, at any rate,
to keep errors out of it. The publication of the Word- Book in successive parts, of course led to
the friendly light of criticism being
shed upon its pages, while yet much I'omained to be done before the work appeared as a whole. I have
endeavoured to turn this circum-
stance to good account in various ways, in the hope of making the
latter portion of the work better than
the former.
Through censorship it has-been brought to my knowledge that mis- apprehensions exist in the minds of some,
touching an important part of the
scheme of my work, and I am anxious to do away with this, if I can. An objection is raised that, by
assigning words to certain * Dis-
tricts,' it gives occasion for an assumption that they are not used
in other parts of the County. Now I
really thought I had made all safe
against such a false conclusion, in the opening paragraphs of the Introduction, p. xv ; but as I am told that
I have failed to do so, I am glad to
have this opportunity of asking my readers to bear in mind that, the names of the 'Districts* appended
to any word must not bo taken in a
restrictive sense, as if the word did not extend beyond their limits, but rather be accepted — to use the
words of Mr. Alex. J. Ellis — as *■ a most important authentication.* I have placed on
record as a simple fact that, in such
and such * Districts/ 1 have ascertained beyond ftU doubt that the words assigned to them
are used, or, if obsolete, were used ;
that is all.
It by no means follows that a word heard in a certain locality is therefore confined to it. Sometimes the
same word is found in localities widely
apart, and not in the intervening country ; sometimes the word is understood in one sense in a given
locality, and in a diverse sense in
another.
M M
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(delwedd B4299) (tudalen 522)
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522 SHROPSHIRE WORD-BOOK.
Bat all this notwithstanding, I have labelled with * where found' upwards of eleven thousand words, t. e.
Primary words and their sub -meanings,
the latter being in all respects treated as distinct words. Haying done so much, I hope to be
forgiyen my sins of 'omission' —
^which were indeed rather sins of ignorance — in cases where a word is assigned to only some of
the ' Districts ^ to which it may
happen to be * Common/
There are those who say, * Many of the so-called Shropshire Words are not peculiar to Shropshire.' I can but
reply to this, it would he a marvel if
they were, — I think there are very few words indeed *pecidiar ' to any one County, — and moreover the
object of my work was, as the Title-
Page sets forth, to make * A Glossary of the Archaic and Provincial Words, &c. used in Shropshii*e ; * —
this I have done, and no more to my
own entire satLsfaction, than to that of some, who, on the one side,
say 'the Shropshire Word- Book is too
full,' and on the other, 'there are a
good many omissions ! ' WeU, I hope we shall — mal-contents and
dis- contents — find a source of
satisfaction common to us all, in the reflec-
tion that, but for some such labours as these of mine, begun not
a moment too soon — ^albeit more than
eleven years ago — much that is now on
record would have been past recovery, and that the best of the old-time folk-speech.
Truly the perils of Word-collectors are great, and sometimes the conclusions of Word-readers are rash. * I
wyl * — as Bp. Latimer once said in a
Sermon — ' furnyshe a story ' to illustrate my point ; it is taken from a friend's letter to me : — ' You may
remember that in connection with the
word *J ClotU*^ you mention Bradley, the shoemaker's name. Richard Bradley, old John Bradley's son,
tells me that some one drew his
attention to the word and his name with it in your book ; he said at once, "Miss Jackson must be wrong, I
never heard a patch called a clout in
my life." But strangely enough a day or two (not more) after this, a boy called at Bradley's shop with a
pair of boots to be mended, and said,
*' Yo' mun piit a bit of a dout 'ere, an' another theer," pointing to the upper leather of the boot.'
The incident was altogether a singular one. Not only did the word clout bear the onus prohandi^ as recorded
by me, but Bichard Bradley, of whose
existence I was wholly unaware, turned out to be a son of the very Bradley whom I had mentioned,
and who did put clouts on boots and
shoes — as I well knew — long, long ago. As with * Clout,* so with other words ; they may be
— often are — ^repudiated on no better
ground than that he who denies their existence, or their special usage, has either not heard them, or not
heard them so applied. I myself have
often, in the course of my work, had doubts as to the authenticity of a word which I had not
actually heard, but I have never
discarded it without trying to find out whether I was justified in
doing
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(delwedd B4300) (tudalen 523)
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LAST WORDS. 52;i
so. In some cases I have waited weeks and months, nay years, for conclusiye evidence before deciding whether
such a word were * to be, or not to
be,* recorded in the Shropshire Word- Book.
There is a point to which I particularly wish to call attention, lest hereafter it should prove a vexcUa
qucestio. Two years have elapsed
between the issue of the first Part of the Word-Book and this last,
the work of compilation going on
meanwhile, whence has arisen the seem-
ing anomaly that certain dates in the book itself are subsequent to
that of 1879, which appears on the
Title-Page !
Something more there is to say, which must be said, — In completing the Shropshire Word-Book my health has
utterly failed, and — my work is ended
— I can do no more. But I experience this solace: Bk. II., Folklore, &c., so often referred to in
Bk. I. (the Word-Book), is well
provided for ; she who has undertaken to edit it, Miss Bume — some- time of Edgmond, Salop — ^is better
qualified for the task than I ; she
has a fuller knowledge of the subject, and has, besides, a greater
gift that way. Bk. II., under her
hands, promises to be a chaiming work ;
it is well> advanced, and will appear in due season — &u3ts
which give me much contentment, and
heal the smart of having been obliged to
relinquish that which I had hoped to do myself.
I am very grateful to all those who have so generously helped me in my self-imposed task. It has been an
established joke that I was * always
coming to words with my friends,' but I shall do so no more. That too is ended.
For myself, I have been ill so long now that, as I lay down this work of mine, finished, no more fitting
words occur to me, with which to close
it, than — Latis Deo,
Geoboina F. Jackson.
fVhite Friars, Chester, June, 1881.
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(delwedd B4301) (tudalen 524)
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BOi
CORRECTIONS.
P«ge
xiv,
line
4,
>>
xxziii,
»»
2 from foot y
»t
xxxvi,
If
21,
99
Ixxviii,
»>
Imtt,
>»
10,
i»
last.
It
27,
>t
8.
>f
31,
»»
14 from foot J
»»
62,
>>
14,
*i
442,
II
1,
»>
479,
II
7,
/or at read in
/or th (5) r«Ki til (3)
for Ldii reo^ Ixri
/or ba^e read bayte
/or givan read gwan,
for wan read wns
for Pouabry read Ponsbry
for [bun* or bund] rea<2 [buon* or
buond] for Cast (1) read Cast (3) /or leaping-pole read leapiag-bar for ereepiBg Plnme-tbistle read Field
Kadder for dvna f^ad dnnna for Warmynohamei read Warmyn-
ebaiiL's for -bowt rf-oc? -bout for Kaestur read Kaester for glatmosas read glatmosa for Polyporoiu iqnainosus read Polj-
poms, &c. for yawl read yaul for wawt rwrf want for -bowt rtfOKJ -bout /or ir^t^"*^^« read matronalis
bunoay: clay and taylor, tub chavcbb p&ess.
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B5237: 
