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(delwedd F0451) (tudalen a003)
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THE
ANCIENT CORNISH DRAMA,
EDITED AND TRANSLATED
BY
Mr. EDWIN NORRIS, Sec. R.A.S.
IN TWO VOLUMES.
VOL. I.
OXFORD :
AT THE UNIVERSITY PBESS.
M.DCCC.LIX.
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(delwedd F0452) (tudalen a004)
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CONTENTS,
VOL. I.
ORIGO MUNDl P. 2
The Temptation, p. 12. — Cain and Abel, 32. — Birth of Seth,
50. — Death of Adam, 64. — Noah, 70. — Abraham, 96. — Moses
and Pharaoh, 106. — David, I44. — Bathsheba, 158. — Solomon,
J 80. — Maximilla, 200.
PASSIO DOMINI NOSTRI P. 222
Journey to Jerusalem, 234. — Healing the Blind and Lame,
252. — Sunon the Leper, 258, — Caiaphas receives Judas, 268.
— The last Supper, 270. — ^The Betrayal, 308. — Peter denies
Christ, 324, 334. — Judas hangs himself, 342. — Jesus before
Pilate, 346.— Beelzebub goes to Pilate's wife, 372. — Tlie Con-
demnation, 418. — The Smith, 432. — Crucifixion, 438. — Terror
of Lucifer, 462. — Descent from the Cross, 466.
VOL. II.
RESURREXIO DOMINI NOSTRI P 2
Imprisonment of Nicodemus and Joseph, 8. — Harrowing of
Hell, 10. — Soldiers guard the Tomb, 28 Resurrection, 34. —
Soldiers inform Pilate, 48. — The three Maries at the Tomb,
54. — Mary Magdalene informs the Apostles, 70. — Disciples
going to Emmaus, 94 Thomas's Unbelief, 70, 102. — Appear-
ance of Jesus, n6. — Death of Pilate, 120. — Ascension, 178.
NOTES P. 203
GRAMMAR P. 217
Letters, 219. — Articles, 228. — Substantives, 228. — Adjec-
tives, 238. — ^Numbers, 239. — Pronouns, 242. — Verbs, 257. —
Irregular Verbs, 282 Adverbs, 289. — Prepositions, 296. —
Conjunctions, 302. — Construction, 305.
ANCIENT VOCABULARY P. 309
APPENDIX P. 437
NAMES OF PLACES mentioned in the Work P. 473
a 2
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(delwedd F0453) (tudalen a005)
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PREFACE.
The three Dramas
contained in these
volumes constitute the most important
relic known to exist of the Celtic dia-
lect once spoken in Cornwall. They are
of greater amount than all the other re-
mains of the language taken together;
and the only other Cornish composition
left of the same antiquity, the poem of
Mount Calvary, is barely equal to one-
fourth of their extent. It will be under-
stood, as a matter of course, that quantity
and antiquity are here the chief elements
of value, and that, apart from some evi-
dence of the condition and culture of the
Cornish Celts of the fourteenth or fifteenth
century, the term important applies to the
language only ; in regard to the matter,
there is nothing in these Dramas that
may not be found in such as have been
printed in English, French, and Latin,
under the designation of Mysteries, or
Miracle-plays.
The object of the Editor in undertaking
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(delwedd F0454) (tudalen a006)
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vi PREFACE.
this work was simply to preserve from ob-
scurity and possible destruction the most
considerable relic of the language, existing
in a single manuscript, which had not been
consulted for perhaps a century, or since
the language had ceased to be spoken in
the more remote districts of the county.
But after reading a few lines only, he be-
came aware that it would be impossible to
produce a text having any pretence to
correctness, without knowing something of
the language ; because some letters were
occasionally doubtful, and the divisions of
the words frequently uncertain. He was
therefore induced to study it by the help
of Lhuyd's Grammar and the Vocabulary
printed by Pryce, using as his text-book
Jordan's " Creation" with the English ver-
sion. Subsequently, by the kindness of the
Rev. R. Williams of Rhydycroesau, he ob-
tained a copy of the " Mount Calvary,"
which he had been unable to purchase,
although he had eagerly sought for it
during several months ; and it was his rare
good fortune, that Mr. Williams had col-
lated this copy with the original manu-
script in the British Museum, correcting
the numerous errors which so seriously im-
pair the value of the printed edition.
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(delwedd F0455) (tudalen a007)
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PREFACE. vii
In preparing the manuscript for the press
the Editor translated each line as he tran-
scribed it; and finding the result to be
better than he anticipated, he thought it
might add to the interest of the publication
to print his version opposite the text. He
had made the translation like a school
exercise, word for word, without attending
in any way to English idiom ; and he has
printed it as he made it, only correcting
mistakes of the earlier portions, by the
help of the increased knowledge acquired
as he went on with his work, and altering
the diction here and there, where it was
absolutely necessary to do so, if he would
be understood. He is aware that many
errors are still left, and he would wish to
ascribe them to the tentative nature of a
translation made from an uncultivated and
forgotten language, which was to be ac-
quired chiefly from faulty versions made by
unlearned men, who lived when it was
barely a shadow of what it had been ; some
of these errors are corrected in notes com-
mencing at page 203 of the second volume.
He is afraid that the piecemeal way in
which he has proceeded will be too visible
to Celtic scholars, who will find occasion-
ally a want of that precision which ought
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(delwedd F0456) (tudalen a008)
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viii PREFACE.
to be found in a literal translation. Not
being himself a Celt, nor acquainted with
more than the rudiments of any other
Celtic language, working too at inter-
vals of leisure snatched from engrossing
occupations, he is conscious of having
ventured somewhat rashly ; he has marked
many lines of which his rendering is doubt-
ful, and he ought, perhaps, to have ex-
tended the mark of doubt to many others.
The number of such passages would have
been greater if he had not had the kind
assistance of the Rev. R. Williams. That
gentleman has long studied the language,
and has nearly completed a Cornish Dic-
tionary, which will include a comparison
of all the Celtic dialects. Mr. Williams
carefully read over the proofs as they
came fi'om the printer, and made very
many important corrections, which the
Editor has much pleasure in gratefully
acknowledging. He also wishes here to
express his thanks to Th. Aufrecht, esq.,
who collated every line with the original
manuscript, and furnished many valuable
suggestions ; without his conscientious aid
this work could not have been completed,
A short time after the whole of the text
and version had been printed off, another
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(delwedd F0457) (tudalen a009)
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PREFACE. ix
copy of the Dramas, with Keigwyn's lost
version, was added to the Bodleian Library,
as mentioned in the Appendix, at p. 439.
The Editor has not been able to examine
this new discovery ; but he hopes that some
philologer will collate it with the present
edition, and publish the result. He has no
doubt that it will furnish some corrections
to this translation ; but from a view of a few
passages that have been forwarded to him
at his request, he fears it will not clear up
many of the difficulties he has met with in
the work.
A Sketch of Cornish Grammar follows,
which the Compiler hopes will help a stu-
dent in reading the text. This is the only
object of its publication; no pretence is
made to a scientific grammatical treatise, as
in all probability no one will make use of it
who is not already acquainted with Welsh
or Armorican.
The Grammar is followed by an alpha-
betically arranged Edition of the ancient
Vocabulary in the British Museum, referred
by the Count de la Villemarque, on un-
known authority, to A. D. 882, but which
Zeuss much more certainly dates in the
thirteenth centur} though it was very pro-
bably copied from an older original. The
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(delwedd F0458) (tudalen a010)
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X PREFACE.
Editor has inserted in it all the notes of
Zeuss, and the kindred forms of the other
Celtic languages which accompany Zeuss's
edition, printed in the Grammatica Celtica ;
he has further added any thing which oc-
curred to him in the way of illustration, and
in this he has availed himself of many valu-
able suggestions communicated by the Rev.
R. Scott, D.D., Master of Balliol, and of
several notes by the Rev. R. Williams.
An Appendix, consisting of some account
of what is yet extant of the literature of the
Cornish language, together with a notice of
the composition, metre, and representation
of the Dramas, and some observations on
the Celtic languages generally, follows the
Vocabulary. The Volumes are closed by a
Paper upon the Names of Places mentioned
in the Work, which is due to the antiqua-
rian research and local investigations of E.
Hoblyn Pedler, Esq., the Historian of the
Anglo-Saxon Episcopate of Cornwall.
In conclusion, the Editor has to express
his grateful acknowledgments to the Dele-
gates of the Oxford University Press, for
their adoption of the Work.
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(delwedd F0459) (tudalen a011)
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XI
Keference is made
to passages in the Work by the
letters O, T>, and R, for the three Dramas respectively.
(Origo), and R (Resurrectio), for the first and last are
ob\-ious ; D is used for the Passio Domini, because P is
used by Zeuss in referring to the poem of Mount Calvary,
also called Passio Domini.
The numbers inserted throughout on the left margin
of the text denote the folios of the original manuscript.
The manuscript has been altered in a few passages by
a subsequent possessor, who has also inserted some
stage directions here and there. When the original
words are visible, the alterations are given at foot, with
the mark B ; an accent in the text, as at ' ebron nef','
O i8, shews what is included in the intended erasure ;
when the original words cannot be seen, the alteration
is put in the text in Italics (see D 1057, 2508). The
stage directions of the subsequent possessor are printed
between brackets (see p. 4), and where they are ob-
viously wrong, no translation is given (see p. 17).
Very doubtful renderings are marked by a dot at the
beginning of a line, as at O 127. Words in Italics are
supplied to make sense, as at 37. In a few cases
where the English idiom required a departure from the
line-for-line translation, as at 477, the second line
does not begin with a capital letter.
Very few capital letters occur in the manuscript,
and those which appear are very nearly all in the first
Drama. They seem to be used capriciously, being
foimd in mere particles, and sometimes even at the end
of a word, as in mA, O 1832, gurA, O 1834, and nA,
D 315. This has been carefully followed in printing :
indeed the only cases in which any departure fi-om the
text has been allowed is in the division of words, and
in the insertion of an apostrophe, as is practised in
Welsh and Armoric, in cases where two words are made
one by the omission of a vowel.
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(delwedd F0464) (tudalen 001)
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OEDINALE DE OEIGINE MUNDI.
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(delwedd F0465) (tudalen 002)
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01i». HIC INCIPIT
ORDINALE DE ORIGINE MUNDL
DBUS PATER 02Jin
tas a nef y'm gylwyr
formyer pup tra a vyt gvrys
Onan ha try on yn gvyr
en tas ha'n map ha'n spyrys
ha hethyv me a thesyr S
(Jre OY grath dalleth an beys
y lauaraf nef ha tyr
bethens fbrmyvs orth ov brys
^lemmen pan yv nef thy'ii gwrys
ha lenwys a eleth splan , 'o
ny a yyn formye an bys
par del on try hag onan
an tas ha'n mab h^'n spyrys
pur ryel yn sur certan
an re-ma yv oberys '5
del yynsyn agan honan
yx\ secund dyth y fynna
gruthyl ebron net' hynwys
rag ythevel thy'm bos da
yn kynsa dyth myns vs gvrys »«>
bethens ebron dreys pup tra
rak kvthe myns vs formyys
rak synsy glaw a wartha
the'n nor veys ipay fe dyllys
* This stanza is written on the fly-leaf by a subsequent
\\md, and rather illegibly. It may not have formed a part
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(delwedd F0466) (tudalen 003)
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03HERE BEGINNETH
THE DRAMA
BEGINNING OF THE
WORLD.
GOD THE FATHER.
The Father of Heaven I am called,
The Creator of all things that are made ;
One and three we are in truth,
The Father, and the Son, and the Spirit ;
And this day I desire S
By my grace to begin the world.
I say, Heaven and Earth
Be they created by my judgment.
Now when heaven is made to us,
And filled with bright angels, lo
We will create -the earth,
Like as we are three and one.
The Father, and the Son, and the Spirit ;
Very royal, sure and certainly
These are wrought, >S
As we ourselves would.
On the second day I will
Make the sky called heaven ;
For it appears to me to be good
All that was made on the first day. 20
Let the sky be above all things.
To cover all that is created,
To keep the rain above.
That it may be dropped on the face of earth.
of the original piece.
L. 18. an ebron B.
B 2
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(delwedd F0467) (tudalen 004)
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04BEGINNING OF
yn tresse dyth dybarth gvraf "*S
yntre an mor ha'n tyryow
hag yn tyr gorhenmennaf
may tefo gveytli ha losow
pup gvethen tefyns a'y saf
ov ton hy frvt ha'y delyow 3°
ha'n losowys erbyn haf
degyns has yn erberow
yn peswere gvreys perfyth
the'n beys ol golowys glan
h^aga hynwyn y a vyth 35
an houl ha'n lor ha'n stergan
my a set ahugh a*i^ gveyth
yn creys a'n ebron avan
An lor yn nos houl yn geyth
may rollons y golow splan 4o
yn pympes dyth me a vyn
may fo formyys dre ov nel
bestes puskes hag ethyn
tyr ha mor the goullenwel
rag y whyrvyth an tyrmyn 45
drethe may fether the wel
thethe me a worhemmyn
encressyens ha bewens pel
Hie descendit Deus de pul/pUo et dicit Detis \hic ludit
Lucifer de celo]
hethyw yw an whefes dyth
aban dalletheys gonys 5o
may rug nef mor tyr ha gveyth
bestes puskes golowys
gosteyth thy'mo y a vyth
kekemys vs ynne gvreys
map den a bry yn perfyth 55
me a vyn y vos formyys
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(delwedd F0468) (tudalen 005)
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05"THE WORLD. 5
On the third day I make a separation as
Between the sea and the lands,
And I command in the earth
That trees and plants grow ;
Let every tree grow from its stem
Bearing its fruit and its leaves, 3°
And let the plants against summer
Produce seed in gardens.
On the fourth, be made perfect
To all the earth bright lights^
And their names they shall be 35
The sun, and the moon, and the stars ;
I place them over the trees
In the midst of the sky above ;
The moon in night, the sun in day
That they may give their shining lights. 40
On the fifth day I will
That be made by my power
Beasts, fishes, and birds,
Earth and sea to fill ;
For the time shall arrive 45
• That these shall be improved by them^
To them I command
That they encrease and live long.
Here God comes chum from the upper stage, and
God says : — [Here Lucifer from hewcen appea/rs
on the staged]
To day it is the sixth day
Since I began to work, 5°
That I made heaven, sea, land, and trees,
Beasts, fishes, lights ;
Obedient to me they shall be,
As much as is in them made.
The son of man of clay perfectly 55
I will him to be created^
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(delwedd F0469) (tudalen 006)
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06BEGINNING OF
Hicfadat Adam et elicit Deus
Del ony onen ha try
tas ha map yn trynyte
ny a'd wra ty then a bry
haval d'agan face whare , 60
ny a whyth in thy vody
gperys [may] hylly bewe
ha'n bewnans pan y'n kylly
the'n dor ty a dreyl arte
\ Adam saf yn ban yn clor 6s
ha treyl the gyk ha the woys
preder my the'th whul a dor
haval they'm a'n pen the'n troys
myns vs yn tyr hag yn mor
warnethe kemer galloys 7©
yn bys-ma rak dry ascor
ty a vew bys may fy loys
Adam del of dev a ras
bos gvythyas a wrontyaf thy's
War paradys my a'th as IS
saw gvra vn dra a'n govys
War hup frut losow ha has
a vo ynny hy tevys
saw a'n frut ny fyth kymmyas
yw pren a skeyens hynwys
Mar a tybbryth a henna
yw hynwys pren a skyens
yn mes alemma ty a
hag a fyth marow vernens
ADAM
A das map ha spyrys sans 85
gorthyans the'th corf wek pup pry s
ow formye tek ha dyblans
ty ru'm gruk pur havel thy's
L. 62. may is a restoration : there is a hole in the manu-
80
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(delwedd F0470) (tudalen 007)
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07HE WORLD. 7
Here let him niake Adami, and God aays : —
As we are one and three,
Father and Son in Trinity,
We make thee, man, of clay>
Like to our face, presently. 60
We breathe into thy body
A spirit that thou mayest live,
And the life when thou losest it.
To the earth thou shalt turn again.
•Adam, stand up in glory, 65
And turn to flesh and to blood ;
Think I have wrought thee of earth.
Like to me from the head to the feet.
All that is in land and in sea
Over them have power ; ?o
In this world to bring oifspriiig
Thou shalt live till thou be grey.
Adam, as I am the God of grace,
To be a keeper I grant to thee,
Over paradise I send thee ; ?5
But do thou remember one thing :
Above all fruit, herbs, and seed.
Which are therein, it hath grown,
But of the fruit there is not permission ;
It is named the tree of knowledge. So
If thou eat of that.
Which is named the tree of knowledge,
Out of this place thou shalt go.
And shalt die the death.
ADAM.
O Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, 8S
Worship to thy sweet body always ;
Me create fair and bright
Thou hast done me, very like to thee.
script, which goes through the leaf to linea 1 1 1 and 1 1 3.
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(delwedd F0471) (tudalen 008)
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08BEGINNING OF
rag governye ow bewnans
yraa loer orth both ow brys 90
pur luen yma thy'm ow whans
a'n ven cowethes ordnys
[ient adparadiswn]
DEUS I*ATE!R.
Nynsyw da yn pur certan
bones vn den y honan
heb cowyth py cowethes t>5
ke growet war an dor gvlan
ha cosk byth na saf yn ban
er na fo dowethes gvres
Mt Adam dormiet. hicfacit deus euam et ducet earn
ad Adam et accipiet per manus suas. et dicit
deus pater : —
Scon a orian a'th asow
my a wra thy 'so parow «oo
pup vr ol rag the weres
Adam ottensy vmma
ry hanow thethy hy gvra
the'th par rak hy kymmeres
EVA
arloth dev a'n nef an tas 165
kepar del os hien a ras
venytha gorthyys re by
del russys moy a'n govys
worth ow formye haval thy's
vn dev os ha persons try
[eva exit]
ADAM
a das ty r[e] thros
thy'mmo
ascorn a'ra kyk [haj corf o
par may fo ow howethes
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(delwedd F0472) (tudalen 009)
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09THE WORLD. 9
To govern my life
The will of my mind is enough. 9to
Very great is my want to me
Of the true help-mate ordained.
GOD THE FATHER.
It is not good, very certainly >
That a man should be alone
Without a fellow or a help-mate. 95
Go, lie on the earth clean,
And sleep, nor ever stand up,
Until a help-mate be made.
And Adam shall sleep : here God makes Eve, and
shall lead her to Ada/m, and he shall take her hy
his hands ; and God the Father says : —
Forthwith from one of thy ribs,
I make to thee an equal. 100
Every hour to help thee ;
Adam, behold her here ;
Do thou give a name to her,
To take her for thy equal.
EVE.
Lord, God of heaven, the Father^ 105
As thou art full of grace,
For ever be worshippeds
As thou hast done much of regard.
By creating me like to thee.
One God tliou art, and persons three. iio
ADAM.
Father thou hast brought to me*
Bone of my flesh and body, it was
Meet that she be my companion ;
B3
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(delwedd F0473) (tudalen 010)
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10 BEGINNING OF
my a's henow vyrago
an tas dev gorthyys re bo "5
a'sordnes thy'm rag ov les
DEUS PATER
2*. Adam otte an puskes
ythyn a'n nef ha'n bestes
kefrys yn tyr hag yn mor
ro thethe aga hynwyn 120
y a thue the'th worhemmyn
saw na byhgh y war nep cor
ADAM
yt'hanwaf bugh ha tarow
ha margh yw best hep parow
the vap den rag ymweres 125
gaver yweges karow
daves war ve (?) lavarow
hy hanow da kemeres
lemyn hanwaf goyth ha yar
a sensaf ethyn hep par 130
the vygyens den war an beys
hos pay on colom grvgyer
swan bargos bryny ha'n er
moy drethof a vyth hynwys
y rof hynwyn the'n puskes 13s
porpus sowmens syllyes
ol thy'm gustyth y a vyth
lenesow ha barfusy
pysk ragof ny wra skvsy
mar corthyaf dev yn perfyth «4o
DEUS PATER
Rag bones ol tek ha da
in whed dyth myns y w formyys
L. 114. See the Vulgate, Gen. ii. 23: " haec vocabitUr
Virago •" also the Chester Mystery of the " Creation and
Fall :»
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(delwedd F0474) (tudalen 011)
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THE WORLD. 11
I name her Virago ;
The Father God be worshipped "5
Who has appointed her to me for my benefit.
GOD THE FATHER.
Adam, behold the fishes,
The birds of heaven, and the beasts,
Equally in land and in sea j
Give to them their names, "o
They will come at thy command>
But do not mistake them in any sort.
ADAM.
I name cow, and bull^
And horse, it is a beast without equal
For the son of man to help himself; «»s
Goat, steer, stag,
• Sheep, from my words
To take their names.
Now I name goose and fowl>
I hold them birds without equal «3o
For food of man on the earth ;
Duck, peacock, pigeon, partridge,
Swan, kite, crows, and the eagle
Further by me are named.
I give names to the fishes, «3S
Porpoises, salmons, congers.
All to me obedient they shall be ;
Ling and cod,
A fish from me shall not escape,
If I honour God perfectly. >4o
GOD THE FATHERk
For that all is fair and good,
In six days all that is created,
" Therefore she shalbe called I wisse
Viragoo nothinge amisse." Vol. I. p. 25, 1843.
L. 118, nev B.
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(delwedd F0475) (tudalen 012)
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1^ BEGINNING OF
Aga sona ny a wra
may fe seythves dyth hynwys
hen yw dyth a bowesva MS
the pup den a vo sylwys
yn dysquythyens a henna
ny a bowes desempys
Twic iet deus pater ad celum et postea diaholus
tanquam serpens loquitur ad euam in arbore
sdentie et dicit male ad euam.
SERPENS S. DEMON
Eua prag na thuete nes
rag cous orthyf ha talkye J50
vn dra a won a'n gothfes
a russe the thythane
beys vynytha y wharthes
rag ioy ha rag lowene
kepar yn beys ha dves 15s
the'n nef grasses yskynne
EUA
pan dra yl henna bones
lauar thy'mmo vy wharre
DEMON
Eua ny allaf methes
rag ovn ty tho'm kuhuthe i6o
EUA
Drefen ow bones benen
ty a yl thy'm daryvas
Awos travyth ny wrussen
venytha the gvhuthas
DEMON
A'n nef my a theth yn nans 1 65
eua wek gvella the cher
frut a'n wethen a skyans
dybbry byth na borth danger
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(delwedd F0476) (tudalen 013)
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THE WORLD. 13
Bless them we will ;
Let it be called the seventh day.
This is a day of rest i4S
To every man that may be saved j
In declaration of that
We will rest forthwith^
Then God the Father shall go to heaven; and
afterwa/rds the Devil, like a serpent, speaks to
Eve in the tree of knowledge, omd he says wick-
edly to Eve : —
THE SERPENT OR DEVIL.
Eve, why dost thou not come near,
To speak with me and talk ? 150
One thing which I know, if thou knewest it,
It would amuse thee ;
For ever thou wouldst laugh
For joy and for mirth ;
As thou earnest into the world, , 155
To heaven thou wouldst ascends
EVE.
What thing can that be ?
Tell me directly.
DEVIL.
Eve, I cannot speak,
For fear thou shouldst accuse me. j6o
EVE.
Because I am a woman.
Thou mayest make it known to me \
Because of any thing I would not
Ever accuse thee.
DEVIL.
From heaven I come now 165
Sweet Eve, to better thy condition;
The fruit of the tree of knowledge
Eat, never make a difficulty.
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(delwedd F0477) (tudalen 014)
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14 BEGINNING OF
2^. BUA
ifystyn alemma duwhans
worthyf na gous na moy ger « 7°
a'y frut dybry n'ym bes whans
(Ires dyfen ov arloth ker
DEMON
A venen assos goky
na gresyth thu'm lauarow
attebres ty ha'th worty •75
a*n wethen ha'y avalow
y fyeugh yn surredy
yn vr-na avel dewow
eua dus nes kemer y
rag thy's ny lauaraf gow i8o
EUA
Neb a'm gruk vy ha'm gorty
ef a ruk agan dyfen
Aual na wrellen dybbry
na mos oges the'n wethen
DEMON
My a wor prag o ganso 185
rag by bos gvethen a ras
a'y frut by nep a theppro
a wovyth cvsyl a'n tas
tra ny vyth yn pow adro
na wothfo the tharryvas '9°
mvr a foly ew thotho
an keth frut-ne mar a'n gas
EUA
A meys of ow predyry
pandra allaf the wruthyl
An avel orth y dyrry »9S
rag ovn genes bones gyl
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(delwedd F0478) (tudalen 015)
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THE WORLD. 15
Hasten hence quickly ;
Speak not another word to me ; « 7^
I have no wish to eat of its fruit,
Through the prohibition of our dear Lord.
DEVIL.
woman, thou art a fool.
That thou believest not my words.
If thou didst eat, thou and thy husband, 175
Of the tree and its fruits>
Ye should be of a surety
In that hour like gods*
Eve, come near, take it.
For I do not tell thee a lie* 180
EVE.
He who made me and my husband,
He did forbid us
That we should not eat the fruit,
Nor go near to the tree.
DEVIL.
1 know how it was with him ; 185
Because it is a tree of grace,
Of its fruit whoever eats
Will know the counsel of the Father.
There is not a thing in the country round
Which he will not know how to discover. 190
It is a great folly in him.
If he leaves that same fruit.
EVE.
I am outside [puzzled] thinking,
What I may do.
As to plucking the apple, 195
For fear of being deceived by thee.
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(delwedd F0479) (tudalen 016)
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16 BEGINNING OF
DEMON
torr'e yn ow feryl vy
heb hokye fast haue ydo
hajj inweth gvra the'th wortv
may tebro ef annotho i&o
EUA
Stop an wethen trogha'n dor
may hyllyf aga hethes
DEMON
my a fa saw dus yn clor
torr'e ha ke the gerthes
Time [eva\ accipiet ponvwm et d^eret cud adorn et
dicit Eua
EUA
Adam ystyn thy'm the thorn 205
tan henna theworthef vy
dyson hep whethe the gorn
dysempys gvra y thybry
[adam iet ad paradisuni]
ADAM
lauar thy'mmo ty venen
an frut pie russys tyrry a 10
mara pe a'n keth eghen
dyfynnys orthyn ny
EUA
My pan escn ov quandre
clewys a'n nyl tenewen
vn el ov talleth cane *iS
a vghaf war an wethen
ef a wruk ow husullye
frut annethy may torren
moy es dev ny a vye
bys venytha na sorren. 220
L. 219. This has been partly erased by B, and the line
altered to auell duow ny a vye, " like gods we should be."
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(delwedd F0480) (tudalen 017)
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THE WORLD. 17
DEVIL.
Pluck it at my risk,
Without delay quickly have done it ;
And also make to thy husband.
That he may eat of it. aoo
EVE.
Bend the tree towards the ground,
That I may reach them.
DfiViL.
I will do so, but come on the spot :
Gather it and go thy way.
Then she shdU gather the apple, and carry it to
Adam; and Eve says: —
Adam, reach me thy hand : aoS
Take that from me.
Quietly without blowing thy horn,
Eat it immediately.
ADAM.
Speak to me, thou woman.
Where didst thou gather the fruit ? *>o
Was it of that same sort
Which was forbidden to us ?
EVE*
When I was walking aboutj
I heard on one side
An angel beginning to sing aiS
Above me on the tree*
He did advise me
That I should gather fruit from it ;
Greater than God we should be,
Nor be troubled for ever. aao
L. 204. yn clor seems to imply something like the meaning
g^ven, but I have no authority for it ; perhaps this would be
the best reading in 1. 65, supra ; see also 1. 2719.
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(delwedd F0481) (tudalen 018)
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18 BEGINNING OF
ADAM
A out warnes drok venen *
worto pan wrussys cole
rag ef o tebel ethen
neb a glewsys ov cane
hag a"'n doro the anken *H
mars ny a wra ymdenne
prederys peb a'y worfen
fettyl alio gorfenne
BUA
taw an el a bregewthy
a'n wethen hag a''y vertv 230
a'y frut a wrello dybry
y fethe kepar ha dev
ADAM
3». thy'so ny vennaf cresy
na the'th fykyl lauarow
pysyn may fyyn servysy 33S
th'agan arluth hep parow
rag neb a'n gruk ny a bry
a ros thy'n defennadow
frut na wrellen the thybry
a'n wethen hep falladow »4o
EUA \
Aba[n] na vynta cresy
ty a kyl ow herense
vynytha hedre vywy
vrama ny'm gvelyth arte
ADAM
eua kyns del vy serrys 245
my a wra ol del vynny
drov e thy'mmo dysempys
ha my a ra y dybry
Lines 225 and 237. Rare use of w as affix for the first per-
son plural : it is the regular Welsh form.
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(delwedd F0482) (tudalen 019)
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THE WORLD. 19
ADAM.
Oh ! out upon thee, wicked woman,
That thou listenedst to him :
For he was an evil bird
Whom thou didst hear singing,
And will bring us to sorrow, »*5
Unless we do refrain.
Let every one think on the end of it,
How it can end.
EVE.
Peace ! the angel preached,
Of the tree and of its virtues, a3<*
Of its fruit he who should eat
Would be like a god.
ADAM.
I will not beheve thee,
Nor thy vain words ;
Let us pray that we may be servants . aas
To our Lord without equal.
For he who made us of clay
Gave us prohibitions.
That we should not eat the fruit
Of the tree, without fail. »4o
EVE.
Since thou wilt not believe,
Thou shalt lose my love.
Ever whilst thou livest,
Here thou shalt not see me again.
ADAM.
Eve, rather than thou be angry, 24s
I will do all as thou wishest.
Bring it me immediately.
And I will eat it.
L. 241. The MS. has abana, but I think it must be read
aban na.
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(delwedd F0483) (tudalen 020)
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«0 BEGINNING OF
Et tunc comedit ec6 poma et videt se nudum et
dicit gemitu
ogh trv trv my re behas
ha re dorras an dyfen t5o
a debel venyn hep ras
ty ru'm tullas sur hep ken
agan corfow noth gallas
gans deyl agan cuthe gvren
y won the wyr dev an tas 2Sh
re sorras drewyth benen
[Adam ahscondit se in paradiso]
Tv/nc ueniet Deus pater ad Adam et dicU ei
DEUS PATER
Adam adam pandra wreth
prag na theth thu'm wolcumme
ADAM
drefen ov bos noeth hep queth
ragos yth yth the gvthe 260
DEUS PATEE
pyw a thysquethes thy'eo
the vos noeth corf tros ha bregh
lemyn an frut grath na'th fo
mones th'y dybry hep pegh
ADAM
thy'mmo vy why a ros gvrek 265
honna yw ol the vlaraye
a dorras an avel tek
hag a'n dug thy'm the dastye
DEUS PATER
Aban golste worty hy
ha gruthyl dres ov defen 270
mylyge a wraf defry
an nor y'th whythres hogen
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(delwedd F0484) (tudalen 021)
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THE WORLD. 21
And ilten he eats of the apple, and sees that he is
naked, a/nd says with a groan : —
Oh, woe, woe, I have sinned.
And have broken the prohibition. »so
evil graceless woman,
Surely thou hast deceived me without pity :
Our bodies are become naked ;
Let us cover ourselves with leaves.
1 know truly, God the Father *ss
A sorry woman hath angered.
[Adam hides himself in Paradise.]
Then God the Father shall com^ to Adam, and he
says to him : —
GOD THE FATHER.
Adam, Adam, what art thou doing ?
Why dost thou not come to welcome me ?
ADAM.
Because I was naked, without a cloth,
I went to hide before thee. 260
GOD THE FATHER.
Who disclosed to thee
That body, feet, and arms are naked ?
But the fruit of grace, it was not for thee
To go to eat it without sin.
ADAM.
To me you gave a wife, 265
She is all to blame,
Who plucked the fair apple,
And brought it me to taste.
GOD THE FATHER.
Because thou hearkenedst to her.
And to act beyond my prohibition, 270
I will assuredly curse
The earth in thy evil deed.
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(delwedd F0485) (tudalen 022)
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22 BEGINNING OF
y'th whys lavur the thybry
ty a wra bys y'th worfen
spern ha spethes ov tevy 275
hodre vy may fo anken
Eua prag y whruste sy
tulle the bryes hep ken
An avel worth y derry
wose my thy's th'y thefen 280
ty re gam wruk eredy
ha re'n dros the vur anken
pan russys thotho dybry
ha tastye frut a'n wethen
[hie den^on sit presens]
EUA
A das kuf y'th wholowys 285
an sarf re ruk ow tholle
th'y falsury y cresys
pythueth re rug ov syndye
mar derre hy leuerys
kepar ha dev y fethe 290
mar pue drok a oberys
trogh y hy gans the glethe
^. DEUS PATER
Rag ty the gola worty
ha telle the bryes len
nefre gustyth th'y gorty 295
me a orden bos benen
may mohghaho hy huth hy
dre wul ow gorliemmyn trogh
na heb mur lavur defry
benytha ny's tevyth flogh 300
\lq. ad serpenteni]
ty dyowl gvra ov gorthyby
prag y tolste sy hep ken
worth hy thempte the dyrry
an frut erbyn ov dyfen
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(delwedd F0486) (tudalen 023)
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THE WORLD. 23
In thy sweat labour to eat
Thou shalt, even to thy end,
Thorn and briars growing, »js
Until it be that death be.
Eve, why didst thou
Deceive thy husband without mercy,
By plucking the apple
After I had forbidden it to thee ? - 180
Thou hast done evil verily,
And hast brought him to much sorrow,
When thou madest him eat
And taste the fruit of the tree.
\Here let the Devil be present.]
EVE.
O wise Father in thy light, 285
The serpent hath deceived me.
Her falsehood I beheved,
Ever she hath held me.
If I plucked it, she said,
Like a god I should be. 290
If it was evil that she did,
Kill her with thy sword.
GOD THE FATHER.
Because thou hast hearkened to her,
And deceived thy faithful spouse.
Ever obedient to her husband a9S
I ordain woman to be.
May her affliction be increased.
For breaking my commandment,
Nor without great labour indeed
Shall ever children be to her. 300
[He speaks to the Serperit.]
Thou devil, answer me.
Why didst thou deceive her pitilessly,
By tempting her to pluck
The fruit against my prohibition ?
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(delwedd F0487) (tudalen 024)
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24 BEGINNING OF
DEMON
My a leuer thy's an cas ,305
' rag bos thethe ioy mar vraa
ha my pup vr ow lesky
rag henna my a's temptyag
the behe may fe ellas
aga han kepar ha my ^10
DEUS PATEB
ytho bethyth mylyges
pur wyr drys ol an bestes
a gertho war an nor veis
ha nefre y fyth avey
yntre the lynneth the sy 315
ha lynneth benen pup preys
Omma ny weugh why tryge
eugh yn mes a thysympys
why a geyl of lowene
a rys thyugh yn parathys 320
ny dal thy's kauanscuse
dre the wrek y vos terrys
rag orty ty the gole
myl vap mam a veyth damneys
ADAM
A das dey y'th wolowys 3^5
grannt the'th whythres my a'd peys
nep peyth a oel a yercy
DEUS PATBE
Adam yn dyweth a'n beys
my a wronnt oel mercy they's
ha the eua the wreghty 330
Ut tunc Deus ascendit ad celurti et didt ad cheruhyn
Cherubyn kemmer clethe
fystyn trogha parathys
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(delwedd F0488) (tudalen 025)
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THE WORLD. 25
DEVIL.
I will tell you the fact ; 305
Because they had great happiness,
And I was always burning.
For this I tempted them
To sin, so that "alas" may be
Their song like as mine. *3io
GOD THE FATHER.
Now be thou accursed,
Very truly above all the beasts
Which go on the face of the earth.
And ever shall there be enmity
Between thy offspring 3 1 5
And the offspring of the woman always.
Here ye do not remain.
Go outside immediately;
You have lost my joy
Which I gave you in Paradise. 320
Nor must thou allege
That thou art punished because of thy wife ;
Because thou hearkenedst to her
A thousand mother's sons shall be damned.
ADAM.
Father, God, in thy light, 325
Grant to thy workmanship, I pray thee,
Some of the oil of mercy.
GOD THE FATHER.
Adam, in the end of the world,
1 will grant the oil of mercy to thee.
And to Eve thy wife. 330
^■ind then God ascends to heaven, and says to the
Cherub :
Cherub, take a sword,
Hasten down to Paradise ;
c
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(delwedd F0489) (tudalen 026)
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26 BEGINNING OF
dew then a gefyth ene
gor J yn mes desempys
pur vysy a veyth thethe 335
ha the gymmys a ve gvrys
may whrussons cam dremene
sur y vyllyk an prys
CHERUBTN
the parathys scon y thaf
rag gruthyl ol both the vrys 340
ene tus mara kafaf
yn mes y fethons gorrys
[hie descendit che.l
Adam ke yn mes a'n wlas
troha ken pow the vewe
ty the honyn the balas 345
the wrek genes the nethe
rag why re sorras an tas
m'agys byth luen edrege
fystynyugh troh an daras
rag vmma ny wreugh tryge 350
Icherubin restat in paradiso]
4*' [hie adam et eva recedunt de paradiso]
ADAM
Ellas gveles an termyn
ov arluth pan wruk serry
pan ruk drys y worhenmyn
ov ertech gruk the gylly
ny won vyth pethaf lemyn 355
nymbus gvest guskys na chy
ov holan ol the dymmyn
rag moreth a wra terry
yn mes a'm ioy ha'm whekter
res ev keskar dre terros 360
rag font gvest ha gostotter
namna vyrwyn rag anwos
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(delwedd F0490) (tudalen 027)
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THE WORLD. 27
You will find two persons there :
Put them outside immediately.
Very hard it shall be for them, 335
And for what has been done.
That they did the evil transgression,
Surely they will lament the time.
CHERUB.
To Paradise soon I go,
To do all the will of thy judgment ; 340
If I find the people there.
Outside they shall be put.
[Here the chervh goes doion.]
Adam, go out of the country,
Towards another land, to live :
Thou thyself to dig, 34S
Thy wife with thee to spin.
For that ye haive angered the Father,
To ye shall be full repentance :
Haste through the door.
For here ye do not stay. • 35°
\_The Cherub remains in Fcoraclise.]
[Here Adam cmd Eve depart from P(iradise.'\
ADAM.
Alas ! that I have seen the time
When I made my Lord angry,
When I acted against his command,
I lost my fair portion.
I know not what I shall be now ; 355
There is not for me clothes, shelter, nor house :
My heart all in pieces
For grief will break.
Away from my joy and my delight
I must go in poverty through the land ; 360
For want of clothes and shelter,
Well nigh perishing with cold ;
c 2
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(delwedd F0491) (tudalen 028)
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28 BEGINNING OF
ny wothen rag ponvotter
pytheen yn gveel py yn eos
ow holen gvak dyvotter 365
ru'm kymmer ha gawel bos
Eua kymmer the gygel
rag nethe thy'nny dyllas
ha my a gaiis ol ow nel
yn dor the thallath palas 370
Et fodiet et terra
clamat et iterum fodiet et clamat
terra
Mur varth ambus dyogel
an beys th'y terry na'm gas
rag esow galsof ysel
na allaf kerthes yn fas
my a'd peys arluth vhel 375
the'n tyr ty a ry cummyas
ma'm gasso kyns ys myrwel
ynno bos thy'm the welas
[hie descendit deus paterl
DEUS PATER
Adam cummyas scon a fyth
hys the baal luen the drehy 380
thy's yth arghaf a dyreyth
gas adam the'th egery
ADAM
A syre arluth perfeth
bohes ev henna thy'nny
myns a defynno vn geyth 385
my ha'm gvrek a wra dybry
DEUS PATER
ytho kymmer hy dew hys
rag cafos thy's ha'th wrehgty '
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(delwedd F0492) (tudalen 029)
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THE WORLD. 29
Nor know from trouble
Whether we be in field or in wood.
•My heart is weak and empty 365
By my taking and having food.
Eve, take thy distaff.
To spin clothes for us .;
And I go with all my strength,
To begin to dig in the ground. 370
And he shall dig, and tlie ea/rth cries : a/nd again
he shall dig, and the ea/rth cries : —
Great wonder is surely to me ;
The earth will not let me break it,
That I may raise corn :
Nor can I go on, in truth.
I pray to thee, high Lord, 375
That thou' wilt give leave to the earth,
That it allow me before I die
To seek for myself food in it.
[Here God the Father comes doiim.^
GOD THE FATHER.
Adam, permission shall be forthwith,
To cut full the length of thy spade. 380
I command thee, O earth,
Allow Adam to open thee.
ADAM.
O sire, perfect God,
Little is this for us.
All that comes, in one day 385
I and my wife will eat.
GOD THE FATHER.
Then take two lengths of it.
For thee and thy wife to have.
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(delwedd F0493) (tudalen 030)
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30 BEGINNING OF
ADAM
arluth hen jw re nebes
mar quren flogh vyth denythy 390
DEUS PATER
Cafes moy thy's aban res
try heys the bal kemery
A drus musury tryl-les '
ha gvet na wra falsury
ADAM
arluth cuf ol henna gvlan 395
try hes ov fal mar a'm be
my ha'm gurek ha'm flogh byhan
bysy vyth the sostene
mar tue moy nystevyth man
rag nown y wrons elamdere 400
yn vr-na rag pur thwan
daggrow tyn gvraf dyvere
DEUS PATER
kee kymmer myns a vynny
adam a'n beis ol adro
thy'so ef a veyth besy 405
hag ahanes a theffo
ADAM
A das a nef gromercy
the gorf ker gorthys re bo
eua war an beys meystry
luen gummy as yma thy'mmo 410
EVA
Gvyn agan beys ov fryes
bos granntyes thy'nny cummyes
dywort an tas dev gvella
L. 395. I have doubtfully supposed that ffulan may be the
Welsh llan, " an area." See also 1. 859.
L. 411. Guyn beys, 'fair world,' is a common Cornish
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(delwedd F0494) (tudalen 031)
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THE WORLD. 31
ADAH.
Lord, this is too little,
If we do any children produce. 390
GOD THE FATHER.
As need is to thee to take more.
Take three lengths of thy spade ;
Athwart measure three breadths,
And take care not to do falsely.
ADAM.
Wise Lord, all that ground, 395
If I have three lengths of my spade,
Me, and my wife, and my Uttle child.
It will be hard to support.
If more come, it will not be enough,
They will faint with hunger. 400
In that time, for very sorrow.
Bitter tears I shall shed.
GOD THE FATHEB.
Go, take all thou wilt
Adam, of the world all around ;
It shall be indeed for thee, 405
And that which comes out of thee.
ADAM-
O Father of Heaven, thanks;
Be thy dear body worshipped.
Eve, power over the world.
Full permission there is to me. • 4»o
EVE.
Fair is our lot, my husband.
That leave is granted to us
From the best Father, God,
idiom ; the possessive pronoun usually comes between the
two words. It is equivalent to the Welsh gwyn vyd. See
also 1. 465 and passim.
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(delwedd F0495) (tudalen 032)
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32 BEGINNING OF
the bales ha the wonys
gans kegel a thesempys 415
nethe dyllas my a wra
4°. DEUS PATER
drog yw genef gruthyl den
precyons ha haval thu'm fas
rag cola worth vn venen
gvlan ef re goUas an plas 420
a'm lef thyghyow a wrussen
th'y wythe a'n geffo graas
pan wruge dres ov dyfen
fest yn tyn ef ru'm sorras
Adam a ol the drevas ' 425
an degves ran thy'mmo gas
wheth in atal the kesky
ha gans colen tha hep sor
gorre the'n meneth tabor
yn gorthyans thy'm th'y lesky 430
ADAM
arluth the voth a vyth gvrys
moy kyn fennas the gafys
pur wyr leskys ef a vyth
rag cowlenwel both the vrys
nynsus parow thy's yn beys 435
luen a grace os in perfyth
[^His transiet deus pater ad cefum.]
Caym hag abel ov mebbyon
eugh sacryfyeugh in scon
yn meneth the'n tas a'n nef
hag ol agas gvyr thege 440
thotho gvetyeugh offrynne
ha'y lesky del yrghys ef
L. 427. Pryce says, "That I may thee bless," quoting
Keigwin ; but in this version he takes no notice of atal. My
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(delwedd F0496) (tudalen 033)
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• THE WORLD. 83
To dig and to sow ;
With distaff immediately 4*5
I will spin clothes.
GOD THE FATHER.
Evil is to me that I have made man.
Altogether like to my face ;
By listening to a woman,
He has quite lost the place. 420
Which my right hand had made
• To keep it if he had the grace.
When he acted against my prohibition,
Very grievously he provoked me.
Adam, of all thy tillage, v 425
Leave the tenth part to me,
• Still to remain waste.
And with good heart, without ill-will, •
Put upon Mount Tabor,
To burn it in honour to me. 43»
ADAM.
Lord, thy will shall be done ;
More if thou wish to take,
Truly, it shall be burnt,
To fulfil the desire of thy mind.
There is none equal to thee in the world ; 43 s
Full of grace thou art, perfectly.
[Here God the Father shall pass on to heaven.]
Cain and Abel, my sons.
Go, sacrifice forthwith
In the mount to the Father of Heaven.
And all your true tithe 44*
To him take care to offer.
And burn it, as he hath enjoined.
own translation is very doubtful.
C3
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(delwedd F0497) (tudalen 034)
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34 BEGINNING OF
CATM
A das cuf ker my a wra
arluth nef roy thy'm gul da
yn pup ober a wrellyn 445
Abel whek dun alemma
the worthye ^'n arluth gvella
del yrghys agan tas thy'n
[recedit Caym.'\
ABEL
Ov broder pur lowenek
my a genes the'n meneth 45°
saw kyns ys mos ov thas whek
ro thy'm the vanneth perfeth
rag thy'm yma govenek
cafes the geus tregereth
the yanneth thy'm mur a blek 4S5
ha banneth ov mam inweth
ADAM
ov benneth, prest ty a fyth
kefrys yn nos hag yn geyth
ha myns vs yn beys ry'th fo
EUA
banneth the vam kekyfrys 460
nefre thy'so my a beys
amen, yn della re bo
ABEL.
ow banneth thyugh why kyfrys
ry thy'm agas bannethow
a thev lemyn gvyn ov beys 465
ov vos sonys hep whethlow
d anB.
L. 453, Pryce gives govenek, " it comes in mind," pro-
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(delwedd F0498) (tudalen 035)
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THE WORLD. 35
CAIN.
O father, wise, 1 will go.
Lord of heaven, give me good work
In all the acts that I do. 445
Sweet Abel, come away,
To worship the very good Lord,
As our father has enjoined us.
[Gain retires.]
ABEL.
My brother, very
gladly
I will go with thee to the mount ; 45°
But before going, my dear father.
Give me thy perfect blessing.
For my request is
To receive thy word of love.
Thy blessing is most delightful to me, . 4SS
And the blessing of my mother likewise.
ADAM.
My blessing shall ever be on thee.
Equally by night and by day ;
And all that is in the world be thine.
EVE.
The blessing of thy mother likewise 460
Be ever on thee, I pray,
Amen, so be it.
ABEL.
My blessing on you also :
Give me your blessings.
O God, now fair is my lot, 46s
Being blessed without deceit.
bably from cof, " memory." I derive it rather from goven,
"to ask." See Welsh gofynaig, " a request."
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(delwedd F0499) (tudalen 036)
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36 BEGINNING OF
Tunc cum istis quatuor ritis iat ad altare spaciando
in platea ei dicit Caym
CATM •
Abel pe feste mar bel
ny gothe thy's bones hel
ov mones the'n sacrefys
ABEL
Caym ny lettys saw vn lam 470
ov kafus banneth ov mam
ha banneth ov thas kefrys
5*. CAYM
' Ru'm fey mur a wokyneth
yv mones the lesky peyth
a yl den orto bewe 475
pyth yw an gorthyans the dev
bos leskys the glow lusew
war an karrygy dege
ABEL
Caym whek preder a'd enef
awos an tas dev a'n nef 480
gvra y worhemmynnadow
thy'nny ny travyth ny gref
aban yw sur y voth ef •
y lesky hep falladow
CAYM
Nans ye abel doway that 485
yn della byth ny vennaf
my re bredyrys gul prat
rag y wythe erbyn haf
ABEL
certan goky os ha mad
mar ny wreth del lauaraf 490
ty a fyth pur tormot sad
yn gulas yffarn del gresaf
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(delwedd F0500) (tudalen 037)
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THE WORLD. 87
Then viith those fouf rites {?) let him go to the
aUa/r, walking on the stage ; cmd Godn says : —
CAm.
Abel, where hast thou been so long ?
Thou oughtest not to be slow
Going to the sacrifice.
ABEL.
Cain, I stopped only a space, 47o
Receiving the blessing of my mother,
And the blessing of my father likewise.
CAm.
By my faith a great folly
It is to go to burn a thing
Which a man can live upon. 47S
What worship is it to God
That the tythe be burnt to coal
ashes on the stones ?
ABEL.
Sweet Cain, think of thy soul ;
Because of the Father God of heaven, 480
Do his commands.
To us there is nothing grievous,
Since it surely is his will
To burn it without fail.
CAIN.
Now you, Abel, do that ; 485
I will never do so.
I have thought of doing a thing,
To keep it against summer.
ABEL.
Surely thou art foolish and mad.
If thou do not as I say, 490
Thou wilt have sad torment
In the region of hell, as I believe.
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(delwedd F0501) (tudalen 038)
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38 BEGINNING OF
Dev a ros thy'n an naw ran
rag bewe orto certan
dre J luen grath ha'y versy 495
ytho prag na lenes ef
kafus y thege hep gref
hag aban vyn y lesky
[^Hic venient omnes in platea]
Et tunc caym offerat partem decimarum et custodiret
alteram partem decimarum et dicit caym
CAYM
rag leuerel yn preve
my ny vynnaf offrynne ~ 500
ol ov dege yn certan
a das dew luen a byte
tan resyf theworthyf ve
ov dege ha'm offryn gvlan
hay dew myr orth ov offryn 505
ha ressef thy's ov dege
rag mar ny wreth my a vyn
y thon genef arte dre
ABEL
a das dew arluth huhel
my a'th worth gans ol ov nel S'o
y'm colon pur trewysy
hag a offryn thy's whare
warbarth ol ov gvyr thege
yn gorthyans thy's y lesky
DEtJS PATER
rag bos abel gvyr thege 5*5
ef a'n gefyth yn dy weth
an ioy na thyfyk nefre
yn ov gulas ha cosoleth
L. 505. hay is perhaps inadvertently written for ha.
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(delwedd F0502) (tudalen 039)
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THE WORLD. 39
God has given to us the nine parts,
To hve upon it certainly.
By his full grace and his mercy. 495
•Now, why not leave him.
To take his tenth without complaint.
And burn it, since he will.
[Here aU shaU come v/pon the stage.]
And then let Gain offer a panrt of the tithes, that he
may keep another paa-t of the tithes ; and Ccdn
says : —
CAIN.
To say the truth,
I will not offer S«>
All my tithe certainly.
O Father God, full of pity.
Take, receive from me
My tithe and my offering pure.
And God look at my offering, SoS
And take to thee my tithe ;
For if thou do not, I will
Take it home with me again.
ABEL.
Father God, high Lord,
1 worship thee with all my strength, 5'o
Li my heart very seriously.
And I will offer to thee presently
Together all my true tithe.
To burn it in honour of thee.
GOD THE FATHER.
Because Abel's tithe is true, S^s
He shall find in the end
Unfailing joy ever,
In my land and rest.
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(delwedd F0503) (tudalen 040)
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4f) BEGINNING OF
CAYM
Pan dra ny vyn dev gul vry
ahanaf na sowyny 520
an peyth a wrehaf ny wra
ha pup vr chatel abel
y a sowyn myl blek guel
Abel a'n pren rag henna
5^. ABEL
Ow broder whek dun the dre 525
yma vn posygyon bras
War ov wholon ov cothe
pynag vone ren ov thas
an tas a wruk ov formye
a'm offryn re woffe gras 530
ha pan wryllyf tremene
a'n bys ru'm gorre th'y wlas
CAYM
abel whek ol na wra vry
rag pup tra ol a fytli da
dre weres agan dev ny 535
a nef an arluth guella
ke yn rak del y''m kyrry
ynlianow dev a-wartha
venytha na sowyny
tan hemma war an challa 540
Tunc percuciet eum in capite et morietur et dicit
lucifer
LUCIFEB
Belsebuk ha satanas
eugh alemma pur thoth bras
del y'm kyrreugh ages dew
ha kyrghough the dre an guas
may hallo cane ellas 545
nefre yn tewolgow tew
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(delwedd F0504) (tudalen 041)
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THE WORLD. 41
CAIN.
Whereas will God not make account
Of me, nor thrive 520
The bit which I do will not,
And at all times an article of Abel's
Will thrive a thousand times better,
Abel shall pay for that.
ABEL.
My sweet brother, come home ; 525
There is a great heaviness
Falling on my heart ;
Whatever it be, by my Father.
The Father who created me
To my offering may he acknowledge favour ; S3o
And when I shall pass away
From the world, may he bring me to his land.
CAIN.
Sweet Abel, do not mind all this.
For all things will be good,
By the help of our God, S3S
The best Lord of heaven.
Go before, as thou lovest me.
In the name of God above ;
That thou mayest never thrive,
Take this on the jaw-bone. 54°
Then he shall strike him on the head, cmd he shall
die ; cmd Lucifer says : —
LUCIFER.
Beelzebub and Satan,
Go hence with great speed.
As ye love me, your god ;
And bring home the youth.
That he may sing " alas" S4S
Ever in black darkness.
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(delwedd F0505) (tudalen 042)
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42 BEGINNING OF
SATANAS
agan arluth lucifer
ny a'n kyrgh thy's hep danger
pur lowenek
yn drog-gras th'y das adam 550
venytha na'n geffo tam
a wolow tek
[ihent ad Abel]
BBLSEBUC
Mai yv genen the gafus
the vos lemyn the derrus
ha the peyn kepar ha ny 555
abel ty a dryg nefre
awos ol the wyr thege
yn tewolgow bras hep ioy
SATANAS
Dun ganso the dre warnot
th'agan arluth lucifer 560
my a gan an conternot
ha ty dyscant ym-kener
BELSBBUC
heyl syr arluth lucifer
my re gyrhas thy's the dre
mab adam a fals huder 565
may hallo genen trege
LUCIFER
Abel rag the offryn ker
ty a vyth genen nefre
ha dewolow hep nyuer
pup vr orthys ov scrynkye 570
L. 562. ym-kener must be a reciprocal passive, " sing to
each other." The old translators generally render the pas-
sive by the ist per. plur. active, saying "we do" for "it is
done." See grammar.
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(delwedd F0506) (tudalen 043)
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THE WORLD. 43
SATAN.
Our lord Lucifer,
We will bring him to thee without danger
Very joyfully;
In requital to his father Adam, 550
He shall never have a bit
Of fair hght.
[They shall go to Abel.]
BEELZEBUB.
Our will is to take thee,
To go now to our country.
And to torment, like us ; 5S5
Abel, thou shalt dwell ever.
Notwithstanding all thy true tithe,
In great darkness, without joy.
*^'- SATAN.
Come with him home speedily
To our lord Lucifer : 560
I will sing the counter note.
And thou shalt sing descant with me.
BEELZEBUB.
Hail, sire ! lord Lucifer,
I have fetched home to thee
The son of Adam, the false hypocrite, sH
That he may dwell with us.
LUCIFER.
Abel, because of thy dear oflPering,
Thou shalt be ever with us ;
And devils without number
• Always howhng at thee. _ 57®
L. 570. scrynkye is unknown to me : it may be strynkye =
ystranc W. " to play tricks ;" or the Armoric strinqua, " to
cast," or skrin, "to gnash." We have skrymba in R 2344,
which I render "outcries."
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(delwedd F0507) (tudalen 044)
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44 BEGINNING OF
Tunc veniet Deus pater ad terram loquitur cum caym
et dicU Deus pater
DEUS PATER
Caym lauar pie ma abel
the vroder ov servont iel
prag nagvsy ef genes
CAYM
nep ma'n ressys the wethe
theworth henna govynne 57s
py vr fuf vy y wythes
\yox clamatl
DEUS PATER
Otte voys mernans abel
the vroder prest ov kelwel
a'n dor warnaf pup teller
my lieges nefre re by 580
hag ol an tyr a bywfy
yv mylleges y'th ober
6a. flErut da bynerre tliokko
na glase bys gorfen beys
ov molleth a rof thy'so 585
molleth ov eleth kefrys
CAYM
the lef arluth a glewaf
saw the face my ny welaf
sur er ov gevw
ellas my a wor henna 590
bones ov fegh moy yn-ta
es mercy dew
lemyn dyfreth of ha gvak
pur wyr dres ol tus a'n beys
my ny won leuerel prak S9S
gans pup na vethaf lethys
L. 583. I think bynerre must be equivalent to benary,
" for ever." See L 2196. I doubt Pryce's version, " to
eaL"
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(delwedd F0508) (tudalen 045)
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THE WOKLD. 45
Then God the FatJier shaM come to the ewrth ; he
speaks with Cain ; and God the Father says : —
GOD THE FATHER.
Cain, speak, where is Abel,
Thy brother, my faithful servant ?
Why is he not with thee ?
CMS.
He to whom thou gavest him to keep.
Ask that of him ; 575
What time was I his keeper ?
\A voice caUs.^
GOD THE FATHER.
Behold the blood of dead Abel,
Thy brother, now calling
From the ground to me every where.
Cursed ever be thou, 580
And all the earth thou possessest
Is cursed in thy deed.
It shall [not] produce fruit good for ever.
Nor green to the end of the world.
I give my curse to thee, ^ 585
The curse of my angels also.
CAIN.
Thy voice, Lord, I hear.
But thy face I do not see.
Surely for my relief.
Alas ! I know that : S90
My sin to be much greater.
Than the mercy of God.
Now wretched I am, and empty.
Very truly above all men of the world :
I cannot tell why S9S
By all I may not be slain.
L.589. For the similar line, sure er ow gew, in the Cre-
ation, p. 85, Keigwin gives, " Surely against me a dart."
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(delwedd F0509) (tudalen 046)
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BEGINNING OF
DEUS PATER
Caym ny vethyth yn della
rag the lathe den mar qura
ef a'n gevyth seyth kemmys
a paynys in nor bys-ma too
mar pyth drok vythol gureys thy's
Rag the verkye my a gura
yn bys den vyth na'th latho
pup Tr-ol oberet da
guyn bys kymmys a'n gvrello 605
[ITic ds. ascendit ad celwm^
Tunc veniet chaym
ad adam patrem suum et didt
adam
ADAM
Ow map py theth the vroder
prag na thethe genes dre
CAYM
Anotho mar thes preder
worth y wythyes govynne
ADAM
A my leges y'th ober - 610
ty re'n lathes ru'm lowte
hag ef ahanan mar ger
ov molleth thy'so nefre
ellas vyth pan yu kyllys
Abel whek ov map kerra 615
na vythqueth pan vef formys
theworthaf drok a'n perna
na caym pan yu dynythys
pan venyons ev a'n re-ma
dre vn venen wharvethys 620
govy pan welys eva
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(delwedd F0510) (tudalen 047)
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THE WORLD. 47
GOD THE FATHER.
Cain, it shall not be so ;
For if a man do kill thee,
He shall get it seven times as much
Of pains on the face of this world, 600
If any evil is done thee ;
For I will mark thee
In the world, that no man slay thee.
Always good works,
Happy as many as do them. 605
[Here God ascends to heaven.]
Then Cain shall
come to Adam his father ; and
Adam, says : —
ADAM.
My son, where is thy brother gone ;
Why is he not come home with thee ?
CAIN.
About him if thou thinkest,
Ask of his keeper.
ADAM.
0, curses on thy deed ; 610
Thou hast killed him by my truth ;
And he so dear to us :
My curse on thee ever.
Alas ! that is lost
Sweet Abel, my son most dear. 615
That I had never been created !
From me he has purchased evil.
That Cain had never been born !
That there is vengeance for this thing.
Wrought by a woman ! 620
Alas ! that I 6ver saw Eve I
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(delwedd F0511) (tudalen 048)
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48 BEGINNING OF
yma dev whath ov pewe
neb ev arluth drys pup tra
my ny vennaf growethe
vynytha gans corf eva 625
EUA
Ellas vyth pan ruk cole
mar hogul worth ov eskar
kemys druk vs ov cothe
ha dewethes hag avar
yma ken thy'm the ole 630
daggrow gois in gvyr hep mar
govy vyth ol ov pewe
ov cothaf lues galar
DEUS PATER
Serafyn the adam ke
hag argh thotho growethe 635
dre ov gorhemmynnadow
wheth gans eva y wreghty
hag ef a wra dynythy
vn map da hep falladow
6^. SERAPHIN
Arluth the voth my a wra 640
del degoth thy'm yn pup le
ha bys thotho whare a
the'n bys rag y cusyllye
Et tunc iet ad adam et dicit ei
Adam an tas dev guella
a yrghys thy's growethe 645
gans the bryes ker eva
rag cafus flogh the'th servye
L. 624. The MS. has growetlia, but the rhyme shews the
true reading.
L. 627. I have translated eskar, " enemy," the Welsh
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(delwedd F0512) (tudalen 049)
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THE WORLD. 49
There is a God yet living,
Who is Lord above all things ;
I will never lie down
Hereafter with the body of Eve. 625
EVE.
Alas ! that I ever listened
So readily to my enemy ;
So much evil is falling,
Both late and early ;
There is cause to me to weep 630
Really tears of blood, without doubt.
Unhappy will be all living.
Suffering much sorrow.
GOD THE FATHER.
Seraph, to Adam go.
And enjoin him to he, 635
By my commands,
Again with Eve his wife ;
And he shall beget
A good son without fail.
SEKAPH.
Lord, I will do thy will, , 640
As it becomes me in every .place ;
And will soon go even to him,
To the world, to advise him.
And then he shall go to Adwni ; and lie says to him : —
Adam, the Father God, most good.
Hath commanded thee to lie 645
With thy dear spouse Eve ;
To have a child to serve thee.
esgarj or it might be "oflFspring," from ascor, the Welsh
esgor, connecting the sense with the following line : —
" On my offspring so much evil is falling."
D
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(delwedd F0513) (tudalen 050)
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50 BEGINNING OF
ADAM
Pan vyn an tas yn della
reys yv y wruthyl porrys
mar myn dev rag an gvella 650
del fythyaf ef a vyth gurys
diies ov howethes eva
groweth yn gvyly a hys
gorherarayn dev dres pup tra
res yv y vos coullenwys 655
Nans yw lemmyn tremenes
nep dew-cans a vlethynnow
na'm buef the wruthyl genes
yn kyk nag in kues hep wow
BUA
Aban vyn an tas a'n nef 660
res yv sywe y voth ef
pe-penag vo
dre grath a'n arluth guella
ny a thynyth vn flogh da
thy'n a seruyo 665
ADAM
in nomine dei patris
yn della thy'n re wharfo
war an tas dev ny a bys
y grath thy'n may tanvonno
Et tunc recedat ah ea paucumj)er
et iterura veniet
ad earn '*
EUA
Adam ny yl vos kelys 670
an pyth a thue yn dyweth
yma flogh genaf genys
dre voth a'n tas dev in weth
L. 649. porrys seems to be a mere adjunct to reys, mean-
ing something like "need is imposed." See lines 683 and
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(delwedd F0514) (tudalen 051)
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THE WORLD.
ADAM.
Since the Father so wills.
Need it is to do it ;
K God wills, for the best 650
So I trust it shall be done.
Come, my companion, Eve,
Lie in the bed at length ;
The command of God, above all things.
Need is that it be fulfilled. 655
Now there are gone by
Some two hundred years ;
I have not had to do with thee,
In flesh nor in blood, without a lie.
EVE.
Since the God of heaven wills it, 660
Need it is to follow his will,
Whatever it be.
By the grace of the very good Lord
We shall produce a good child,
To serve us. 665
ADAM.
In the name of God the Father,
So be it done to us.
To the Father God we pray
That he send his grace to us.
And then let him go away a little while from her.
And again he shall
come to her.
e^t;.
Adam, we may be assured 670
The thing will come at last.
There is a child born to me,
By the will of the Father, God also.
1905, and D 1074. In P. 117. 2, 118. i, it is an adjunct to
the verb vynne.
D 2
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(delwedd F0515) (tudalen 052)
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52 BEGINNING OF
bynyges re bo an prys
may fe gurys an gor/ioleth 67s
py hanow y fyth gylwys
lauar thy'mmo er the fetli
ADAM
Seth a vyt y evn hanow
an tas a'n nef caradow
roy thotho grath th'y seruye 680
mos the balas my a vyn
rag sustene veunans thy'n
rys yw porrys lafurrye
Hie adam iet ad opus suum
A dev ker assoma squyth
uyn veys a quellen vn wyth 685
an termyn the thewethe
kref yv gvrythyow a'n spethes
may thyv ov dyv-vregh terrys
worte m enough ov quethe
seth ov map my a thanfon 690
the yet parathys in scon
the cherubyn an guythyas
govyn orto mar a'm byth
oyl a vercy in dyweyth
theworth an tas dev a ras 69s
SETH
A das ker the'th worhemmyn
my a th'y a thysempys
saw pan-dra wra-ma govyn
ny won na forth thu'm nygys
7 a, ADAM
lauar an-nes ov vos vy 7°°
a'm bewnens my th'y bysy
A leuerel guyroneth
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(delwedd F0516) (tudalen 053)
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THE WORLD. S3
Blessed be the time
That the agreement was made, 675
What name shall he be called ?
Tell me, on thy faith.
ADAM.
Seth shall be his just name.
The Father of heaven beloved.
Give him grace to serve him. 680
I will go to dig,
To sustain life to us ;
To labour is needful.
Here Ada/in slmll go to his irorlc.
O dear God, I am weary.
Gladly I would see once 685
The time to depart.
Strong are the roots of the briars,
That my arms are broken.
Tearing up many of them.
Seth, my son, I will send 690
To the gate of Paradise forthwith,
To the Cherub, the guardian.
Ask of him if there will be for me
Oil of mercy at the last,
From the Father, the God of grace. 695
SETH.
O father dear, at thy command,
I will go to him immediately.
But what shall I ask ?
I do not know the way to my errand.
ADAM.
Say, I being near - 700
To my life'5 end, I pray him
To say the truth
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(delwedd F0517) (tudalen 054)
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54 BEGINNING OF
thy 'so a'n oyl a versy
dythy wys thy'mmo vy
gans an tas a'y dregereth 705
pan vef chacys
gans an el yn pur thefry
my ha'm gvrek rag gal foly
helhys warbarth a fuen ny
in mes scon a paradys 710
sew olow ov thryys lyskys
ny dyf guels na flour yn bys
yn keth forth-na may kyrthys
ha ny ov tos a le-na
my ha'th vam sur kekyfrys 715
ty a wylfyth an toknys
kyn wylly mur wolowys
na thout ny fyth ken ys da
SETH
my a wra fest yn lowen
the nygys bys yn gorfen 7ao
A das colon caradow
ny vynnaf lettya pella
my a'd pys ov sona gura
kyns ys mos hep falladow
ADAM
ke yn kerth ov map evy 725
ha nefra ov bannat thy's
gura the nygys eredy
kyns dewheles my a'd pys
SETH
A das dovt na bertheugh why
"whare my a vyn mones 730
dev a'n nef dre y versy
me a bys d'agan gueres
L. 728. Pryce gives this, "before God calleth:" I prefer
comparing the word dewheles with the Welsh dychwel, " to
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(delwedd F0518) (tudalen 055)
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THE WORLD. 55
To thee of the oil of mercy,
Which was promised to me
By the Father, of his pity, * 705
When I was driven
By the angel in very earnest,
I and my wife for doing folly,
Driven together we were,
Quickly out of Paradise. 710
Follow the prints of my feet, burnt ;
No grass nor flower in the world grows
In that same road, where I went.
And we coming from that place,
I and thy mother surely also ; 7«S
Thou wilt see the tokens.
Though thou see much light.
Fear not, it will not be other than good.
SBTH-
I will do very joyfully
Thy errand even to the end. 720
father, dear .heart,
I will not stop longer ;
I pray thee bless me
Before I go, without fail.
ADAM.
Go thy way, my son, 725
And ever he my blessing on thee.
Do thy errand surely.
Before thou come back, I pray thee.
SETH.
O father, have no fear.
Forthwith I will go. 730
The God of heaven, through his mercy,
1 pray to help us.
return." See may tewhyllyf arte thu'm gulas, " when I re-
tvim again to my country." R 879.
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(delwedd F0519) (tudalen 056)
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56 BEGINNING OF
Et time iet ad paradiswm [et d^ chervMn\
CHERUBIN
- seth pan-dra yv the nygys
mar hyr forth dos may fynsys
lauar dy'mmo vy whare 735
SETH
A el me a leuer thy's
ov thas ev coth ha squytheys
ny garse pelle bewe
ha genef ef a'd pygys
a leuerel guyroneth 74©
a"*!! oyl dotho dythywys
a versy yn deyth dyweth
CHERUBIN
Agy the'n yet gor the 6en
Ha y syl vyth ol na gen
pe-penag-ol a wylly 74S
lia myr a pup tenewen
aspy yn-ta pup eghen
whythyr pup tra ol bysy
SETH
fest yn lowen me a wra
guyn ov bys kafus cummyas 75©
the wothfos pyth vo ena
rag y leuerel thu'm tas
\et respidt et vertit se dicens]
dev tek a wel yw homraa
goef a gollas an wlas
sav an wethen thy'm yma 755
hy bos syghys marthys vras
L. 753. A similar phrase in 1. 2441, dev tek a bren, is
rendered in Pryce, "There is a fair tree." I suppose wel
to be queel, " a field," but it may be, " a fair sight is
this."
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(delwedd F0520) (tudalen 057)
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THE WORLD. 57
And then he shall go to Paradise ; [and the Ghenib
says : — "[
CHERUB.
Sefh, what is thy errand,
That thou wouldst come so long a way ?
Tell me soon. 735
SETH.
O angel, I will tell thee :
My father is old and weary,
He would not wish to live longer ;
And through me he prayed thee
To tell the truth 740
Of the oil promised to him
Of mercy in the last day.
CHERUB.
Within the gate put thy head,
And behold it all, nor fear,
Whatever thou seest. 745
And look on all sides ;
Examine well every particular ;
Search out every thing diligently.
SETH.
Very joyfully I will do it ;
I am glad to have permission 75°
To know what is there.
To tell it to my father.
[And he looks, and turns rownd, saying : — ^]
Fair field is this ;
Unhappy he who lost the country :
But the tree, it is to me 755
A great wonder that it is dry.
We might perhaps read, dev teka wel, "God, a very fair
sight," or, "very fair field."
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(delwedd F0521) (tudalen 058)
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58 BEGINNING OF
7^. Saw my a greys hy bos segh'
ha gurys noth ol rag an pegh
a pehas ov thas ha'm mam
avel olow aga threys 760
sygh yns ol kepar ha leys
ellas pan thybrys an tarn
CHEBUBIN
A Seth osa dynythys
agy the yet paradys
lauar thy'm pan-dra wylsta 765
SETH
ol an tekter a wylys
ny yl taves den yn bys
y leuerel bynytha
A frut da ha floures tek
menestrouthy ha can whek 77°
fenten bryght Avel arhans
ha pedyr streyth vras defry
ov resek a-dyworty
worte myres may tho whans
warnethy yma gvethen 775
vhel gans lues scoren
saw noth ol yns hep dylyow
hag adro thethy rusken
nynsese a'n blyn the"'n ben
noth yv ol hy scorennow 780
ha war woles pan vyrys
my a welas hy gurythyow
bys yn yffarn dywenys
yn mysk mur a tewolgow
ha'y branchy s yn van tyvys 785
bys yn nef vhel golow
ha hy warbarth dyruskys
kefrys ben ha barennow
L. 781. The eight lines from 781 to 788 are put after
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(delwedd F0522) (tudalen 059)
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THE WORLD. 59
But I believe that it is dry,
And all made bare, for the sin
Which my father and mother sinned.
Like the prints of their feet, 760
They are all dry, like herbs.
Alas, that the morsel was eaten.
CHERUB.
0, Seth, thou art come
Within the gate of Paradise ;
Tell me what thou sawest. iH
SETH.
All the beauty that I saw
The tongue of no man in the world can
Tell it ever.
Of good fruit, and fair flowers,
Minstrels and sweet song, 770
A fountain bright as silver ;
And four springs, large indeed.
Flowing from it.
That there is a desire to look at them.
In it there is a tree, 77S
High with many boughs ;
But they are all bare, without leaves.
And around it, bark
• There was none, from the stem to the head.
All its boughs are bare. 780
And at the bottom, when I looked,
I saw its roots
Even into hell descending,
In midst of great darkness. '
And its branches growing up, 7^5
Even to heaven high in light ;
And it was without bark altogether,
Both the head and the boughs.
1. 808 in the MS., but they must obviously come here.
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(delwedd F0523) (tudalen 060)
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60 BEGINNING OF
CHERTJBIN
wheth myr arte aberveth
hag ol ken ty a welfyeth 79°
kyns ys dones a le-na
SET II
bos cummyas thy'ra guyn ov bys
my a the'n yet desempys
may callaf gueles ken ta
[vadit et respicit et revertit]
CHBRUBIN
A wylsta ken yn tor-ma 795
ys del ege agensow
SETH
vn sarf in guethen yma
best vthek hep falladow
CHEBUBm
ke weth tresse treveth th'y
ha myr gvel orth an wethen 8oo
myr pan-dra wylly ynny
kefrys gwrythyow ha scoren
[iterum vadit in 5Wjt)'*'""')]
SETH
Cherubyn el dew a ras
yn wethen rae a welas
yn ban vhel worth scoren 805
flogh byen nowyth gynys
hag ef yn quethow maylys
ha kylmys fast gans lysten
15». CHERUBIN
Mab dev o neb a wylsys
avel flogh byhan maylys f^'o
ef a bren adam the das
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(delwedd F0524) (tudalen 061)
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THE WORLD. e\
CHERUB.
Look yet again within,
And all else thou shalt see 79°
Before that thou come from it.
SETH.
I am happy that I have permission ;
I will go to the gate immediately,
That I may see further good.
[He goes, a/nd looks, and retv/ms.^
CHERUB.
Dost thou see more now 795
Than what there was just now ?
SETH.
There is a serpent in the tree ;
An ugly beast, without fail.
CHERUB.
Go yet the third time to it.
And look better at the tree. 800
Look, what you can see in it.
Besides roots and branches.
[Again he goes up^
SETH.
Cherub, angel of the God of grace.
In the tree I saw,
High up on the branches, 805
A little child newly born ;
And he was swathed in cloths,
And bound fast with napkins.
CHERUB.
The Son of God it was whom thou sawest,
Like a Httle child swathed. 810
He will redeem Adam, thy father.
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(delwedd F0525) (tudalen 062)
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62 BEGINNING OF .
gans y gyk ha wos kefrys
pan vo termyn denythys
ha'th vam hag ol an dus vas
ef yv an oyl a versy 815
a fue the'th tas dythywys
dre y vernans yredy
ol an bys a fyth sylwys
SETH
Benyges nefre re by
a dev lemyn guyn ov bys 820
gothfos guyr ol yredy
my a vyn mos thyworthy's
CHERUBIN
kemer iyyr spus a'n aval
a dybrys adam the das
pan varwo gorr^ hep fal 825
yntre y thyns ha'y davas
Anethe ty a wylfyth
tyr gvethen tevys whare
rag ny vew moy es tryddyth
war lyrgh the vones the dre 830
SETH
bynyges re by pup tyth
my a'd worth pur wyr nefre
ov das fest lowenek vyth
mar scon a'n bys tremene
Et tunc veniet ad
patrem [Adam et dicit ei]
A das ker my a welas 835
yn paradys fenten ras
ha warnythy vn wethen
hyr gans mur a scorennow
hag yn creys hy varennow
vn flogh maylys gans lysten 840
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(delwedd F0526) (tudalen 063)
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THE WORLD. 63
AVith his flesh and blood too^
When the time is come,
And thy mother, and all the good people.
He is the oil of mercy, 815
Which was promised to thy father ;
Through his death, clearly.
All the world will be saved.
SETH. V
Blessed ever be he :
God, now I am happy ; 820
Knowing the truth all plainly,
1 will go from thee.
CHERUB.
Take three kernels of the apple.
Which Adam, thy father, ate.
When he dies, put them, without fail, 825
Between his teeth and his tongue.
From them thou wilt see
Three trees grow presently ;
For he will not live more than three days
After thou reachest home. 830
SETH.
Blessed be thou every day ;
I honour thee ever very truly :
My father will be very joyful.
If he soon passes from life.
And then he shall
come to his father [Adam, and
he says to him ;] —
O father dear, I have seen 835
In Paradise the fountain of grace ;
And by it a tree,
Tall, with many boughs ;
And in the middle of its branches
A child swathed with napkins. 840
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(delwedd F0527) (tudalen 064)
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64 BEGINNING OF
hen ev an oel a versy
o dethywys dy'so sy
theworth an tas dev a'n nef
ha'n el thy'm a leuerys
pan vo tryddyth tremenys 845
ty a thascor the enef
ADAM
Arluth ker thy's mur worthyans
rag hyr lour ev ov bewnans
kymmer dy'so ov enef
guyn bys vones thy'm fethys 850
lafur ha duwon a'n bys
fest pel my re'n seruyas ef
A vap ny dal keles man
an pyth a thue gvelis veyth
galsof coyth ha mar thy s guan • 855
dynythys ev ov deweyth
an tas dev arluth a van
re'm gorre the gosoleth
ov enef ha'm corf the'n gulan
Amen pysys pup pryueth 860
8^. et tunc morietur ada/m et dicit seih
SBTH
Tru govy ellas ellas
bos marow adam ov thas
gans y gorf a'm dynythys
kepar del fuve dremmas
yn dor my a vyn palas 865
tol may fo ynno cuthys .
\seiIif(M!it sepulcrum et sepellitur adam]
L. 850. The meaning, " fetched " for fethys, given in
Pryce, is evidently a guess, made in ignorance of the real
value of the word.
L. 853. The version in Pryce, " I am become blind," is
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(delwedd F0528) (tudalen 065)
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THE WORLD. 65
That is the oil of mercy
Which was promised to thee
By the Father God of heaven.
And the angel told me,
When three days are gone, 845
Thou will give up thy soul.
ADAM.
Dear Lord, much worship to thee,
For long enough is my life :
Take my soul to thee.
Joyful that for me is vanquished 850
The labour and sorrow of the world :
Very long I have served him.
• son, concealment avails nought,
The thing which is coming shall be seen.
I am become old and wondrous weak ; 855
My end is arrived :
The Father God, Lord above,
May he put me to rest ;
• My soul, and my body to the ground.
Amen, I pray, all quiet. 860
And tJien Ada/m shall die ; and Seth says : —
SETH.
Sad, woe, alas 1 alas !
That Adam, my father, is dead.
With his body he produced me ;
Like as he was a just man,
In the earth I will dig 865
A hole, that he may be covered in it ;
[Seth makes a grave and buries Adam.^^
absurd. The only doubt is about Tceles, which may be con-
nected with the Welsh celu, " to conceal."
L. 859. See 1. 395, where gulan occurs in the same accep-
tation probably.
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(delwedd F0529) (tudalen 066)
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66 BEGINNING OF
Hie ponet seth tria grana pomi in ore ode et elicit
seth
ha\y wul hyr ha doun ragtho
droga galar ev thy'mmo
J anclethyas mar uskys
\hic ponet grana in ore ade\
an try spus yn y anow 870
my a's gor hep falladow
kepar del ve thy'm yrghys
bolungeth dew yv hemma
bones gorrys an spus-ma
pan dremenna an bys-ma 875
yn y anow bos gorrys
an tas a nef sur hep fal
a'n gruk ef thotho haual
pan dorrasa an aval
an arluth a fue serrys 880
LUCIFER
aha belsebuc aha
ov otte vn purvers da
lemyn wharfethys
awos ol roweth adam
bys thy'n vmma yn vn lam 885
ef a vyth kyrhys
SATANAS
my a kyrgh an guas wharre
bynytha rag growethe
genen ny yn tewolgow
belsebuc del y'm kyrry 890
fystyn duwhans gueres vy
ov ton a plos casadow
\hic descendunt]
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(delwedd F0530) (tudalen 067)
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THE WORLD. 67
Here Seth puts three Jcernels of the apple into
Adarrus mouth; and Seth says: —
And make it long and deep for him :
Very evil sorrow it is for me.
To bury him so immediately.
[Here he shall put the kernels into AdamUs mouth.]
The three grains into his mouth 870
I will put them without fail,
Like as it was enjoined to me.
The will of God is this :
That these kernels be put,
When this life be passed away, 875
Into his mouth be put.
The Father of heaven surely without fail,
Made him like to himself:
When he plucked the apple
The Lord was angry. 880
LUCIFEB.
Aha ! Beelzebub, aha !
You see a good purchase
Now obtained ;
Notwithstanding all the bounty of Adam,
To us here in a trice 885
He shall be brought.
SATAN.
I will bring the fellow soon,
Ever to lie
With us in darkness.
Beelzebub, as thou lovest me, 890
Hasten quickly to help me,
Bringing of the foul villain.
[Here they go down.]
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(delwedd F0531) (tudalen 068)
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68 BEGINNING OF
BELSEBUC
My a'th wheres orth j thon
the yifarn kepar hag on
war geyn lowarn py brathky 895
awos ol the fath ha'th son
genen ny y fyth the thron
yn ponvotter venary
[hie accipiat cmimmn et portabit ad infermjim\
SATANAS
Adam ty a ve gothys
pan eses yn paradys 900
avel harlot ov lordye
ha rag henna desempys
ny a'th deg bys gorfen vys
yn ponow the wrowethe
9^. • BELSEBUC
Heyl ov arluth yn the se 905
otte kyrhys thy's the dre
genen ny an harlot bras
adam plos a thesefse
warnan conquerrye neffre
lemyn ef yv agan guas 910
LUCIFER
ov banneth theugwhy pup prys
mar tha y wreugh ov nygys
prest yn pup le
gorreugh an fals nygethys
gans abel a desempys 9'S
the yssethe
L. 908. The sense
given in Pryce is, " had begun ;" but
the meaning of the Welsh deisyfu, "to desire," suits it
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(delwedd F0532) (tudalen 069)
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THE WORLD. 69
BEELZEBUB.
I will help thee to bring him,
To hell hke as we are,
On the back of a fox or mastiff. 895
Notwithstanding all thy faith and thy blessing,
With us shall be thy throne,
In trouble for ever.
[Here he shaU take the sotU, and ca/rry it to hell.']
SATAN.
Adam, thou wast proud
When thou wast in Paradise, 9«»
Like a rogue, my lord.
And for that, forthwith
We will carry thee, till the end of the world
In pains to lie.
BEELZEBUB.
Hail ! my lord, in thy seat. 90s
See brought to thee home.
By us, the great villain.
The foul Adam would desire
To conquer us always ;
Now he is our fellow. 9»o
LUCIFEB.
My blessing on ye at all time,
So well ye have done my bidding,
Quickly in every place.
Put the false bird
With Abel forthwith 9«5
To dwell.
better. See 1.
2730.
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(delwedd F0533) (tudalen 070)
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70 BEGINNING OF
Hie incijnt de noe et Tiave et (licit d&vbs
DEUS PATER
Drog yv genef gruthyl den
precins haual thy'm certen
rag cole orth vn venen
gulan ef re gollas an plas 92°
a'm luf thyghyow a wrussen
pan wruge dres ov defen
mes a parathys lowen
an el whare a'n goras
ow spyrys ny dryc nefre 92s
yn corf map den vyth yn beys
ha reson yv ha prage
rag y vos kyc methel gurys
nynsus den ort ov seruye
len ha guyryon me a greys 93°
yn ol an beys sav noe
ha'y wrek ha'y flehes kefrys
Tunc veniet deus pater ad noe et dicit
DEUS PATER
Sa ban noe ow seruont ker
dus gene pols the wandre
ha dy'so my a leuer 935
yntrethon taclow pryve
NOE
A das dev yn vhelder
bynyges re by nefre
rag genes yn pup teller
parys of the lafurye 94°
DEUS PATER
Noe mar luen yv an beys
lemyn a scheroAvynsy
L. 933. Pryce gives Ga ban, but the manuscript has Sa ;
a comparison with Saw, in fol. 7^. 1. i, with Salomon, in 21^.
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(delwedd F0534) (tudalen 071)
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THE WORLD. 71
Here heginneth of Noah and the ark; and God
says : —
GOD THE FATHER,
Evil is with me to have made man.
Altogether hke myself, certainly.
By listening to a woman,
Clean he has lost the place, 920
Which my right hand had made.
When he acted against my prohibition,
Out of happy Paradise,
The angel soon put him.
My spirit shall not dwell always 925
In the body of any son of man in the world.
And reason there is, and why.
That he is made of soft flesh.
There is no man to serve me.
Trusty and true, I believe, 93°
In all the world, but I!^oah,
And his wife, and his children also.
Then God the Father shaU come to Noah ; and lie
' says : —
GOD THE FATHER.
Stand up Noah, my dear servant,
Come to walk with me a while.
And I will tell thee, WS
Between ourselves, things privately.
NOAH.
O Father, God on high,
Blessed be thou ever.
For with thee in every place
I am ready to act. 940
GOD THE FATHER.
Noah, very full is the world
Now of hypocrisy,
1. 3 from bottom, &c. &c. will clearly show this. It is a
contraction from Saf yn ban. See 1. 65 ; see also 1, 1403.
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(delwedd F0535) (tudalen 072)
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72 BEGINNING OF
may thew theweth djnythys
ynno a gyk pup huny
gans pegh mar vr ev flerys 945
na allaf sparie na moy
hep gul dyel a ver speys
war pep ol sur marnas ty
Rag henna fystyn ke giira
gorhel a blankos playnyys 950
hag ynno lues trygva
romes y a vyth gylwys
aves hag agy yn-ta
, gans pek bethens stanchvrys
ha tryhans keuelyn da 9SS
an lester a vyth a hys
ha hanter cans keuelyn
yn-weth ty a wra y les
yn vhelder my a vyn
dek-warn-ugans y vos gures 960
war tu dylarg daras yn
ty a wra yv port hynwes
tresters dretho ty a pyn
a-drus rag na vo degees
^'J. NOE
Arluth kepar del vynny 965
an gorhel sur my a"'n gm^a
pyth ev an othom dy'nny
cafus lafur an par-na
aban vynnyth pup huny
lathe ol an nor vys-ma 97°
sav vnsel ov tus hammy
lath ny ganse mage ta
DEUS PATER
noe dre the thadder bras
ty a vew ov grath nefre
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(delwedd F0536) (tudalen 073)
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THE WORLD. 73
That the end is come :
In it of flesh, every one
With such great sin is fetid, 945
I cannot spare any longer,
Without bringing a flood of great duration
Over all surely except thee.
Therefore hasten, go, make
A ship of smooth planks, 950
And in it many dwellings,
Rooms they shall be called.
Without and within, well
Be it staunched with pitch.
And three hundred cubits good 955
The ship shall be in length ;
And half a hundred cubits
Also thou shalt make its width.
In height I wish it
To be made thirty cubits. 960
On the hinder part a door in
Thou shalt make ; it is called a port.
Beams through it thou shall nail
Across, that it may not be opened.
NOAH.
Lord, as thou wilt, • 965
Surely I will make the ship.
What is the need for us
To have such labour ?
Since thou wilt kill every one
Who is on the face of the world, 970
Save only my people and me,
Kill us with them as well-.
GOD THE FATHER.
Noah, for thy great goodness,
Thou shalt live ever in my favour.
E
i
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(delwedd F0537) (tudalen 074)
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74 BEGINNING OF
kemer the wrek ha'th flehas 975
h'aga gvraget gor ganse
a bub eghen best jn wlas
gor genes dew annethe
a bup kynde ethen vas
. . y'th worhel guet dew gorre 980
rag lyf bras my a thoro
a gutho ol an nor beys
myns den vs yn beys may fo
kyns bos due an lyf buthes
spyrys a vewnans ynno 98s
vynytha na vo guylys
gor gura del dyscaf thy'so
pan vo gures my a thue thy's
A bub eghen a kunda
gorow ha benow yn weth 990
aga gora ty a wra
yn the worhel aberveth
pup maner bos yn bys-ma
vs the dybry may telet
rag den ha best magata 995
yn the lester ty a fet
tunc transeat deus pater in celum et didt noe
NOE
Arluth cuf the arghadow
y wruthyl res ev thy'mmo
ythaf hep ynnyadow
the wonys a dro thotho 1000
Time let noe ad uxorem suam et dicit ei noe
NOE
heeth ov bool thy*'mmo tovth ta
ov thardar ha'm mortholow
L. 984. Due in this place cannot possibly mean " come."
See 1. 2838, where there can be no doubt whatever of the
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(delwedd F0538) (tudalen 075)
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THE WORLD. 75
Take thy wife and thy children, 97S
And put their wives with them ;
Of every sort of beast in the land, -
Put two of them with thee ;
Of all kinds of good birds,
Take care to put two in thy ark ; 980
For I will bring a great flood,
That it cover all the face of the earth :
That all men who are in the world
May be drowned before the flood is gone.
The spirit of life in it 98s
Never more shall be seen.
Do as I teach thee ;
When it is done, I Avill come to thee.
Of all sorts of species,
Males and females also, . 99<^
Thou shalt put them
In thy ark within.
All manner of food in this world,
Which ought to be eaten
By man and beast, as well, 995
In thy ship thou shalt have.
Then let God tlie Father pass into heaven ; and
Noah says : —
NOAH.
Wise Lord, thy injunctions,
Need is to me to do them.
I go, without denials.
To work about it. - 1000
Then Noah shall go to his vnfe ; and Noah says
to her : —
NOAH.
Reach me my axe quickly,
My auger and my hammers ;
meaning. May it be from deweth, " end ?"
B 2
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(delwedd F0539) (tudalen 076)
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T6' BEGINNING OF
my a vyn mos alema
the wruthyl ov n^'^gyssow
UXOE NOE
mester yn scon my a wra 1005
the'n ta& a nef caradow
pup ober ol yn bys-ma
a wren re bo plygadow
Tunc iet ad operandam navem sua/m et dicit rwe
sroj!
A dev ker assoma squyth
prynnyer derow ov trehy 10 10
vytheth powes my ny'm byth
mar vrevv ew ov yssyly
guyn veys ha quellen an gyth
may fe yrhys thy'm hethy
arluth warnas tregeryth 1015
goef a ra the serry
Ut tunc veniet deus pater ad noe et dicit ei
DEUS PATER
lemyn noy y'th worhel ke
ty hag ol meyny the gy
drefen luen ty thu'm seruye
ov cres a fet venary 1020
a pup best kemmyr whare
gorow ha benow defry
ol a'n ethyn ov nyge
guet copel may kemery
lo^. Annethe the sawye has 1025
rag sythyn wose liemma
dew vgens dyth my a as
glaw the gothe awartha
kynyuer den vs yn wlas
na tra yn bys ov pewe •o.?©
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(delwedd F0540) (tudalen 077)
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THE WORLD. 77
I will go hence,
To do my errands.
Noah's wife.
Master, I will do it directly ; • too.
To the beloved Father in heaven,
All work in this world
Which we do, be it agreeable.
Then he shall go to build his ship^ and Noah
says : —
NOAH- . .
O, dear God, I am weary.
Cutting oak sticks ; «oio
There is never rest to me.
So bruised are my limbs.
Gladly I would see the day
Which it is enjoined me to reaelu
Lord, on thee he love.; toij
Miserable is he who angereth thee.
And tlhen God (lie Father shall come to Noah ; ami
lie says to him : —
GOD THE FATHEB.
Now, Noah, go into thy ark,
Thou and all within thy house ;
Because thou servest me fully.
My peace be with thee for ever. *o2a
Of all beasts tak^e forthwith
Males and females, really,
Of all the birds flying.
Be careful to take a couple.
To save seed from them ; «o2s
For a week after this
Forty days I will allow
Rain to fall from above.
So many men as are in the land,
Any thing in the world living, *o.?o
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(delwedd F0541) (tudalen 078)
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78 BEGINNING OF
sav vnsol ty ha'th flehas
gans lyf y wraf the lathe
NOE
a das benyges del os
the arhadow me a wra
my a vyn alemma mos 1035
tho'm gvrek ha'm flehes totta
[iVoe dicit ad itxorem siumb\
a vryes hep falladow
mebyon ha myrhes kefrys
dre voth a'n tas caradow
ymma gorhyl cref ordnys ^040
ffystynnyn fast bys thotho
rag y tue lyf war an bys
may fo pup den ol ynno
ha pup best warbarth buthys
UXOR
A master ker my a wra 1045
pup tra kepar del vynny
dun ol the'n gorhyl toth da
gans lyf na wrellen buthy
SEM
del yv gorhemmynnys thy'n
my a's gor bys yn gorhal 1050
kefrys bestes hag ethyn
ha cam degyns bos hep fal
CAM
Ota saw bos war ov kyn
Jafet degyns saw aral
awos an tas fystenyn 1055
rag ovn namnag of pur thai
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(delwedd F0542) (tudalen 079)
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THE WORLD. 79
Save thee alone and thy children,
With the flood I am about to kilL
NOAH.
Father, blessed as thou art,
Thy commands I will do.
1 will go hence 1035
To my wife and children, in haste.
\Noah says to his wife ;] —
O spouse, without fail.
Sons and daughters likewise.
By the will of the beloved Father,
There is a strong ship ordained ; 1040
Let us hasten quickly to it ;
For a flood comes upon the earth,
That in it all men will be.
And all beasts drowned together.
WIFE.
O master dear, I will do 1045
Every thing like as thou wishest.
Let us come all to the ark quickly,
That we be not drowned by the flood.
SHBM.
As it is commanded to us,
I will put them into the ark, 1050
Beasts and birds also ;
And let Ham bring food without fail.
HAM.
See the load of food on my back ;
Let Japhet bring another load ;
Because of the Father, let us hasten ; 1055
For fear I am well nigh quite blind.
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(delwedd F0543) (tudalen 080)
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80 BEGINNING OF
JAFET
yma gene vn be da
agorre hag eys kemyskys
ol the'n bestes vs omma
a gef bos lour dewthek rnys 1060
Et tunc eant omnes intra homilies et jv/menta et
dicit noe
NOE
yn hanow a"*!! tas gvella
dun aberveth desempys
agan gorhyl a wartha
gans glaw ef a vyt cuthys
merg/t guarthek raogh ba deves 1065
dreugh abervet desempys
sav an ethyn byneges
y a nyg quyc hag vskys
a das del on the wythres
a bol hag a lyys formys 107a
bytli dy'nny nerth ha gveres
rag warnas prest ny a bys
SEM
my a vyn lemyn tyldye
guartha a'n gorhyl gans queth
ha henna a ra guythe io7S
na theflfo glaw aberveth
CAM '
yn hanow dev d'y lawe
tyy py ny agan beth meth
yma ov tegens ywe
hager gowes war ov feth 1080
* gorra B,
L. 1079. I divide tegens ywe, not tegen sywe, as in Pryce.
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(delwedd F0544) (tudalen 081)
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THE WORLD. 81
JAPHET.
Here is with me a good bundle
Of hay and corn mixed;
All the beasts which are here.
Shall find food enough twelve months. »o6o
Then let aU go in, onen and catth ; and Noah
says : —
NOAH.
In the name of the best Father,
Let us come in immediately ;
Our ark, from above,
With rain it will be covered.
Horses, cattle, pigs, and sheep, *o65
Bring within forthwith ;
But the blessed birds,
They fly quickly and readily.
Father, as we are thy work,
Made of clay and mire, ^oi^
Be to us strength and help.
For to thee ever we pray.
SHEM.
1 will now cover
The top of the ark with a cloth,
And this will keep, >o75
That the rain may not come in.
HAM.
In the name of God, be he praised,
Cover what we call our grave ;
Here there is coming
A fierce shower, on my faith. 1080
I know DO other instance of such a construction as he gives ;
in the MS. the words are not divided at all.
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(delwedd F0545) (tudalen 082)
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82 BEGINNING OF
JAFET
ota cowes pur ahas
ny's pyrth den mara peys pel
a wronnd an dor stremys bras
ov tewraga gans mur nel
lOb. NOB
dre grath a'n nef agan tas 1085
ny a's feeth kyn fo mur fel
agan gorhel re nygyas
re'n sawye arluth huhel
DEUS PATER
Marow yv pup tra ese
spyrys a vewnans
ynno 109°
my a worhemmyn whare
the'n glaw na moy na wrello
an lyf woth gurens ymdenne
me a commonnd scon dotho
-th'y teller kyns eus arte 109s
noe gonys may hallo
NOB
gallas an glaw the ves gvlan
ha'n dour my a gres basseys
da yv yn mes dyllo bran
mar ses dor segh war an beys "oo
SEM
My a's dyllo ahanan
ny thue arte my a greys
mar kyf carynnyas certan
warnethe y tryg pup preys
L. 1085-8. I can account for ny only by supposing it to
be the complement of agan in the preceding line, curiously
brought into a second verse. For the next verses, see Pryce
sub voc. renygyas and rensawy ; shewing that he had seen
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(delwedd F0546) (tudalen 083)
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THE WORLD. 83
JAPHET.
See a shower, really without ceasing ;
Man cannot bear it if it drops long.
Great streams cover the earth,
Thickening with much violence.
NOAH.
Through favour of heaven, our Father 1085
Will stop it ere it be very long ;
Our ark hath floated,
May it save us, exalted Lord.
GOD THE FATHER.
Dead is every thing that there was
The spirit of life in it. ^°9°
I will soon command
To the rain that it do no more.
Let the fierce flood withdraw :
I command it forthwith,
To its former place let it go again, '095
That Noah may till the ground.
NOAH.
The rain is clean gone away,
And the water, I believe, abated ;
It is good to send out a crow,
If it be dry ground over the world. » ^°^
SHEM.
I will send it from us.
It will not come again, I believe ;
If it finds carrion, certainly,
It will always stay upon it.
some translation of
this mystery, which he misunderstood.
L. 1093. I suppose woth "angry," &c. Cf. gvoyth,
Welsh : perhaps the word may be weth, " also."
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(delwedd F0547) (tudalen 084)
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84 BEGINNING OF
Et tunc mittet corvum extra et ultra non est reversa
NOE
Guyr thy'm ty a tharyvas "05
an vargh-vran-na th'y whele
yma war garynnyas bras
. ov tybry fest dybyte
an golom glas by lagas
yn mes gura by delyfre "^o
lelle etben ren-ov-tbas
leuerel ny won pie fe
SEM
my a wra by delyfre
wbare a das earadow
ba by a wra aspye "'5
mar sus dor segb yn nep pow
Ut tunc mittet colvmiham, extra quae statim r&mr-
tetur ad navem et capietur intra
CAM
by delyfre my a wra
yn mes yn banow a'n tas
lemyn ke aspy in-ta
mar sus tyr segb in neb gulas "20
\hic venit colu/mba porta/ns ramum olive in ore *z*o]
JAPET
dynytbys yv bag yma
yn by myyn brancb olyf glas
by cemeres my a wra
agy tbe'n gorbyl toth bras
NOE
An tas dev re bo gortbyys '"S
synsys mur on tb'y gare
L. 1 108. vargh-vran, literally "horse-crow," is a raven:
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(delwedd F0548) (tudalen 085)
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THE WORLD. 85
And then he shall send out a raven, and it re-
turrted no more.
NOAH.
Truly thou hast told me, "os
To look for that raven ;
It is upon great carrion,
Eating fast without pity.
The dove with blue eyes,
Liberate her -outside ; i"o
A more faithful bird, by the Father,
I cannot say where there is.
SHEM.
I wiU liberate her
Soon, father dear,
And she will see, "'5
If there be dry land in any place.
And then he shaM send out the dove, which shall
immediately retwm to the ship, and he taken in.
HAM.
I will let her go
Outside, in the Father's name.
Now go, and look well
If there be dry land in any country. 1120
[Here the dove comes, bringing a branch of olive in
her mouth.^
JAPHET.
She is come, and there is
In her beak a branch of green olive ;
I will take her
Inside the ark with great speed.
NOAH.
The Father God be worshipped, '125
We are much bound to love him ;
in the vocabularies it is marvran.
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(delwedd F0549) (tudalen 086)
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86 BEGINNING OF
nans yw an lyfow basseys
pan vs gveyth ov tesehe
ov mebyon my a gy peys
yn mes wheth dylleugh trysse 1130
mar kyf tyr sygh my a greys
dy'nny ny thewhel arte
JAFET
kepar del vynny a das
my a wra the arhaidow
colom whek glas liy lagas "35
ke nyg a-vgh lues pow
tyr segh yn guel nag yn pras
mar kefyth yn gvyr hep gow
ynno gueet in-ta whelas
bos the'th ly ha the'th kynyow 1 14°
Et mittet aliam columhcmi que revertetur portans
ra/mum olive in ore sito^
1 1*. SEM
Na nyl oges nag yn pel
ny's guelaf ov trenyge
hy re gafes dyhogel
dor dyseghys yn nep le
NOE
yn hanow a'n tas vhel "45
an gorhel guren dyscuthe
Bos segh ha tek an awel
the dev y coth thy''n grasse
Ut tunc discoopericmt nauem et dicit Noe
gorthyans ha gras thy's a das
dyseghys yv an nor veys ' 1150
nynsus yn guel nag yn pras
tus vev saw ny my a greys
- *> This line erased by a subsequent hand.
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(delwedd F0550) (tudalen 087)
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THE WORLD. 87
Now the floods are abated.
When the trees are drying,
My sons, I pray you,
Send outside yet a third ; 1 130
If it finds dry ground, I believe
It will not return to us again.
JAPHBT.
Like as thou wilt, father,
I will do thy commands.
Sweet blue-eyed dove, 1135
Go, fly over much country.
Dry land in field or in meadow
If truly thou find without deceit,
In it take good care to seek
Food for thy breakfast and for thy dinner. 114°
And lie sJwM send another dove, which shall return,
bringing a branch of olive in her inovih.
SHEM.
Not one near nor far,
I see her not flying over ;
She has certainly found
The earth dried in some place.
NOAH.
In the name of the Father on high, 1 145
The ark let us uncover.
That the weather is dry and fair,
It is incumbent on us to thank God.
And then let tJiem uncover the ship; and Noah
Worship and thanks
be to thee, O Father,
Dried is the face of the earth ; "S©
There are not in field nor in meadow,
Men living, except us, I believe.
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(delwedd F0551) (tudalen 088)
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88 BEGINNING OF
UXOR
gurens dev j voth ha'y vynnas
py-penag vo yn y vreys
pur wyr y gallos yv bras "SS
yn nef hag yn tyr kefrys
Ut tunc veniet Beits pater ad Noe et stans in platea
et dicit
DEUS PATEE
Noe my a worhemmyn thy's
ke yn mes a'th worhel scon
the wrek ha'th flehas kefrys
ethyn bestes ha prevyon ti^o
cresseugh coullenweugh an beys
avel kyns ketep map pron
rag may fewgwhy sostoneys
eugh the wonys guel ha ton
NOE
the volungeth yn pup le « »6s
arluth vhel my a wra
yn mes a'n gorhel wharre
my ha'm gurek ha'm flehas A
yn onour dev th'y lawe
guren vn alter tek ha da njo
may hyllyn sacryfye
thotho war an keth honna
CA3I
yn dewellens pecadow
gul alter sur da vye
ha thotho agan lothnow "75
warnethy sacryfye
JAFET
tekke alter yn neppow
ny alse den aspye
es del vs gen en hep wow
dres an moimt calvarye * » »8o
[hie paratwr altare et deus pater stet iuxta]
L. 1 155. alios B.
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(delwedd F0552) (tudalen 089)
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THE WORLD. 89
HIS WIPE.
Let God do his will and his pleasure,
Whatever be in his judgment.
Very truly his power is great, » iSS
In heaven and in earth hkewise.
Then God the Father shall come to Noah ; and,
standiTig on the sta^e, says : —
GOD THE FATHER.
Noah, I command thee,
Go out of thy ark immediately,
Thy wife and thy children also ;
Birds, beasts, and reptiles, 1160
Increase, fill the earth.
As before ; every son of the breast,
That ye may be maintained.
Go, and till field and plain.
KOAH.
Thy will in every place, 1165
O high Lord, I will do ;
Out of the ark soon,
I, and my wife, and my children will go.
In honour of God, be he praised.
Let us make an altar fair and good, "70
That we may sacrifice
To him upon that same.
HAM.
In atonement of sins,
To make an altar would surely be good.
And to him our bullocks 1175
Sacrifice upon it.
JAPHET.
A fairer altar in any place
A man could not see.
Than as is with us, without doubt,
Over Mount Calvary. _ n8o
\Here an alta/r is made ready, and let God the
Father stand necur iti\
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(delwedd F0553) (tudalen 090)
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90 BEGINNING OF
NOB
dege ol agan ethyn
bestes yn weth maga tA
warnythy my a offryn
yn gorthyans the'n tas guella
UXOR EJUS c
bugh offrynne my a vyn "85
whare war an alter-na
y gras re thanvonno thy'n
.an tas dev a wruk pup tra
SEM
Colom genef vy yma
yn onour dev my a wra 119°
war an alter hy gorre
UXOR EJUS
ffesont onan fat ha da
the'n tas dev a'n nef guella
my a offryn hep lettye
CAM
goth dek scon my a offryn "9S
the dev war ben ov dewlyn
hag a's gor war y alter
UXOR EJUS
dev a dal though ol henna
my a offryn mallart da
yn gorthyans the tas dev ker 1200
lib. JAFET
The'n tas dev yn mur enor
war y alter my a wor
grugyer tek hag awhesyth
c Uxor ejus struck out by a recent hand.
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(delwedd F0554) (tudalen 091)
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THE WORLD. 91
NOAH.
Tithe of all our birds,
Beasts also as well,
I will offer upon it,
In worship to the best Father.
HIS WIFE.
I will offer a cow • 1 185
Forthwith upon that altar,
His favour that he may send to us,
The Father God who hath made all things.
SHBM.
A dove with me there is ;
In honour of God I will "90
On the altar put it.
HIS WIFE.
One pheasant fat and good,
To the very good Father God of heaven,
I will offer, without delay.
HAM.
A fair goose forthwith I will offer 119s
To God upon my knees.
And put it upon his altar.
HIS WIFE.
God, all this is due to you ;
1 will offer a good duck
In worship to the dear Father God, 1200
JAPHBT.
To the Father God in great honour,
Upon his altar I will put
A partridge fair and tender.
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(delwedd F0555) (tudalen 092)
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9S BEGINNING OF
UXOR EJUS
yn enour thotho hep fal
ray a offiry n scon aral 1 205
ha ehappon da war ov fyth
£Jt tunc veniet deus pater ad noe et dicit ei
DEUS PATER
Noe rag kerenge orthy's
my ny geraere neifre
trom dyal war ol an veys •
na dre thyal pup lathe *2io
cresseugh collenweugh kefrys
an nor veys a dus arte
war ethyn bestes pop prys
gallos a fyth warnethe
kynyver best vs yn tyr *2i5
ythyn ha puskes kefreys
yv gosteth theugh yn pur wyr
hag y bos theugh ordenys
na dybreugh my a yrvyr
' kyc gans gos bys worfen veys 1220
eug gonetheugh termyn hyr
powes ny 'gys byth nep preys
NOE
pandra amount thy'n gonys
mar serryth orth den hep wow
pan vo ol thy'n lafurryys 1225
agan wheyl a vyt mothow
dre trom dyhal war an veys
ty a wra pep ol marow
mar tha y v genef a vrys
merwel kyns dos drok ancow 1230
DEUS PATER
Noy rak kerenge orthy's
my a wra thy's ambos da
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(delwedd F0556) (tudalen 093)
|
THE WORLD. 9»
HIS WIFE.
In honour to him, without fail,
I will offer immediately another, 1205
And a good capon, on mj faith.
And then God the Father shall come to Noah ; and
lie says to him ; —
GOD THE FATHER.
Noah, for love to thee,
I will never take
Heavy vengeance on all the world.
Nor destroy all by flood. - 12 10
Increase, fill also
The face of the earth, O men, again.
Over birds, beasts, always
Power shall be over them.
As many beasts as are on earth, 1215
Birds and fishes also,
Ai*e obedient to you, very truly,
And their meat, to you ordained ;
I command you not to eat
Flesh with blood to the end of the world. 1220
Go, cultivate for a long term ;
No rest be to you at any time.
NOAH.
What avails it to us to cultivate.
If thou be angry with man, without a lie.
AVhen all is laboured by us, 1225
Our work will be failing.
By heavy vengeance on the world,
Thou wilt make all dead.
As well it is, in my opinion,
To die before the evil sorrow comes. 1230
GOD THE FATHER.
Noah, for love to thee,
I will make a good promise to thee ;
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(delwedd F0557) (tudalen 094)
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94 BEGINNING OF
luen dyal war ol an veys
ny gemeraf vynytha
NOB
ambosow orth tryher gureys 1235
annethe nynses laha
dre sor kyn fens y terry s
the sconya my ny alia
DBUS PATBR
my ny dorraf bys vycken
an acord vs lemyn gureys - 1240
yntre my ha lynneth den
bys vynytha ef a veys
yn record yu tokyn len
ov guarak a fyth settyys
yn ban 3m creys a'n ebren 1 245
na alio bones terreys
honna a vyth tokyn da
a'n acord vs gureys hep fal
kyn fynnyf war an bys-ma
tevlel vyngeanns na dyal 1250
my a vyr scon orth honna
hag a'n acord a vyth cof
gans lyf ny wraf bynytha
lathe an dus guyls na dof
Et tunc recedit ah eo et dicit noe
NOB
Arluth del os dres pup tra 1255
the worhenmyn a vyt gureys
mos the wonys my a wra
ha'm gurek ha'm flehes kefrys
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(delwedd F0558) (tudalen 095)
|
THE WORLD. ga^
Full vengeance on
the whole world
I will not take ever.
NOAH.
Promises made by the mighty, 1235
Are no law to them ;
Though they be broken in anger,
I am unable to resist.
GOD THE FATHER.
I will not break for ever
The agreement which is now made 1240
Between me and the race of man ;
For ever it shall be.
In record there is a faithful sign : —
My bow shall be set.
Up in the midst of the sky, 1245
That it may not be broken.
That shall be a good sign,
Of the agreement which is made, without fail.
If ever I should wish upon this world
To cast vengeance or flood, 1250
I will immediately look at that.
And of the covenant shall be remembrance.
By flood I will not ever
Destroy mankind wild nor tame.
And then he goes away from, hi/m ; and Noali
says : —
NOAH.
Lord, as thou art above every thing, 1255
Thy order shall be done.
To till I will go.
And my wife and my children also.
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(delwedd F0559) (tudalen 096)
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96 BEGINNING OF
hie pompahit ahraham et postea dicit
1 2». ABRAHAM
me a vyn mos the'n temple
ha dev ena y worthye 1260
kepar del goth tliy'mmo vy
ef yv arluth nef ha'n beys
ha henna sur my a greys
a luen colon pur theifry
[hie descendit\
DEUS PATER
abram abram fystyne "65
gura ha dus thy'mmo wharre
rak collenwel both ov breys
reys yv thy''so lafurrya
vn pols byhan alemma
del lauaraf pur wyr they's "270
ABRAHAM
dynythys of • the'th volungeth
arluth porth cof • yn deyth dyweth
am enef vy
lauar thy'mmo • pandra wrama
y'n guraf ytho • scon yn tor-ma 1275
yn pur deifry
DEUS PATER
ov bolungeth mar mynnyth
y collenwel hep let vyth
the vap ysac a geryth
y offrynne reys yv thy's "8©
war veneth a thysquethaf
thy'so gy del lauaraf
an couath byth ny hassaf
mar qureth thy'm a'n sacryfys
[Mc ascendit deua ad celum\
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(delwedd F0560) (tudalen 097)
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THE WORLD. 97
Here Abraham shall walk ahovi ; a/nd afterwards
he says : —
ABRAHAM.
I will go to the temple,
And will worship God there, 1260
As it is incumbent on me.
He is Lord of heaven and earth,
And that I surely believe
With full heart, very earnestly.
[Here he comes down.^
GOD THE FATHER.
Abraham, Abraham, hasten 1265
Do, and come to me soon,
To fulfil the wish of my mind.
It is necessary for thee to do
A httle while hence.
As I shall truly tell thee. 1270
ABRAHAM.
I am come • to thy will ;
Lord, remember, • in the end of days,
My soul.
Tell me * what I shall do ;
I will do it now, • immediately in this time, 1275
In very seriousness.
GOD THE FATHER.
My will, if thou wilt
Fulfil it, without hesitation,
Thy son Isaac, whom thou lovest.
It is necessary for thee to offer him 1 280
Upon the mountain which I shall shew
To thee, as I say.
I will never cease from remembering thee.
If thou sacrifice him to me.
[Here God goes up to heaven.^
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(delwedd F0561) (tudalen 098)
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98 BEGINNING OF
ABRAHAM
arluth ker an sacryfys 1285
a vyth gurys orth both the vreys
ow map ysac offrynnys
ef a vyth war an meneth
me a''n gor war an alter
hag a'n lesk gans tan prynner 129°
ny sconnyaf yn nep maner
a wul ol the voluneth.
[hie veniet adJUiwrn suwin\
ow map ysac thy'm y reys
the dev gruthyl sacryfys
del yv arluth beys ha nef 129.S
kymer thy"'ramo ve kunys
gans louan bethens strothys
ha war the keyn doga ef
YSAC
otte omma ve kunys
ha fast ef gynef kelmys 13°°
pur wyr a das
dun alemma desempys
bys yn meneth yv ordnys
gans dev a ras
ABRAHAM
tan ha clethe • yma gene 1305
. lemmyn parys
dun alemma * rag offrynna
an sacryfys
TSAC
ow tas a vy • marth yn teifry
vs thy'm lemmyn 1310
ABRAHAM
ow map kerra • pen-dra vynta
orthyf govyn
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(delwedd F0562) (tudalen 099)
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THE WORLD. 99
ABRAHAM.
Dear Lord, the sacrifice 1285
Shall be done to the wish of thy mind ;
My son Isaac offered
He shall be on the mountain ;
I will put him upon the altar,
And burn him with fire wood. 1390
I refuse not in any manner
To do all thy will.
[Here lie shall coine to his son.^
My son Isaac, to me need is
To God to make a sacrifice,
As he is Lord of earth and heaven. 1295
Take fire-wood for me ;
With rope let it be bound,
And on thy back carry it.
ISAAC.
Behold, here is wood,
And fast it is bound by me, «3oo
Very truly, O father.
Let us go hence immediately
Unto the mountain, which is ordained
By the God of grace.
ABRAHAM.
Fire and sword • are with me ^^°S
Now prepared ;
Let us go hence, • to offer
The sacrifice.
ISAAC.
My father of me, • a wonder really
There is to me now. ^3'°
ABRAHAM.
My dearest son, • what wilt thou
Ask of me ?
F 2
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(delwedd F0563) (tudalen 100)
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100 BEGINNING OF
TSAC
otte omma yn certan
prynner gemef the wul taan
degys a dre 1315
pie ma an oifryn a das
a vyth leskys the thev ras
rag y worthye
12^. ABRAHAM
Dev a thanfon thy'n a'n nef
herwyth y volungeth ef 1320
ov map certan y fyth gurys
my a vyn war an alter
gorre lemmyn an prynner
rag lesky an sacryfys
[hie ponit lignu/m super akare]
me a leuer ov map thy's 1325
dev thy'mmo vy a erghys
may fythe gy oifrynnys
thotho ef war an alter
YSAC
y volungeth mar sywa
y offendye ny vynna 1330
kyn fen marow yn tor-ma
an mernans me a'n kymmer
ABRAHAM
ke yn ban war an kunys
hag ena groweth a heys
may hylly bones leskys 1335
a vap whek ythof euthys
ow colon yv marthys claf
thy'so gy del lauaraf
offendye dev ny vynnaf
Awos den fyth war an beys 1340
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(delwedd F0564) (tudalen 101)
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THE WORLD. 101
ISAAC.
Behold here certainly,
Wood by me to make a fire
Carried to the place. 13^$
Where is the offering, O father,
Which shall be burnt to the God of grace
For worshipping him ?
ABRAHAM.
God will send to us from heaven ;
According to his will, 1320
My son, it will be done certainly.
I will upon the altar
Put now the wood.
To burn the sacrifice.
[Here he piUs the wood upon the altarJ]
I tell thee, my son, 1325
God hath commanded me
That thou be offered
To him upon the altar.
ISAAC-
K it be his will,
I will not offend him ; 1330
If I am to die at this time.
Death I will take it.
ABRAHAM,
Go up upon the wood,
And there lie along.
That thou mayest be burned. i335
O, sweet son, I am grieved.
My heart is wondrous sick ;
As I say to thee,
Offend God I will not.
Because of any man on the earth. 1340
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(delwedd F0565) (tudalen 102)
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102 BEGINNING OF
YSAC
byth lemmyn a confort da
pan yv both dev yn della
y kemeres me a wra
an mernans certan warnaf
a tas whek ol caradow 1345
ov dyw-luef colm ha'in garrovv
gans louan fast colmennow
na allan seuel am saf
mar pethaf kelmys lemmyn
offens vythol er-the-byn 1350
pan clewfyf vy an tan tyn
parhap y wrussen fye
a tas ker ol caradow
ov paynys a vyth garow
kyn vos leskys the lusow j^35S
A thev gorwyth am ene
ABRAHAM
a ow map ker • na porth a wher
dev a'th weres
ef dev a ras • a'n cova'th ny has
termyn byth nes 1360
lemyn yn hast • me a'th kelm fast
a ver termyn
gans ov clethe • sur the lathe
scon me a vyn
hie descendit gabriel et veniet ad ahraJw/m, et tetiet
gladium ejus
GABRIEL
abram abram scon goslow ^365
lemyn orth ov lauarow
a fynnaf dyry vas thy's
L. 1351. Possibly clewsyfs but I find also clewfo in
D. 3063.
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(delwedd F0566) (tudalen 103)
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THE WORLD. 103
ISAAC.
Be now of good comfort ;
If the will of God is so,
I will take
Death certainly upon me.
O sweet father, all beloved, 1345
Tie my hands and my legs
With a rope, fast knots.
That I may not stand up.
If I be not bound now,
Whatever offence against thee, «35o
When I should feel the fire smart.
Perhaps I should flee.
O father dear, all beloved.
My pains will be cruel
Before being burnt to ashes : 1355
O God, keep my soul.
ABRAHAM.
O my dear son, • do not complain,
God will help thee. [remembrance ;
He is a God of grace, * he will not cease from thy
The term is near. 1360
Now in haste, ' I will bind thee fast ;
In a short time,
With my sword, * surely thee kill
Soon I will.
Here Gabriel conies down, and shall conie to Abi'o-
Jw/m ; and he holds his sword.
GABRIEL.
Abraham, Abraham, immediately hearken 1365
Now to my words.
Which I will declare to thee.
L. 1359. dev yu a
ras B.
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(delwedd F0567) (tudalen 104)
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104 BEGINNING OF
ABRAHAM
pyw OS a gevs mar huhel
lauar thy'mmo dyowgel
del y'm kerry me a'd peys 1370
GABRIEL
abram me a leuer thy'&
el a'n nef of danfenys
rag guythe na ve lethys
the vap ysac yw the ioy
yn pur wyr dev a aswon 1375
volungeth ol the colon
rag henna ymden yn scon
a thy worto ef deifry
13^. ABRAHAM
A thev ker re by gorthys
bos ov map thy'mmo sawyys 1380
ow colon yv sur yaghys
nynsus arluth vyth saw ty
yn gorthyans thotho omma
ofFrynnye an keth mols-ma
yn le ysac y settya 1385
war an alter the lesky
YSAC
tan yn kunys • gorraf vsky&
why the a wraf
a thev a'n nef • clew agan lef
del y'th pysaf 139°
ABRAHAM
an sacryfys • the thev yv gurys
dun ny the dre
ow map ysac • scon dus yn rac
gura ov sywe
\
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(delwedd F0568) (tudalen 105)
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THE WORLD. 105
ABRAHAM.
Who art thou, talking so high ?
Speak to me cleai'ly.
As thou lovest me, I pray thee. «37o
GABRIEL.
Abraham, I say to thee.
An angel from heaven I am sent
To preserve that be not killed
Thy son Isaac, who is thy joy.
Very truly, God knows . 13 75
All the wish of thy heart ;
For this, withdraw immediately
From him, in earnest.
ABRAHAM.
O God dear, be thou worshipped ;
That my son is saved to me, 1380
My heart is surely healed ;
There is not any Lord, save thee.
In worship to him here,
/ will offer this same sheep :
In stead of Isaac / will put it 1385
Upon the altar to burn.
ISAAC.
Fire to the wood • I put quickly ;
I will blow it.
O God of heaven, • hear our voice,
As I pray thee. 1390
ABRAHAM.
The sacrifice • to God is made.
Let us come home.
My son Isaac, • at once come forth,
Do follow me.
F3
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(delwedd F0569) (tudalen 106)
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106 BEGINNING OF
Hie venit moyses et dicU et deus pater stet ante
ipswrn, ,
MOYSES
yma marth thy'm a vn dra 139s
an pyth lemmyn a wela
an bosnos dywy a wra
saw nynsugy ov lesky
me a vyn mos the vyras
hag a wothfyth kyns denas 1400
a thyworto ol an cas
tra astrang yv thy'mmo vy
DEUS PATER
moyses moyses saf ena
na nes na thus na fella
rag ny vynnaf theworthy's 140S
dysk the skyggyow quyk the ves
.'■ seuel war tyr veneges
a wreth del lauaraf thy's
ha my yv dev the tassow
abram ysac sur hep wow 1410
ha iacob yn weth keffrys
MOYSES
ny allaf myres y'th fath
rak golowder ny'mbus grath
a whythre warnas vn prys
DEUS PATEB
yn egip whyrfys yv cas M^s
ov popel vy greuyys bras
gans pharow yv mylyges
ymons thy'm o ov crye
rag an lafur vs thethe
vyth ny y lions ymweres "420
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(delwedd F0570) (tudalen 107)
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THE WORLD. 107
Here Moses comes and speaks ; and let God the
Father stand before him.
MOSES.
There is a wonder to me of one thing '39S
Which now I see :
The bush is on fire,
But is not burning.
I will go to see,
And shall know, before withdrawing «4<»
From it, all the case :
A strange thing it is to me.
GOD THE FATHER.
Moses, Moses, stand there.
Not near, come not, no further,
For I will not ; from thee ^405
Take off thy shoes quickly ;
Stand on blessed ground
Thou dost, as I tell thee.
And I am the God of thy fathers,
Abraham, Isaac, surely, without a lie, H^o
And Jacob likewise.
MOSES.
I cannot look in thy face
For the light : there is not grace to me
To look on thee a while.
GOD THE FATHER.
In Egypt trouble has arisen ; H'S
My people, greatly aggrieved
By Pharoah, who is accursed,
Are to me crying.
For the labour that is upon them ;
They cannot help themselves, »42o
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(delwedd F0571) (tudalen 108)
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108 BEGINNING OF
reys yv thy's mones ytho
bys yn egip the pharo
ha lauar my th'y warnye
Vyth na wrella compressa
ow tus vs trygys ena 1425
rag dout mysshyf the gothe
ty a wra woge hemma
gorre an tus a le na
bys yn tyreth a thynwa
lanwes leyth ha mel kefrys '43°
ny vynnaf orta bones
na pel ena yn dyses
del lauaraf thy's moyses
war the lergh vethens revlys
1 3'*. MOYSES
arluth ny vynnons crysy hss
na clewas ov Yoys a vy
aw OS me the gous thethe
ha tus vyan ha tus vras
ny wruk dev thy'm dysquethas
vyth ny''n cresons ef neffre 1440
DEUS PATER
cous er the fyth • a ver termyn
pandra synsyth • y'th luef lemyn
lauer moyses
MOYSES
guelen a pren • a wraf synsy
ty yv chyften • ha dev thy'nny 1445
luen me a greys
L. 1429. thynwa^ quasi tlmyna, from thwyn : Welsh,
dwyn.
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(delwedd F0572) (tudalen 109)
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THE WORLD. 109
Need is to thee to go there,
Even to Egypt to Pharoah,
And say, I warn him
That he never oppress
My people who dwell there, 1425
For fear of mischief befalling him.
Thou shalt after this
Bring the people thence,
To a land which produces
Fulness of milk and honey also. 1430
I will not that they be
Any longer there in misery ;
As I tell thee, Moses,
After [by] thee they shall be ruled.
MOSES.
Lord, they will not believe, 143s
Nor hear my voice of me.
Notwithstanding that I speak to them.
And people small, and people great.
Will say, God has not declared to me :
They will never believe it. 1440
GOD THE FATHER.
Speak on thy faith, • in a short time;
What boldest thou • in thy hand now ?
Say, Moses.
MOSES.
A rod of wood • I do hold.
Thou art a chieftain, • and God to us, 1445
Fully I believe.
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(delwedd F0573) (tudalen 110)
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110 BEGINNING OF
DBUS PATEB
toul an welen • ol yn tyen
the'n dor vskys
ty a wylfyth • sur yn pyrfyth
merkyl tek gurys 145°
MOYSES
a thev a ras • serponnt yv hy
evth hy guelas • ovn a'm bus vy
crenne a wraf
DEUS PATER
a'n lost kymmer • thethy yn ban
y'th torn hep ger • sens the honan HSS
thy's lauaraf
MOYSES
A arluth ker • my a'n kymer
yn ban wharre
an welen-ma • yn hy kunda
treylys arte »46o
DEUS PATBR
guyth an welen-ma yn ta
ha den vyth drog thy's ny wra
ha'm grath a rof lemyn thy's
hedre vo yn the herwyth
fy thys nefre ny vethyth H65
gans tebeles war an beys
na porth ovn vyth na veth trest
, rag me a vyth genes prest
orth the weres yn pup le
ke alerama dyssempys '470
ha gura ol del leuerys
ha grath thy'so my a re
L. 1452. Pryce translates the words euth hy guelas, "on
her to look," improvising a value for euth. See a similar
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(delwedd F0574) (tudalen 111)
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THE WORLD. Ill
GOD THE FATHER.
Cast the rod • all entirely,
On the ground quickly :
Thou shalt see, • sure perfectly,
A fair miracle done. 1450
MOSES.
God of grace, • it is a serpent ;
1 saw it going ; • fear is upon me ;
I tremble.
GOD THE FATHER.
By the tail • take it up ; [h5S
In thy hand, without a word, • hold it thyself,
I tell thee.
MOSES.
O Lord dear, • I will take it
Up immediately :
This rod • into its natural yor»i
Is turned again. 1460
GOD THE FATHER.
Keep this rod well,
And no one shall do thee harm;
And my grace I now give to thee.
As long as it is in thy power.
Thou shalt never be overcome 1465
By evil thing in the world.
Bear no fear ever, nor be sad, ♦
For I will be with thee, ready
To help thee in every place.
Go hence immediately, 1470
And do all as I have said.
And grace I give thee.
passage, euth y clewas, in D. 2128.
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(delwedd F0575) (tudalen 112)
|
112 BEGINNING OF
M0T8ES
the egipt ythaf vskys
rak colenwel both the vrys
arluth a ras H75
guyn y vys pan ve gynys
a alio gul thy's servys
a'y cof ny'n gas
[Hie d&m ascendit ad cehmi]
Hie pompabit rex
pharo et postea dicit moi/ses
MOYSES
A ty then myghtern pharo
dev a'm daufonas thy'so , 1480
the wofyn prak yv genes
punscie y tus mar calas
vs trygys agy the'th wlas
ahanas raarth a'n gefes
PHARO
a pyth yv an keth dev-na '485
may reys thy'mmo yn tor-ma
a clewas ol y voys ef
y aswon certan ny wraf
popel ysral ny assaf
na's gorren y thy whyl cref 149°
14''. AEON
ha thy'so dev a yrghys
may fe y tus ol gesys
the wul thotho sacryfys
del yv ef gallosek bras
mara qureth aga lettya 1495
na aliens len y servya
me a leuer yn tor-ma
vynions cref a goth warnas
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(delwedd F0576) (tudalen 113)
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THE WORLD. 113
MOSES.
To Egypt I go immediately,
To fulfil the will of thy mind,
Lord of grace. i47S
Happy is he that is born.
To be able to do thee service ;
Out of his memory he does not leave him.
[Here God ascends to heaven.^
Here king Pha/roah
shall walk about ; and after-
wards Moses says : —
* MOSES.
thou man, king Pharoah,
God has sent me to thee, 1480
To ask, why are by thee
His people punished so cruelly,
Which are dwelling within thy land :
He wonders at it from thee.
PHAROAH.
What is that same God, 1485
That need should be to me now
To hear all his voice ?
1 certainly do not know him ;
The people of Israel I will not allow,
That I put them not to hard work. 149°
AARON.
And God has commanded thee,
That his people be all permitted
To make sacrifice to him.
As he is very powerful.
If thou wilt prevent them, 149S
That they may not faithfully serve him,
I say at this time,
Hard vengeance will fall on thee.
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(delwedd F0577) (tudalen 114)
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114 BEGINNING OF
PHARO
out warnaugh a thevv adla
pen-dra wreugh ov reprjfa 15°°
ha my omma yn ov hel
y a vyth guythys calas
hedre vyns y yn ov gulas
rag nynsough mas dev lorel
MOYSES
a ny vynta obeye 1505
the thev a wruk the formye
hag a formyas nef ha'n veys
reys yv thy's ynno crysy
ha luen fythye yn teffry
bo ken ny fythyth sylvvys ^S'o
PHARO
ty a heuel muskegys
hag yn gokyneth gyllys
awos an dev a geusyth
y popel ny vyth sparyys
yssel y fethons guythys iS'i
keffrys yn nos hag yn geyth
ha me a wyth harth na fe
den fyth ol sur anethe
the wul the thev sacrifyth
mar qura gothvethys mar pyth 1520
yn scon dyswreys ef a vyth
ha the'n mernans cot gorrys
ABON
ny vynnyth clewas dev ker
lemyn mos the'n caletter
the colon yw cales bras is*5
mar ny wreth ym-amendye
ef a wra tyn the punssye
may leuerry ogh ellas
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(delwedd F0578) (tudalen 115)
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THE WORLD. 115
PHAROAH.
Out upon ye, two knaves !
Why do you reprove me, 1500
And I here in my hall ?
They shall be kept hard.
As long as they are in my kingdom ;
For ye are naught but two vagabonds.
MOSES.
Wilt thou not obey »505
Thy God who made thee,
And who made heaven and the world ?
Need it is that thou believe in him.
And fully trust in earnest,
Else thou shalt not be saved. 151°
PHAEOAja.
Thou seemest crazed.
And in folly lost.
Because of the God whom thou mentionest ;
His people shall not be spared,
Down they shall be kept, 15 '5
By night and by day also.
And I will hold hard, that there be not
Any man of them, surely.
To make sacrifice to God.
If he does, if it be discovered, 152°
Soon destroyed he shall be.
And to death quickly put.
AARON.
Thou wilt not hear the dear God,
But go to hardness :
Thy heart is very hard. '5 25
If thou dost not mend thyself,
He will severely punish thee,
That thou wilt say, " Oh ! alas !"
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(delwedd F0579) (tudalen 116)
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116 BEGINNING OF
PHARO
out warnas harlot pen cok
scon yn mes quyk a'm golok ' iS3o
na tryk y'm cur
mar a'th caffaf re iovyn
y'th lathaf kyns ys vy ttyn
a'm dew luef sur
IMoyses ambulat in platea]
MOYSES
vyth ny vyn an keth den-ma iS3S
treyle the dev awartha
awos lauar leuerys
ABON
ny yllen travyth thotho
myshyf a goth warnotho
yn certan hag a ver spys »S4o
I NUNCIU8
lowene the flour an beys
yma cas bras wharfethys
ha cothys war the pobel
ny yllons bos nyfyrys
an tus yv marow yn wys iS4S
nynsyw pleysys dev isrel
14b. PHARO
out out out ellas ellas
bos wharfethys yn ov gulas
myshyf an par-ma cothys
lauar thy'mmo kyns mones »55o
py tyller yma moyses
ha py cost yma trygys
L. 1530. B has vo ydo instead of quyk, and Pryce gives
the Une, " scon yn mes void oam golok." I do not see virhy
the change was made, the original being perfectly intelligible.
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(delwedd F0580) (tudalen 117)
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THE WORLD. 117
PHAROAH.
Out upon thee, rogue, blockhead I
Immediately out of my sight, quickly, 1530
Nor stay in my court.
If I find thee, by Jove,
I will kill thee before morning
With my hands, surely.
[Moses walks on ike stage.]
MOSES.
Never will this same man 15.^5
Turn to God above.
Because of word said.
AABON.
We cannot do any thing for him,
Evil will fall upon him
Certainly, and in a short time. 1540
FIRST MESSENGER.
Joy to the flower of the world !
A great misfortune has occurred,
And fallen on thy people.
They cannot be numbered,
The people who are dead, in truth : 1545
The God of Israel is not pleased.
PHAROAH.
Oh ! oh ! oh ! alas ! alas !
To have occurred in my land.
Evil like this fallen.
Tell me, before thou goest, 155°
In what place is Moses,
And in what coast is he dwelling.
which the corrected reading is not. Pryce has made it still
worse.
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(delwedd F0581) (tudalen 118)
|
118 BEGINNING OF
I NUNCIUS
yn mesk fleghys ysrael
dysky laha dev huhel
a wra thethe deyth ha nos isss
yma ov cul sacryfys
ha'y pobel ef kekeiFrys
the'n keth dev-na gans mur tros
an donr ha'n eys yv posnys
may th ens mur a tus dyswreys 1560
ha bestes certan y'th wlas
nynsyw aga dev pleysys
genes gy pan os punsys.
ty ha'th pobel mar calas
PHARO
. ellas lerayn pan-dra wraf iS65
conseler gentyl y'th pysaf
a ry thy'mrao cvsyl tha
ov colon yv claf marthys
bos drog an par-ma cothys
yn ov glascor yn tor-ma 1570
CONSULTOR
mar mynnyth bones yn eys
reys yv thy's gorre moyses
aron a'th wlascor yn meys
ha'ga pobel ol ganse
an venenes ha'n fleghys 1575
vethens yn mes exilyys
na theffo onan yn beys
the tryge omma neffre
PHARO
ov vanneth thy's conseler
gul war the lergh hep danger 158©
mennaf yn scon
L. 1579. B has thy so, reading conseler in two syllables, as
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(delwedd F0582) (tudalen 119)
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THE WORLD. 119
FIRST MESSENGER.
Among the children of Israel,
Teaching the law of God the High,
He is to them day and night. i5S5
He is making a sacrifice.
And his people also,
To that same God, with a loud noise.
The water and the corn are poisoned,
So that many of the men are destroyed, "560
And beasts, certainly, in thy land.
Their God is not pleased
With thee, since thou art punished.
Thou and thy people so severely.
PHAROAH.
Alas, now what shall I do ? 1565
Gentle counsellor, I pray thee
To give me good advice.
My heart is wondrous sick.
That such an evil is fallen
. In my kingdom at this time. 157°
COUNSELLOR^
If thou wilt be at ease.
Need is to thee to put Moses
And Aaron out of thy country.
And their people all with them.
The women and the children 15 75
Be outside exiled.
Nor return one in the world,
To live here ever.
PHAROAH.
My blessing on thee, counsellor ;
Do according to thee, without danger,.
I will soon,
in 1. 1566 supra.
L
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(delwedd F0583) (tudalen 120)
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120 BEGINNING OF
pur wyr my a vyn mones
the geusel sur orth moyses
yn weth aron
[hie descendit pharo]
moyses me a commond thy's 1585
ha the aron kekyfrys
may thylleugh yn raes a'm glas
tus venenes ha fleghys
omma ny vethons gesys
del lauaraf theugh an cas '59°
pup den ol degyns ganso
y pyth an mens a alio
war aga keyn fardellow
mesk ov pobel ny vynnaf
na fella agas gothaf iS9S
eugh alemma the ken pow
MOYSES
ny vynnyth the pobel dev
gase cres thy'n yn nep tv
awos tryga yn pov-ma
ty a vyth punsys pur tyn 1500
rag the throg a ver dermyn
gans arluth nef awartha
15a ARON
reys yw mos mes an wlas-ma
nynsus tryga na fella
del heuel thy'nny omma 1605
ny fythyn gesys yn cres
MOYSES
a thev a nef the pysy
a luen colon gueres ny
nag y'n veny vylyny
gans pharow yw myleges 1610
L. 1585. gommond B.
i
I
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(delwedd F0584) (tudalen 121)
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THE WORLD. 121
Truly, I will go
To speak surely to Moses,
Also Aaron.
\ffere Pharoah goes dotvit.]
Moses, I command thee, 1585
And to Aaron likewise,
That ye go out of my country ;
Men, women, and children,
Here shall not he left.
As I tell you the case. 1590
' Let every man take with him
His things, all that he can,
Burdens on their back.
Among my people I will not
Any longer acknowledge you ; «59S
Go hence to another land,
MOSES.
Thou wilt not to the people of God
Allow peace to us on any side,
Whilst we dwell in this land.
Thou shalt be punished very severely, 1600
For thy evil in a short time.
By the Lord of heaven above.
AA.RON.
Need it is to go out of this land ;
There is no staying any longer,
As it appears to us, here «6o5
We are not left in peace.
MOSES.
O God of heaven, I pray thee
With full heart, help us,
That no villainy may be to us
Bv Pharoah, who is accursed. 1610
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(delwedd F0585) (tudalen 122)
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122 BEGINNING OF
I HOMO [gALEPf]
tus venenes ha fleghys
ymons omma dynythys
ha'ga pyth degys ganse
moy ys cans vyl yn nomber
y a tremyn hep thanger 1615
vgy dev ker ov corthye
II HOMO [josue]
gynef yma • farthel pur tha
war ov keyn sur
a thev a nef • clew agan lef
guyth ny y'th cur 1620
MOYSES
the arluth nef ythough druyth
dun alemma the'n mor ruyth
tus venenes ha flehys
the'n tyreth a thy'th wadow
yw reys gans dev caradow ^625
thy''n ena rag vos trygys
[asceTidit super equuifri\
PHARO
gallas moyses ha^y pobel
mes a'm glas hy yv thewel
yn pur wyr war ov ene
me a vyn aga sywe 1630
ha warbarth age lathe
kyns me the treyle the tre
I MILES
bysy yv theugh fystyne
kyns ys y the tremene
an mor ruyth sur 1635
\hic descendit Gabriell]
L. 1616. In Pryce, ugy is read u chy, "to the house," and
his version is, " unto the house of God dear to worship."
I doubt the change of chy to gy, and find no instance of u
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(delwedd F0586) (tudalen 123)
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THE WORLD. 123
FIRST MAN. [CALEB.]
Men, women, and children.
Who are come here.
And their things carried with them.
More than a hundred thousand in number.
They shall pass without danger, 1^615
W)io are worshipping our dear God.
SECOND MAN. [jOSHUA.]
There is with me • a burden very good.
On my back, sure.
God of heaven, • hear our voice,
Keep us in thy care. 1620
MOSES.
To the Lord of heaven ye are bound.
Let us go hence to the Red Sea,
Men, women, and children ;
To the land which to thy ancestors
Is given by the loved God 1625
To us there to be inhabited.
[He mounts a /torse.]
PHAROAH.
Gone Moses and his people
Out of my land they are, it seems ;
Very truly, upon my soul,
1 will follow them, 1630
And together kill them.
Before I return home.
FIRST SOLDIER.
Diligently you must hasten,
Before that they pass
The Red Sea, sure. 1635
[Here Gahriel comes down.'\
meaning " to :" there are several passages in which ugy is
rendered "is" or "who is;" the translation, too, is more
consistent as above given.
» 2,
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(delwedd F0587) (tudalen 124)
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124 BEGINNING OF
ymons a rag pel gyllys
del leuaraf an guyr thy'&
lerayn byth fur
PflARO
dan alemma marrouggyon
kefrys yn weth squyerryon 1640
war aga lergh fystynyn
me a vyn aga lathe
ny vennaf onan sparye
marow vethons kyns vyttyn
I HOMO []galbff3
moyses thy'so lauara ^645
tj a gam wruk yn tor-ma
mes a egip agan dry
Tyth ny yllyn tremene
an mor-ma war ov ene 1
nynsus trumeth vyth thy'nny 1650 ^
II HOMO [josue]
ov tos yma syr pharo j
hag ost bras pur wyr ganso
del leuaraf thyughwhy why
ellas lemyn pen-dra wren
marow vethyn kettep pen 1655
nynsus scapya thy'nny ny
15^. MOYSES
na thyscryssough dev a nef
rag ef a glew agas lef
gureugh why trestye in y gras
del leuaraf vy thy why 1660
ef a embloth rago'n ny
gesough the ves croffolas
:
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(delwedd F0588) (tudalen 125)
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THE WORLD. 125
They are forward, far gone.
As I tell the truth to you;
Now be prudent.
PHAROAH.
Let us go hence, knights.
Also likewise squires, <f6^
After them let us haste.
I will kill them,
I will not spare one ;
They shall be dead before morning.
FIRST MAN. [CALEB.]
Moses, I will tell thee, «^45
Thou hast done wrong in this time,
To bring us out of Egypt :
We shall never be able to cross
This sea, upon my soul :
There is not any merdy for us. 4650
SECOND MAN. [jOSHUA.]
Coming is sir Pharoah,
And a great host truly with him.
As I say to you.
Alas, now, what shall we do?
Dead we shall be, every head, 1655
There is no escape for us.
MOSES.
Do not distrust the God of heaven.
For he will hear your voice ;
Put your trust in his grace.
As I say to you, «66o
He will fight for us ;
Leave off lamentations.
t
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(delwedd F0589) (tudalen 126)
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126 BEGINNING OF
GABRIEL
dev a erghys thy's moyses
the welen ^y kemeres
ha guyskel an mor gynsy 1665
an dour a vger a les
may hylly yn ta kerthes
ty ha'th pobel ol drythy
MOYSES
gorthyans thy's a thev a ras
pan danfensys the cannas 1670
rag pharo th'agan guythe
lauaraf theugh a ^tus vas
kekyfrys byan ha bras
lemmyn gureugh ol ov sywe
[percutit 7ruji/re\
yn hanow dev ty mor glan 1675
me a'th wysk gans ov guelan
vger a les forth thy'nny
may hyllyn mos the'n tyreth
yv ordnys thy^n yn»pyrfeth
gans arluth nef yn teifry 1686
n MILES
del leuaraf arluth thy's
yma moyses pel gyllys
yn mor del heuel thy'mrao
a rag dywhans ov kerthes
an dour ov fysky a les 1685
pup vr ol a thyragtho
ABMIGEB
ol y pobel ymons y
orth y sywe pup huny
ha'n mor a pup tu thethe
L. 1664. hay in MS. but changed to y by B.
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(delwedd F0590) (tudalen 127)
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THE WORLD, 127
GABRIEL.
God has commanded thee, Moses,
To take thy rod
And smite the sea with it. 1665
The water will open wide.
That thou mayst go well,
Thou and ail thy people, through it.
MOSES.
Worship to thee, O God of grace,
Since thou hast sent thy messenger '670
To keep us before Pharoah.
I say to you, O good men.
Little and great also,
Now all follow me.
[ffe smites the sea.]
In the name of God, thou fair sea, 1675
I strike thee with my rod ;
Open wide a path for us,
That we may go to the land
Which is ordained for us perfectly.
By the Lord of heaven, really. 1680
SECOND SOLDIEB.
As I say. Lord, to thee,
Moses far is gone
Into the sea, as it seems to me ;
Forth quickly going,
The water striking wide 1685
Every moment before him.
A SQUIRE.
All his people, they are
Following him every one ;
And the sea on every side, to them
L. 1672. dus B.
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(delwedd F0591) (tudalen 128)
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I2H BEGINNING OF
ov seuel avel dyw fos 1690
guythys yns agy the clos
ny's buth dour certan neifre
PHARO
me a vyn aga sywa
the'n mernans aga gorra
kekyffrys by an ha bras 1695
ny fynnaf certan gase
onan vyth-ol the vewe
pynag a wliarfo an cas
out govy ellas ellas
cothys warnan an mor bras i7°<^
ny a vyth cowal vuthys
dev moyses a wruk hemma
nynsus bewe na fella
ython warbarth myshevyys
ARMIGER
ellas govy • buthys on ny 1705
ny wren scapye
mysshyf lemmyn • cothys worthy'n
nynsus bewe
1 6a. £Jt veniet moi/ses et am'on et Jucit els halle-
lujah et dicet moyses
MOYSES
ray a vyn gruthyl castel
ha drehevel thy'm ostel i7'o
ynno jammes rag trege
Aban yv myghtern faro
buthys ha'y ost ol ganso
ny am byth cres the vewe
CALEP [is homo}
moyses whek ny a dreha i7'5
ragon chy pols the wonys
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(delwedd F0592) (tudalen 129)
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THE WORLD. 129
Standing like two walls. '690
They are kept within the enclosure,
And water will certainly never drown them.
PHAROAH,
I will follow them,
To put them to death.
Small and great too. 4695
I certainly will not leave
Any one of them to live.
Whatever the case may be.
Oh, sad, alas! alas !
The great sea is fallen upon us, ^"joo
We shall be quite drowned.
The God of Moses hath done this ;
There is no living any longer.
We are altogether destroyed.
SQUmE.
Alas! sad, • we are drowned, «7o5
We shall not escape.
Evil now • has fallen upon us ;
There is no living.
And Moses and Awron skaU come, and sing haUe
lujah ; and Moses shall say : —
MOSES. •
I will make a village,
And build myself a mansion, «7«o
In it ever to live.
Since king Pharoah is
Drowned, and all his host with him,
We shall have peace to live.
CALEB, [first MAN.]
Sweet Moses, we will raise 1715
For us a house, a while to dwell ;
»3
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(delwedd F0593) (tudalen 130)
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180 BEGINNING OF
rag ny a yl gul scovva
OT cortes vos goskesys
josuB [iis homo]
Awot omma onan da
ragon ordenys parys ^7^°^
lemyn agan sone gura
kyns ys bones anhethys
MOYSES
banneth a'n tas ragas bo
hag ef prest ragas gvytho
venytha in cosoleth 1725
ha'y gras theugwhy re wronntyo
nefre the blygye thotho
yn dalleth hag yn dyweth
[ascendit super mmitemj
my a wel tyyr guelen gay
ny welys tekke ru'm fay '73°
bythqueth aban vef genys
yn guyrder an thyr guelen
yv dysquythyans ha token
a'n try person yn drynsys
my a vyn aga threhy 1 735
pepynag ol a wharfo
ha'ga don genef yn chy
gorthyans the'n tas dev may fo
[scindit virgas]
ABON
byneges yv an guel-ma
pan vs sawor sur mur da 174°
ov tevos annethe y
A losowys ol a'n bys
mar whek smyllyng my a grys
ny thothe bys venary
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(delwedd F0594) (tudalen 131)
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THE WORLD. 131
For we may make a tent,
Waiting to be sheltered.
JOSHUA, [second man.]
Behold here a good one
Intended for us ready ; *72o
Now bless us
Before it is inhabited.
MOSES.
The blessing of the Father be on thee,
And may it always preserve thee,
For ever at rest; '7^5
And his grace may he grant to you.
Ever to bow down before him.
At the beginning and at the end.
[He goes up on a mountain.]
I see three gay rods,
Nor have I seen fairer, on my faith, '730
Since I was born.
In truth, the three rods
Are a declaration and token
Of the three persons in Trinity.
I will cut them, 1 735
Whatever may happen,
And carry them with me into the house.
That there be worship to God the Father.
[He cuts the rods,]
AARON.
Blessed are these rods.
For the savour is surely very good '740
Coming from them ;
From all the herbs of the world.
Such sweet smelling, I believe.
Will not come for ever.
L
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(delwedd F0595) (tudalen 132)
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132 BEGINNING OF
MOYSES
beneges re bo an tas '745
a vynnas dysquethes thy'n
gvel ynny a gemmys ras
luen a vertu pup termyn
thyworthe magan bo gras
aga malye my a vyn '75°
gans mur a reonte bras
yn cendel hag yn ourlyn
II HOMO [jOSUE]
govy vyth pan vef genys
a dor ov mam dynythys
na vythqueth pan denys bron ^7 Si
gans nader ythof guanheys
hag ol warbarth vynymmeys
afyne trois the'n golon
MOYSES
mar mynnyth cresy certan
nag vs dev lemyn onan '7^
a gotho ynno cresy
ty a saw a'n tros the'n pen
dre vertu a'n thyr guelen
may scon thethe delymmy
1 6'\ II HOMO [jostjb]
My a greys yn dev an tas '765
hag a'd pys yn cherite
moyses del oge den mas
ov sawye dre the pyte
MOYSES
Am thethe a thesempys
yn hanow a'n tas a'n nef '77°
L. 1749. I am inclined to correct this line, and read,
thyworthe may a'n bo gras, " from them that the grace may
remain to us." The change is very slight, and the meaning
more consistent with the context, as well as with the gram-
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(delwedd F0596) (tudalen 133)
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THE WORLD. 133
MOSBS.
Blessed be the Father, «745
Who would shew to us
Rods in which is so much grace,
Full of virtue always.
From them grace is so great,
I will wrap them, «7So
With very great care,
In fine linen and in silk.
SECOND MAN. [jOSHUA.]
Sad that ever I was born,
Out of my mother's womb brought,
Or ever sucked the breast. i7SS
By an adder I am stung,
And altogether poisoned
From foot to the heart.
MOSES.
If thou wilt certainly believe
That there is not a god but one, 1760
In whom thou oughtest to believe^
Thou shalt be healed from the foot to the head,
By virtue of the three rods.
As soon as thou shalt touch them.
SECOND MAN. [jOSHUA.]
I believe in God the Father ; 1765
And I pray thee, in charity,
Moses, as thou art a good man,
Heal me by thy pity.
MOSES.
Kiss them immediately.
In the name of the Father of heaven, 177°
mar of the language.
L. 1756. Original has murder j B has altered it to
nader.
L. 1764. delymhy B.
k
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(delwedd F0597) (tudalen 134)
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134 BEGINNING OF
try person vn dev henwys
ha sur y lyha the gref
II HOMO [josub]
A dev lemyn guyn ov beys
siir aban y'm sawyas ef
y worthy e y teleth they's «77S
mar vskys pan glew the lef
I homo [calefp]
Ellas moyses ogh tru tru
shyndyys of gans cronek dv
ha whethys gans y venym
ov coske yn haus yn hal 1780
lyskys of a'n kyl the'n tal
yn cheryte gueres thy"'m
MOYSES
dev a nef a glew the lef
saw guet may wrylly cresy
lemyn yn tas a wruk nef 1785
tyr ha mor ha den a bry
I HOMO [calefp]
Pur wyr mar lyha ov gref "
my a'n a fyth dysosy
ken arluth agesso ef
ny'n gorthyaf bys vynary 1790
MOYSES
Am lemyn the'n gvellynny
a barth a'n tas veneges
hag y a wra eredy
a pup cleves thy's jehes
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(delwedd F0598) (tudalen 135)
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THE WORLD. 185
Three persons one God named,
And he will surely assuage thy pain.
SECOND MAN. [jOSHUA.]
God, now I am happy,
Surely, since he hath healed me ;
To worship him is incumbent on thee, »775
So quickly when he hears thy voice.
FIRST MAN. [CALEB.]
Alas, Moses ! Oh, sad, sad,
Spit on I am by a black toad.
And blown by his venom,
Sleeping down in the moor ; 1780
I am burned from the nape to the forehead ;
In charity help me.
MOSES.
The God of heaven will hear thy voice,
But take care that thou do believe
Now in the Father who made heaven, 1785
Earth, and sea, and man of clay.
FIRST MAN. [CALEB,]
Truly, if he will lessen my pain,
I shall be bound to him ;
Other Lord than him
I will not worship for ever. i79<»
MOSES.
Kiss now the rods,
On the part of the blessed Father,
And they will surely
From all disease heal thee.
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(delwedd F0599) (tudalen 136)
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136 BEGINNING OF
I HOMO [cALEFF]
Arluth veneges re by »795
del ose dev hep pehes
sawyys yv ov ysyly
ol a'n venym ha'm cleves
\hic descetidit dem pater]
Iis HOMO [jOSUb]
moyses mar sos profus lei
rys yv thy''so dyogei - «8oo
ry dour thy'nny the eve
mar ny wref hep falladow
mur a'n bobyl a verow
ha henna dyeth vye
MOYSES
An tas a'n nef dre y gras »8os
a donvon theugh agas whans
rag y seruonnth yn nep plas
nystefyth font a gyffyans
n HOMO [josue]
the thev ploste gey ny re
na'n nyl thy'n bos na dewes 1810
rag henna thy's my a de
gorthye iovyn veneges
MOYSES
Aron whek pyth a cusyl
a reth thy'm orth am vresyl
a son a'n debel bobel 1815
rag dewes mar nystevyth
yn certan y a dreyl fyth
hag a worth dewow tebel
L. 1806. donvon is certainly a mistake for danvon.
L. 1809. I give the version of Pryce, but it is doubtful : I
I
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(delwedd F0600) (tudalen 137)
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THE WORLD. 137
FIRST JIAN. [CALEB.]
Lord, blessed art thou, 1795
As thou art God without sin ;
Healed are my hmbs,
All of the poison, and my disease.
[Sere God tlie Father comes cfottm.}
SECOND MAN. [jOSHUA.]
Moses, if thou art a faithful prophet,
Need is to thee, certainly, 1800
To give us water to drink ;
If thou dost not, without fail,
Many of the people will die.
And that would be a pity.
MOSES.
The Father of heaven, by his grace, 1805 .
Will send you your desire ;
For his servants in some place
Will bring forth a fountain of pardon.
SECOND MAN. [jOSHUA.]
Thy God dissembles with us too much.
We have not one bit of meat or drink : 18 10
Therefore I swear to thee,
To worship the blessed Jove.
MOSES,
Sweet Aaron, what counsel
Givest thou to me for my judgment,
At the noise of the wicked people : 18 15
For if a beverage be not found.
Certainly they will turn,
And worship evil gods.
do not know how to give a better.
L. 1813. gusyl B. L. 1815. ha son B.
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(delwedd F0601) (tudalen 138)
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138 BEGINNING OF
17^. ARON
ray a leuer ow broder
ny a vyn mos the besy 1820
whare war an arluth ker
del ywe luen a versy
may rollo yn nep teller
dour the eve thethe y
na aliens yn nep maner 1825
kafus ken the thyscrysy
MOYSES
A vroder ov banneth thy''s
rag the gusyl yv pur tha
gueres dywhans my a'd pys
ov fysadow dres pup tra 1830
a das dev y'th wolowys
clew galow a'n bobyl-mA
dour may fens y dysehys 1
a vevnans ry dethe gurA
[hie orat in monte\
ARON
na aliens caffus cheson 1835
the wruthyl crothval na son
warnas a das veneges
mes pan vons dysehys gulan
y a dynagh yn certan
aga dvow myleges 1840
DEUS PATER
moyses kemer the welen
ha ty ha'th vroder aren
a rag a'n debel bobal
guask gynsy dywyth an men
hag y res gover fenten 1845
mar therhyth thotho hep fal
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(delwedd F0602) (tudalen 139)
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THE WORLD. 139
AARON.
1 say, my brother.
We will go to pray, i8ao
Soon to the dear Lord,
As he is full of mercy ;
That he may give, in some place.
Water to them to drink,
That they may in no manner . 1825
Find cause to disbelieve.
MOSES.
O brother, my blessing on thee.
For thy counsel is very good.
Help, quickly, I pray thee.
My prayers above all things : 1830
O Father, God, in thy light.
Hear the call of this people :
That they may be refreshed, the water
Of life do give to them.
[Here he prays in the mount.'^
AABON.
Let them not be able to find cause 1835
To make a complaint, nor a sound
Against thee, blessed Father ;
But when they are quite refreshed.
They will certainly reject
Their false gods. 1840
GOD THE FATHER.
Moses, take thy rod,
And thou, and thy brother Aaron,
In presence of the wicked people.
Strike with it twice the stone,
And a brook, a fountain, will gush, 1845
If thou break it, without fail ;
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(delwedd F0603) (tudalen 140)
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140 BEGINNING OF
may hallo tus ha bestes
ha myns a vynno eve
may whello an debeles
ov gueres menough thethe *8i«
MOYSES
a das dew ker veneges
ny yllyr re the worthe
rag pup vr ol the wj-^thres
yv da ha mur the byte
a bur fals dyscryggygyon ^^iS
tebel agas manerow
na gresough a luen goloa
bos an tas dev hep parow
pan yllyn ny yntrethon
drey dour a'n meen flynt garow i860
dre grace a'n tas a vghon
guyr dev yn y oberow
J!t percuciet cvrni virga petra/m et exveniat aqua
[hie percutit bis silicem etjluit aqua\
CALBP
moyses sur my re beghas
hag a henna a elow
mersy war dev agan tas *865
may affo an peghosow
DBUS PATER
Rag na worsys ov hanow
ha rag an flehysygow
a Israel dyseryggyon
ny's goryth hep falladow 4870
the'n tyr a th'y the wadow
ij na the yroder aaron
\
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(delwedd F0604) (tudalen 141)
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THE WORLD, 141
That men and beasts may be able.
And all who wish, to drink ;
That the wicked may see
My frequent help to them, 1850
MOSES*
O Father, dear, blessed God,
It is not possible too much to worship thee,
For at all times thy work
Is good, and great thy compassion.
very false disbelievers, 1855
Evil are your ways ;
Ye believe not with full heart
The Father to be God unequalled.
When we can between ourselves
Bring water from the sharp flint stone, >86o
Through the gracfe of the Father on high,
True God in his works.
And he shall strike ike rock with his rod, and the
water slmll come out,
CALEB.
Moses, surely I have sinned.
And for this I cry,
Mercy of God our Father, 1865
That he may pardon my sins.
GOD THE FATHER.
Because ye knew not my name.
And because of the trifling
Of Israel, unbelievers,
Thou shalt not bring them, certainly, 1870
To the land where thy forefathers went,
Thou, nor thy brother Aaron.
/
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(delwedd F0605) (tudalen 142)
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142 BEGINNING OF
M0YSE8
ov arluth ker cuf colon
pyv ytho a''s hembronk th'y
mar ny wraf vy nag aron 1875
aga ledya venary
17^. DBUS PATER
wheth ol by we y a wra
nyns a den vyth vynytha
a'n keth re-na the'n tyr sans
marnas calef ha iosue 1880
rag y the vynnas gorthye
fals duwow erbyn cregyans
[hie cleus ascendit ad celimi]
MOYSES
my a wor yn ta lemyn
na''m bes bewe na fella
dynythys yv ov thermyn 1885
a'm bevnans sur yn bys-ma
mos the blanse my a vyn
yn dor an dyr guelen-ma
goef nep a worth jovyn
ha serrv dev awartha 1890
[hie moyses plantat virgas in montem thaborj
In gorthyans the'n tas a nef
my a wra agas planse
ha tregough th'y ordenanns ef
gurythyoug ha tyvoug arte
arluth dev ker klew ov lef 1895
ha gor vy the lowene
ha'm spyrys thy'so ressef
in man us tuuas dumine
Ut tvMC morietur moyses
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(delwedd F0606) (tudalen 143)
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THE WORLD. 143
MOSES.
My dear Lord of wise heart,
Who then will lead them to it.
If I nor Aaron do not 1875
Conduct them ever ?
GOD THE FATHER.
All those are yet living,
Not any man shall go ever
Of these same to the holy land,
Except Caleb and Joshua ; .1880
Because they would worship
False gods against belief.
[Here God ascends to heaven.J
MOSES.
I know well now
There is no longer living for me ;
Come is the term 1885
Of my life, surely, in this world ;
I will go to plant
These three rods in the ground :
Unhappy he who worships Jove,
And angers God above. 1890
[Here Moses plants the rods in Mount Thabor.^
In worship to the Father of heaven
I do plant ye ;
And dwell ye in his ordinance ;
Take root and grow again.
Dear Lord God, hear my voice, 1895
And bring me to bliss ;
And receive my spirit to thee,
In manus tuas Domine.
And then Moses sJiaU die.
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(delwedd F0607) (tudalen 144)
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144 BEGINNING OF
et ludet rex dauid et ipse pompahit
BEX DD.
Wose cous ha lafurye
an vaner a vye da 1900
kcmeres croust hag eve
ha powes wose henna
botler fystyn hep lettye
doro thy'm a'n guyn guella
rys yv thy'm porrys coske 1905
possygyon yn pen yma
PINCERNA
ov arluth ker • na vyth serrys
kettoth an ger • my a thue thy's
yn pup teller • thy'm may fo res
prest hep danger • vethafparys '9'°
paries vous et synour myn
rag gvel dewes vytteth vyn
nyns a yn agas ganow
yn pov-ma nynsus guel guyn
rag hemma yv pyment fyn 19 '5
yyf ov arluth hep parow
REX DD.
banneth sewes boteler
an dewes yv da ha cler
re dev an tas
my a vyn lemyn coske 192°
yma hun orth ov gryvye
marthys yn uras
CONSULTOR
eugh growetheugh ov arlut
may haller agas cuthe
gans dylles rych del deguth 1925
the vyghtern a dynyte
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(delwedd F0608) (tudalen 145)
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THE WORLD. 145
And king JDavid sJudl come on tJie stage ; and he
shall walk about.
KING DAVID.
After talk and work,
The custom is good 1900
To take food and drink,
And rest after that.
Butler, haste, without stop,
Bring me the best wine;
Need to sleep is come upon me, 1905
Drowsiness is in my head.
BUTLER.
My dear lord, • be not angry,
Soon as the word, • I come to you.
In every place • where I may be wanted,
Soon, without danger, • I shall be ready. 1910
Parlez, vous-etes seigneur mien,
For any better drink of wine
Goes not into your mouth.
In this country there is no better wine,
For this is fine liquor ; 1915
Drink it, my lord without equal.
KING DAVID.
Blessing follow thee, butler !
The drink is good and clear,
By God the Father,
I will now sleep ; 1920
Sleep is heavy on me
Wondrous greatly.
COUNSELLOR.
Go, lie down, my lord.
That you may be covered
With rich clothes, as it becomes 1925
A king of dignity.
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(delwedd F0609) (tudalen 146)
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146 BEGINNING OF
1 8^. DEUS PATEB
gabryel fystyn whare
' bys yn ierusalem ke
the vyghtern dauid lauar
ef a gyf yn araby 193°
yn mount tabor guelynny
a plansas moyses hep mar
a's drens the ierusalem
rag y feth map yn bethlem
genys a thyspreen an bys 193s
hag annethe crous y wrer
rag crouse cryst ov map ker
nep a''n gorthye guyn y veys
GABRIEL
A das del os luen a ras
my a wra ol del vynny 1940
the worhemmyn yn pup plas
del degoth thy'm hep ynny
Et tunc veniet ad regem Dd. ipse solus et dicit
Gabriel
David the araby ke
the veneth tabor whare
dog a le-ne tyr guelen 1945
a wruk moyses the planse
ha dro y genes the dre
the ierusalem yn fen
y feth othom annethe
the gvnde mab den defry 195°
may fo rys vn deyth a due
guthyl crous annethe y
Tu/nc rex vigila/ndo dicit admira/ndo
REX DD
bene dicite dominus
my re weles y'm hunrvs
a-thyragof el dyblans 19SS
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(delwedd F0610) (tudalen 147)
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THE WORLD. 147
GOD THE FATHER.
Gabriel, hasten presently,
To Jerusalem go ; ^
Say to king David,
He will find in Arabia, ^93°
In Mount Tabor, rods
Which Moses planted, without doubt.
He will take them to Jerusalem,
For there will be a son in Bethlehem
Born to redeem the world. '935
And of them a cross shall be made.
To crucify Christ my dear son :
Who worships him, happy his lot.
GABRIEL.
Father, as thou art full of grace,
I will do all, as thou wilt, 194°
Thy command in every place.
As it becomes me, without denial.
And then he shaM come to king David, he being
alone ; a/nd Gahrid says : —
David, to Arabia go,
To Mount Tabor, presently ;
Take thence three rods, '945
Which Moses did plant,
And bring them vrith thee home
To Jerusalem quite.
There wiU be need of them
To crucify the Son of man, truly. '95o
When it is requisite, a day will come
To make a cross out of them.
Then the kiTig waMng v/p, says, looking ahout : —
KING DAVID.
Lord, you say weU ;
1 have seen in my dream
Before me a bright angel ; i9SS
H a
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(delwedd F0611) (tudalen 148)
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148 BEGINNING OF
ef a yrhys thy'm kyrhas
a mount tabor gueel a ras
ma'm vethen drethe sylwans
ov messyger • kyrgh ov courser
the varogeth i960
ol tus OY chy • deugh genef vy
bryntyn ha keth
iTUNcros
ov arluth by godys day
parys yv an stede gay
yn weth an courser melyn 1965
kefrys hakney ha palfray
ynmons yn nobyl aray
arluth pan vynny yskyn
BEX DD
messyger ov banneth dy's
my a vyn a thysempys 1970
marogeth ware bys t'y
yn evn forth th'y may thyllyn
may feen hembrynkys pesyn
en tas dev luen a vercy
[hie decendat Bex damt\
18^. In nomme dei patris 1975
a nef mennaf yskynne
ejus atque spiritus
re worro wyth am ene
time equitahit
bynygys re bo an prys
may wrug an el ov guarnye '980
ov otte ny denythys
bys yn meneth hep lettye
L. 1959. courser, altered by B to hourserj in 1. 1965, the
same word is courser.
L. X975. Does this rhyme oi patris and spiritus shew that
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(delwedd F0612) (tudalen 149)
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THE WORLD. 149
He ordered me to bring
From Mount Tabor the rods of grace.
That salvation may be to me through them.
My messenger, • bring my courser,
To ride : i960
All men of my house, • come with me.
Nobles and commons.
MESSENGER.
My lord, by God''s day.
Ready is the gay steed.
Also the yellow courser ; 1965
Likewise hackney and palfrey
Are in noble array ;
Lord, when thou wilt, mount.
KING DAVID.
Messenger, my blessing on thee !
I will immediately i97<»
Ride, presently, even to it.
In the right road to it that we may go,
That we may be led, we pray
The Father God, full of mercy.
[Here let Mng Dcmd come dow7i.]
In the name of God the Father ^975
Of heaven, I will mount.
And his Spirit
Set a guard over my soul.
ITien he shall ride.
Blessed be the time
When the angel warned me ; 19*0
Behold me, we are come
To the mount, without hindrance.
in Cornwall, as now in Wales, the u had the sound of i ?
L. 1978. Pryce gives reworro, "from above," which is very
nnhkely : worro must be from the verb fforre, " to put." .
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(delwedd F0613) (tudalen 150)
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150 BEGINNING OF
dyskynnough ketep map pron
ote an gvel theragon
glas ov tevy 198s
yn enour bras • d'agan dev mur
an guel a ras • thyworth an lur
guraf the drehy
CONSULTOB
an re-me ev guel a ras
rag ny glewsyug yn nep plas »99°
sawor an par-ma vythqueth
yma dev yn tyller-ma
my a wor lemyn yn ta
pan yv mar whek aga eth
REX DD.
whethoug menstrels ha tabours 1995
trey-hans harpes ha trompours
cythol crowd fylh ha savtry
psalmus gyttrens ha nakrys
organs in weth cymbalys .
recordys ha symphony 2000
[ad eque8tres\
lemyn pep ol yskynnens
yn hanow a'n tas dev ker
ha war tv tre fystenens
kefrys marrek ha squyer
CECUS
arluth ker thy'mmo gueres 2005
gans the weel yn nep maner
dal of ny allaf gueles
son vy ganse hep danger
L. 1990. The third word looks like glewsyng, and Pryce
reads glewsyny, translating it, " I have not smelt ;" but it
must be glewsyug.
L. 1994. I suppose eth altered from wheth after agaj cer-
tainly irregular.
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(delwedd F0614) (tudalen 151)
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THE WORLD. 151
Alight, every son of the breast ;
See the rods before us,
Growing green. 1985
In high honour * to our great God,
The rods of grace, • from the earth
I will cut them.
COUNSELLOE.
These are rods of grace,
For you have not smelt in any place '99°
Savour like this ever.
God is in this place,
I now know it well.
Since their breath is so sweet.
KING DAVID.
Blow minstrels and tabours ; 1995
Three hundred harps and trumpets ;
Dulcimer, fiddle, viol, and psaltery ;
Shawms, lutes, and kettle drums ;
Organs, also cymbals,
Recorders, and symphony. ■ 2000
[To the i'iders.'l
Now let all mount.
In the name of the Father, dear God,
And hasten to the side of home.
Knight and squire likewise.
A BLEND MAN.
Dear Lord, help me «oos
With thy rods in some way ;
Blind I am, I cannot see ;
Bless me with them, without danger.
L. 1997. cythol,
French citole : "plus douces que sons de
citoles," cited by Ducange from Guillaume Guiart, a poet
of the 13th century.
L. 1998. nakry =nacchera, Italian.
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(delwedd F0615) (tudalen 152)
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152 BEGINNING OF
CLATJDUS
thy'mmo evrethek yn wet
ro nerth the gerthes yn fas 2010
ha my a grys yn pyrfet
aga vos gueel a vur ras
SURDFS
the den bothar na glew veth
myghtern ker dre gras a'n tas
an gueel gueres mar a'm veth 2015
the dev the voy y whon gras
EBX DD
my a's gueres pup huny
mar mynnyugh perfyth cresy
dre grath a''n gueel vos sawys
in nomine patris et filii 2020
atque spiritus sancti
salui modo eritis
CECUS
a das veneges re by
lemyn saw ol on ny ny
agan dysses sur hep mar 2025
gorthyans the tas dev a'n nef
lemyn clewas agan lef
an re-ma yv guel hep par ^
1 9^. REX DD
[hie descendat de equ6\
lemyn pup dyyskynnes
sav kyns ys yn tour mones 2030
leuereugh thy'm company
py le vyth an guel plynsys
may fons mogha onovrys
ha'n guella may wrons tevy
L. 2009. The Welsh efrydd, "maimed."
* The stanzas from 1. 2005 to 2028 are enclosed in a sort
i
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(delwedd F0616) (tudalen 153)
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THE WORLD. 153
A LAME MAN.
To me also, the maimed,
Give power to go firmly, 2010
And I will believe perfectly
That they are rods of great grace.
A DEAF MAN.
To the deaf man who does not hear any thing,
Dear king, by the grace of the Father,
If the rods shall be help to me, 2015
I give the more thanks to God.
KING DAVID.
I will cure you, every one,
If you will believe, perfectly,
To be cured by the grace of the rods.
In the name of the Father, and Son, 2020
And Holy Ghost,
You shall now be cured.
•
BLIND MAN.
O Father, be blessed,
Now we are all cured
Of our diseases, sure, without doubt. 2025
Worship to the Father God of heaven,
Now he has heard our voice ;
Those are incomparable rods.
Kma DAVID.
[Here let him cdigMfrom horseback.^
Now ahght all ;
But before going to the palace, 2030
Speak to me, my company.
Where shall these rods be planted.
That they may be most honoured.
And may grow best ?
of brace in the manuscript, as if they were not a portion of
the original composition.
H3
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(delwedd F0617) (tudalen 154)
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154 BEGINNING OF
CONSULTOB
hedre vyyn ov predery 3035
yn glassygyon gesough y
Aga thyr the wrowethe
hag ordeyneugh guythysy
th'aga aspye vysy
war peyn bras d'age gvythe 2040
BEX DD
ru'm fey hon yv cusyl fyn
botler my a worhemnyn
ha'th cowyth guytheugh why y
ma na vons yn nep maner
remmvys the gen tyller 2045
war beyn tenne ha cregy
Rag my a vyn pols cuske
venytha kyns ys dybry
squyth of dre ver lafurye
powes my a vyn defry 2050
NUNCIUS
my a's guyth gans mur enour
na vo harth den yn bys-ma
kyn fe myghtern py emprour
aga gorra alemma
PENCERNA
Emperour na myghtern glas 2055
na sodon kyn fo mar vras
a fyl aga remmwe
yn dyspyt th'y thew-lagas
my a wyth an gueel a ras
yn ieriisalem nefre 3060
L. 2038. Pryce gives guythysy, " privy counsellors j" but
the derivation is clear enough.
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(delwedd F0618) (tudalen 155)
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THE WORLD. 155
COUNSBLLOE.
While I am considering, 2035
Leave them on a green plot,
These three to he ;
And appoint guards
To watch them diligently,
Under great penalty, to keep them. . 2040
KING DAVID.
On my faith that is fine advice :
Butler, I command thee
And thy companion, that ye watch them.
That they be not in any maimer
Removed to another place, 2045
On pain of drawing and hanging.
For I will sleep a Httle
Ever before eating ;
Tired I am of much work,
I will rest, really. 2050
MESSENGEIt.
I will keep them with great honour,
That there be no strong man in this world,
Though he be king or emperor.
May take them from this place.
BUTLEB.
Emperor, nor king of the land, 2055
Nor soldan, though he be so great,
May remove them.
Li spite of his eyes,
I will keep the rods of grace
In Jerusalem ever. • 2060
L. 2057. I think afyl is erroneously written for a kyl, or
ayl.
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(delwedd F0619) (tudalen 156)
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156 BEGINNING OF
NUNcros
Cowyth groweth an nyl tv U
hag aspy ahas ha glv
A rag hag a denewen
mar tue nep guas ha laddre
en gueel theworthyn pryve 2065
meth vyth ol d'agen ehen
PINCBRNA.
Na lader by my vallok
kyn fe vyth mar vras quallok '
na mar hovtyn a'y vody j
cosk war the tor ha powes 207° I
mar mynnyth cafus mowes '
my a'd wor scon bys thethy '
Tunc rex evigilando
a sompno ibit ad virgidas ei
dicit
REX DD
Cosel my re bowesas
assyw whek an hun myttyn
gorthyys re bo dev an tas 207s
yn y ober pup termyn
dyworto ma'm boma gras
mos the blanse my a vyn
en gueel gans reonte vras
yn nep plath tek hag ylyn 2080
19b. n NTJNCIUS
Arluth ker guella the vreys
yma tra varth wharvethys
haneth sur an keth guel-ma
yn dor ymons ol gurythyys
ha'n thyr the onan yvunyys 2085
aban etheugh a le-ma
L. 2069. See a similar passage in R 545, where we have
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(delwedd F0620) (tudalen 157)
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THE WORLD. 157
MESSENGER.
Companion, lie on one side,
And watch continually, and listen.
Forwards and sideways :
If any fellow comes and steals
The rods from us secretly, . 2065
All shame it will be to our class.
BUTLER.
• He shall not steal, by my belt,
Though he be ever so great a braggart,
' Or so big of his body.
Sleep on thy belly and rest ; 2070
If thou wilt have a handmaid,
I will soon bring thee to her.
Then the hiTig,
wahing from sleep, shall go to the
rods ; cmd he says : —
KING DAVID.
I have rested softly ;
Sweet is the morning sleep.
Honoured be God the Father 2075
In his work always.
From him if I have grace,
I will go to plant
The rods with great care.
In some fair and clean place. 2080
SECOND MESSENGER.
Dear lord, very good is thy judgment ;
A wondrous thing has happened ;
This night surely, these same rods,
In the earth they are all rooted,
And the three joined in one : 2085
Rise up, come away.
na mar houtyn y vody.
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(delwedd F0621) (tudalen 158)
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158 BEGINNING OF
REX DD
gorthyans the'n tas arluth nef
a'm luen golon my a bys
rag luen gallosek yw ef
hag yn pup ober marthys 2090
\ihit ad virgidas]
yn plath may mons y a sef
dretho ef pan yns plynsys
na wrello y voth goef
y'n gefyth mur a trystyys
yn enour the'n pren may fe 2095
my a vyn vos garlont gureys
a arhans adre thethe
rag gothvos pyt vo y hys
PINCEENA
yma onen theugh parys
a arans pur ha fyn gurys 2100
my a's gor adro thotho
may haller govos the wyr
ha gueles yn blethen hyr
py gymmys hys may teflfo
Et dicit rex Da/vid
ad bersabee [abluendo vestem
in Hvilo]
BEX DD
Damsel er the gentylys 2105
dysque thy'm a'd kerense
rag bytqueth my ny welys
benen thy'm a wel plekye
wheth yn nep le
rof thy's ov thour • hel ha chammbour 2110
vethaf the wour
warbarth ny a dryg nefre
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(delwedd F0622) (tudalen 159)
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THE WORLD. 169
KING DAVID.
Worship to the Father, Lord of heaven,
Of my full heart I pray ;
For full powerful is he,
And in all work wonderful. ^°9°
[He shall go to the rods I]
In the place where they are they shall stand,
Through him since they are planted.
Unhappy he who does not do his will,
He shall find it much sorrow.
That it may be in honour to the tree, 2095
I will that a garland be made
Of silver, around it,
To know what may be its length.
BUTLEB.
Here is one ready for you,
Made of silver pure and fine ; a too
I will put it round it,
That it may be known truly,
And seen in a year long,
To what length it may grow.
Arid kmg David says
to Bathsheha [washing lier
dress in the stream] : —
KING DAVID.
Damsel, on thy gentleness, 2105
Shew me how to love thee ;
For never have I seen
A woman who pleases me better,
Yet in any place.
I give thee my palace, • hall, and chamber ; 2 no
I will be thy husband ;
Together we will live always.
I
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(delwedd F0623) (tudalen 160)
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160 BEGINNING OF
BEBSABEE
ov arluth ker caradow
myghtern os war ol an bys
assevye plygadow 2115
genef gruthyl both the vrys
a callen hep kelladow
ha dout ov vos hellyrghys
mar cothfo an casadow
dystough y fyen lethys 2120
[bersahe trcmseat domum cn/m rege dd]
REX DD
Bersabe flour ol an bys
certus rag the gerense
syr vrry a fyth lethys
my a'n te thy's ru'm leute
rag ol ov yeues pup prys 2125
ty a vyth pur vfjr nefre
growet yn guely a hys
may hyllyf genes coske
BERSABE
my ny allaf the nahe
lemyn pup tra ol gronntye 2130
thevrorthyf a wovynny
ov arluth whek ol lathe
ken ef a wra ov shyndye
mar clew vyth agan guary
BEX DD
ov holon ger caradow 2135
dew rvth ros flour hy hynse
ef a vyth hep falladow
marow rag the gerense
L. 2136. The
doubtful version here given is modified from
Pryce. dew may be "come," and ruth ros, "red rose," or
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(delwedd F0624) (tudalen 161)
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THE WORLD. 161
BATHSHEBA.
My dear loved lord,
King thou art over all the world.
It would be a pleasure 2115
With me, to do the will of thy mind,
If I can without hazard,
And fear of my being persecuted.
If the villain knew,
Immediately I should be killed. 2120
[Let Bathsheba go home vnih king David.]
KING DAVID.
Bathsheba, flower of all the world,
Certainly, for thy love,
Sir Uriah shall be put to death ;
I swear it to thee by my truth.
For all my love always 2125
To thee shall be truly ever.
Thou shalt be my wife,
And I will live with thee.
BATHSHEBA.
I cannot deny thee,
Now every thing to grant 2130
From me what thou askest.
My sweet Lord, kill all,
Else he will spit at me
If he shall hear of our sport.
KING DAVID.
My dear beloved heart, 2135
God made a rose, flower of her sex,
He shall be, without fail,
Dead for thy love.
" on thy
promise :" or we may read, dew ru'th ros," God
hath given thee."
Lines 2127, 8. The translation here is not literal.
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(delwedd F0625) (tudalen 162)
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162 BEGmNING OF
20a. BEX DD
vrry ov marrek guella
my a vynsa the pysy 2140
gor ost genes yrvys da
the omlath del y'm kerry
vn eskar bras thy'm yma
war ov thyr ov gul mestry
marogeth my ny alia 2145
yma cleves y'm body
HTJRIAS
Syr arluth ker del vynny
my a wra prest hep ynny
ol thu'm gallus vynytha
ha del oma marrek len 2150
venythe ny thof a'n plen
er na'n prenne an guas-na
REX DD
A vrry assos gentyl
my a'd car mur ru'm peryl
rag the worthebow ev tek 2155
gueyt bos a rag yn voward
ma na vy synsys coward
nag awos den vyt ovnek
HURIAS
ov arluth my a'n te thy's
re'n ordyr a recevys 2160
ny'm pref den war gowardy
rag my a vyth an kynso
bom yn vyag a rollo
hag a perfo ov meystry
farwel ov arluth guella 2165
ny vynna streche pella
son vy kyns mos my a'd pys
L. 2143. We have the suspicious authority of Pryce fo,r
the rendering of eskar, " a giant j" but I think "enemy"
a
1
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(delwedd F0626) (tudalen 163)
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THE WORLD. 168
KING DAVID.
Uriah, my best knight,
I would pray thee, 2140
To take with thee a host well armed.
To fight, as thou lovest me.
A great enemy is to me,
Over my land doing violence.
I cannot ride, ^MS
There is a disease in my body.
URIAH.
Dear sir lord, as thou wishest,
I will do at once, without refusal,
AU in my power ever.
And as I am a trusty knight, »»5o
• Never will I come from the place
Until I take that fellow.
KING DAVID.
O, Uriah, thou art excellent,
I love thee much, on my peril,
For thy answer is fair. 2155
Take care to be forth in advance,
That thou be not held a coward.
Nor fearful of any man.
URIAH.
My lord, I swear it to thee.
By the order I have received, "60
No man shall prove me of cowardice,
For I will be the first
To give a blow on the journey.
And to do my duty.
Farewell, my best lord, 2165
I will not stay longer ;
Bless me before I go, I pray thee.
preferable version, as in 1. ^29.
L. 2151. A mere guess.
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(delwedd F0627) (tudalen 164)
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164 BEGINNING OF
REX DD
ov banneth thy's vynytha
ov messyger genes a
ha'm botler kefrys yrvys 217°
HURIA8
rys ev thy'm kevsel defry
orth ow gurek kyns mos a dre
marsellen hep cous orty
hy holon hy a torse
[didt ad ba/rsahej
bersabe ov whek e vy 2175
rys yv dy'mmo lafurye
the vn vatel yredy
sav dystogh hy a vyth due
[hie pa/ratit/r et avmatwr hwria8\
BERSABE
Na wreugh why war ov ene
theworthef vy vynythe 2180
ma ov wolon ov ranne
pan glewaf cous an par-ne
ov arluth by my leute
my a der crak ov conne
marsevgh lemyn mes a dre 2185
nefre ny thebraf vare
VRIAS
bersabe ov fryes lei
rys yv gruthyl dyogel
voth agan arluth sefryn
ny allaf pella trega 2190
my a vyn dy'so amma
ha pys genef fest yn tyn
\a8C&ihdit ea et vadii]
L. 2178. For the meaning given here to due see the note
to 1. 984.
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(delwedd F0628) (tudalen 165)
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THE WORLD. 165
KESTG DAVID.
My blessing on thee ever ;
My messenger goes with thee,
And my butler also, armed. 2170
URIAH.
I must speak, really, *
To my wife before going from home.
If I should go without speaking to her,
She would break her heart.
[He speaks to Bathsheba.]
Bathsheba, my sweet of me, 2175
Need is to me to labour
At a battle, certainly.
But very soon it will be ended.
[Here Uriah is prepared and armed.]
BATHSHEBA.
Do not you go, on my soul,
From me ever, 2180
My heart is separating
When I hear you talk so.
My lord, by my truth,
I will break riTy neck, crack ;
If you go away from home, 2185
Never will I taste bread.
URIAH.
Bathsheba, my faithful wife.
It is necessary to do immediately
The will of our sovereign lord.
i cannot longer stay ; 2190
I will kiss thee ;
And pray with me very earnestly.
[She goes up, and exit.]
L. 2179. B has Nag eugh why, a preferable reading.
L. 2184. See a similar passage in R 307.
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(delwedd F0629) (tudalen 166)
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166 BEGINNING OF
20^. [hie descendit vryas\
BERSABE
ogh govy pan vef genys
gans moreth ythof lynwys
war the lergh ov arluth whek 2195
sav vynerre thewhylly
genes my a wra pysy
ha henna a vye tek
\hic descendit gcdyriet]
VRIAS
My a'd pys now messyger
dog manerhch ov baner 2200
del vynny bos rewardyys
ha ty in weth botteler
my a'd pys may fy asper
avel marrek fyn yrvys
[hie ascendit super equum\
II NTTNCIUS
ray a leuer thy's vrry 2205
na borth dout ahanaf vy
certan nefre
rag ny fyth ken the perth y
my a leuer theugwhy why
war ov ene 2210
Et twnc equitabtmt ecctra l/udwun
et postea venit
nv/rhdus ef didt ad Dd regem
ov arluth lowene thy's
ov ote vy devethys
arte the dre
sav syr vrry ev lethys
ha the votteler kekyfrys 2215
govy ragthe
2196. I have assumed vynerre equal to venary. See
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(delwedd F0630) (tudalen 167)
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THE WORLD. 167
[Here Uiriah comes doivn.]
BATHSHEBA.
Oh ! alas ! that I was born !
With sorrow I am filled,
Behind thee, my sweet lord. 21 95
But always that thou return,
I will pray with thee ;
And that will be pleasing.
\Here Gabrid comes dovm.]
URIAH.
I pray thee now, messenger.
Carry my banner valiantly, 2200
As thou wishest to be rewarded.
And thou also, butler,
I pray thee to be bold,
Like a good horseman armed.
[Here he mmints a horse^
MESSENGER.
I tell thee, Uriah, 2205
Bear no doubt of me,
Certainly, ever.
For there is no reason to bear doubt,
I tell you,
Upon my soul. 2210
And then they shall ride out of the stage.
And afterwa/rds the
messefnger comes, and says to
David the hing : —
My lord, hail to thee !
Behold me come
Again home.
But sir Uriah is killed.
And thy butler also, 22 >5
Unfortunately for them.
ante, 1. 583.
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(delwedd F0631) (tudalen 168)
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168 BEGINNING OF
REX DD
dar marow yv syr vrry
lauar thy'm del y'm kerry
pan vernans a'n geve ef
ha fetel vefe lethys 2220
rag ef stout ha gothys
hag a ym-sensy den cref
II IfUNCIUS
marow yv by godys day
ef a vynse gul deray
hag a ros strokosow tyn 2225
saw vn marrek a'n lathas
ha the'n dor scon a'n goras
hag a'n hakyas the dymmyn
Tunc veniet, amgelus ad regem dcmid et qiberat
questionem et dicit
GABRIEL
gortheb thy'm ty myghtern bras
den an geffe cans dauas 2230
ha'y kentrevek saw onan
mar a's ladtre theworto
pan pyn a gotho thotho
lauar en guyr thy'm certan
REX DD
my a worth eb thy's whare 2235
yn certan na vy lettyys
dre guyr vrus sur y cothe
dotho gothaf bos lethys
yn pur defry
nep a rella 2240
yn ketella
mernans yv gvyw th'y vody
[
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(delwedd F0632) (tudalen 169)
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THE WOELD. 169
KING DAVID.
Alas ! sir Uriah is dead ;
Tell me, as thou lovest me,
When death reached him,
And how he was killed ; 2220
For he was stout and proud,
And felt himself a strong man.
MESSENGEE.
He is dead, by God's day ;
He wished to do a deed,
And he gave sharp strokes ; 2225
But a horseman slew him.
And soon drove him to the earth,
And hacked him to pieces.
Then the cmgel shall come to king David, and ask
him a question ; and he says : —
GABBIBL.
Answer me, thou mighty king :
A man may possess a hundred sheep, 2230
And his neighbour only one ;
If he steal it from him.
What punishment is due to him ?
Tell me the truth, certainly.
KING DAVID.
I will answer thee at once ; ' 2235
Certainly there is no hindrance.
By truth surely judgment should fall
On him to suffer to be killed.
Very positively,
Whoever has acted 2240
In that way,
Death is due to his body.
I
I
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(delwedd F0633) (tudalen 170)
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170 BEGINNING OF
2 1 a. GABRIEL
yn ketella ty re wruk
ha theworth vrry re thuk
J vn wrek dauid certan 2245
ha thy'so gy ythese
benenes lour ha plente
gothaf the vrus the honan
BEX DD
arluth gevyans thu'm ene
govy pan wruge pehe 2250
gans corf a'n debel venen
deus mei miserere
herweth the grath ha'th pyte
na'm byma peyn yn gorfen
Ut tunc sub arbore sea ? mcipit psalteri/u/m
REX DD
ov conselar whek y'th pesaf 2255
dysk thy'mmo vn ankenek
rag ov fehas pan-dra wraf
may te sorre a tas whek
CON8ULTOR
yn amendys • a'd pehosow
orden bos gureys • temple golow 2260
bras ha ledan
bethens kyrhys • masons plente
yn weth guarnys • tus a'n cyte
ketep onan
BEX DD
benneth a'n tas dev re'th fo 2265
rag sur del hevel thy'mmo
pur wyr hon yv cusyl da
L. 2257. This is a mournful br penitential expression of
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(delwedd F0634) (tudalen 171)
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THE WORLD. 171
GABRIEL.
In that way thou hast acted,
And from Uriah hast taken
His one wife, David, certainly. 2245
And to thee there are
Wives enough and plenty ;
Suffer thy judgment thyself.
KING DAVID.
Lord, pardon to my soul ;
Alas ! that I have done sin 2250
With the body of the wicked woman.
O God, have mercy upon me,
According to thy grace and thy pity ;
Let not my punishment be to the end.
And then, vmde^ the tree , he begins
the Psalter, viz. Beattis vir.
ETNG DAVID.
My sweet adviser, I pray thee, 2255
Teach me a penitential hymn
For my sins ; what shall I do,
That I have angered thee, sweet Father ?
COUNSELLOR.
For the amendment • of thy sins,
Order to be made • a briUiant temple, 2260
Great and ample.
Let there be brought • masons plenty,
Also warned • the people of the city,
Every one.
KING DAVID.
Blessing of the Father God be on thee, 2265
For surely, as appears to me,
Very truly this is good advice.
8ome kind, from anken, " sorrow."
I 2
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(delwedd F0635) (tudalen 172)
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172 BEGINNING OF
rag henna hep falladow
ol war-lergh the gussullyow
bys venytha my a wra 2270
[ascendit rex dd.]
messyger my bel aber
dus thy'mmo ketoth ha'n ger
rag colenwel voth ov brys
NUNcros
re dev tas ov arluth ker
venytha yn pup teller 2275
my a vyth pur parys thy's
REX DD
messyger ke gorhenmyn
ol the'n masons yn cyte
may tyffons vmma myttyn
war beyn cregy ha tenne 2280
the wul fos a vyyn bryntyn
hag a lym yn creys a'n dre
yn enour dev my a vyn
yn dre-mme gruthyl temple
Ntnsrcros
arluth the voth my a wra 2285
del degoth thy'm dres pup tra
ol thu'm gallus yn pup le
ny vynna streccha pella
farwel ov arluth guella
rag my a vyn fystene 2290
REX DD
Wei thov fare messyger
rag cannas os hep danger
nynsus fout ynnos guelys
kens mos eyf ten guyn pymeth
ha the scafe sur ytheth 2295
yn ov nygys my a grys
[hie deus pater descendit]
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(delwedd F0636) (tudalen 173)
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THE WORLD, 173
Therefore, without fail,
Every thing after thy counsels
In future I will do. 2270
[King David goes up.'\
Messenger, my fair servant,
Come to me soon as the word,
To fulfil the wish of my mind.
MESSENGER.
By God the Father, my dear Lord,
Ever in all places 2275
I am quite ready for thee.
KING DAVID.
Messenger, go, command
All the masons in the city,
That they come here to-morrow,
On pain of hanging and drawing ; 2280
To make a wall of noble stones.
And of lime, in the midst of the town.
Li honour of God I will
In this place build a temple.
MESSENGER.
Lord, thy will I will do, 2285
As it behoves me, above all things,
All to my power in every place.
I will not stay longer ;
Farewell my best lord.
For I will make haste. 2290
KING DAVID.
Well thou fare, messenger,
For a messenger thou art, without danger.
There is not a fault in thee seen.
Before going, drink a draught of spiced wine,
And thou more nimbly sure wilt go 2295
In my errand, I beUeve.
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(delwedd F0637) (tudalen 174)
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174 BEGINNING OF
21^. NUNCIUS
oyeth sy glewyugh thy'm ol
masons a'n dre ketep pol
guetyeugh bones avorow
ov conys yn crys a'n dre 2300
War beyn cregy ha tenne
adro the'n temple hep gow
JEt iierwm veniet ad regem et dicit ei
ov arluth lowene thy's
an masons ol yv guarnyys
bras ha vyhen 2305
ha thy'm y a worthebys
y fethons myttyn parys
ketep onen
REX DD
raessyger rag the seruys
the rewardye my a ra 2310
earn suyow ha trehembys
chatur annethe thy's gura
NUNCrUS
gromersy arluth a brys
rag the roow prest yv da
cortes OS drys tus a'n bys 2315
ov ry thy'm ro an par-ma
I^ CIMITBEIUS
Ty vaow darbar lym ha pry
meyn wheyl slodyys ha genov
ha my a fystyn agy
ov trehevel an fosow 2320
L. 2316. The original has presta, an unusual word, and a
syllable too much for the metre.
L, 2318. This line is doubtfully rendered; the second
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(delwedd F0638) (tudalen 175)
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THE WORLD. 175
MESSEN&EB.
Hear, listen to me all
Masons of the city, every head ;
Take care to be to-morrow
Working in the middle of the city, 2300
On pain of hanging and drawing,
About the temple, without deceit.
AThd he shall come again to the king ; and he says
to him : —
My lord, joy to thee !
The masons all are warned.
Great and small ; 2305
And to me they have answered
They will be to-morrow ready,
Every one.
KING DAVID.
Messenger, for thy service
I will reward thee ; 2310
Carnsew and Trehembys,
Make of them a charter for thyself.
MESSENGER.
Thanks, lord of judgment.
For thy gifts are always good : [2315
Thou art courteous above the people of the world.
Giving me a gift like this.
FIRST MASON.
Thou boy, prepare lime and clay.
Building stones, trucks, and wedges ;
And I will hasten within,
Erecting the walls. 2320
word is compared with the Welsh ysled, and the third with
gaiug.
^
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(delwedd F0639) (tudalen 176)
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176 BEGINNING OF '
IlS CIMITERIU8
Nansy w groundyys genef vy
sol [a] brys gans horvenow
mar ny fystyn pup huny
why as byth drog vommennow
BEX DD
conseler dun ny the veras 2325
scon war an wonesugy
mar ny wonethons yn fas
y a's tevyt anfugy
\hic descendii]
CONSULTOR
syr arluth whek mur y ras
yma ov conys thyuwhy 2330
chyf guythoryon ol a'n gulas
a wother the dysmegy
[dev>s sit in
platea]
DEUS PATEE
Dauid ny wreth thy'mo chy
yn certen bys venary
the vos den lath yv anken 2335
ty re thyswrug eredy
hevelep tho'm face vy
vrry nep o marrek len
BEX DD
arluth ytho pyw a wra
coul dreheuel ol the chy 2340
DEUS PATER
Salamon the vap kerra
a'n coul threha eredy
[hie deu8 ascendit]
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(delwedd F0640) (tudalen 177)
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THE WORLD. 177
SECOND MASON.
• They were begun by me
Long ago with scaffolding ;
Unless you make haste every one,
You will have bad blows.
KING DAVID.
Counsellor, let us go and see, 2325
Immediately to the workmen ;
If they do not work well
•Punishment shall come to them.
[Here he goes dovfn.']
COUNSELLOR.
Sire, sweet lord, of much grace,
There are working for you 2330
All the chief workmen of the land
Who can be mentioned.
\Let God he on the
stage.]
GOD THE FATHER.
David, thou shalt not make me a house.
Certainly, ever.
To be a man-killer is grievous ; 2335
Thou hast destroyed, verily,
The likeness to my face,
Uriah, who was a trusty knight.
KING DAVID. \
Lord, now who shall
Fully build all thy house ? 2340
GOD THE FATHER.
Solomon, thy son most dear.
He shall fully build it, verily.
[Here God goes up.]
13
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(delwedd F0641) (tudalen 178)
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178 ■
BEGINNING OF
BEX DD
lemyn my a wor the wyr
bos ov thermyn devethys
my re vewas termyn hyr 2345
[davit ihit ad lectoa]
arlythy my agas pys
salmon ov map koroneugh
h'agas myghtern ef synseugh
hedre vyugh byv yn bys-ma
kepar ha my ef gorthyeugh 235°
rag dev a'n dysquethas theugh
ha'y volnogeth yv hemia
NUNCIUS
arluth the voth my a wra
del degoyth thy'm yn pup tra
awos tra vyth a warfo 235 s
a pe voth dev yn della
ken agesough venytha
ny zensen somot y go
REX DD
ny vyn dev ker th'y lawe
na fella my the vewe 2360
omma genough yn certan
a das yntre the thewle
my a gymmyn ov ene
guythe ef rag tarofvan
Et tunc morietur rex Dmdd
CONSULTOR
ogh govy vones marow 2365
agan arluth hep parow
dun goryn y gorf yn veth
L. 2358. The change of s to z, usual in Armoric, is un-
known to me in Cornish, except in the present case; here
it has probably been made to distinguish the negative from
the pronoun ny ; though the personal form of the verb
would seem to render it less necessary.
L. 2364. tarofvan, probably from ter, "terror," and ovn.
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(delwedd F0642) (tudalen 179)
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THE WORLD. 1*79
KING DAVID.
Now I know, truly.
My term to be arrived :
I have lived a long time. *34S
[Bamd shall go to the Select.]
Lords, I pray you,
Crown Solomon my son.
And for your king hold him
While you Uve in this world.
Like me, honour him, *3So
For God has declared him to you,
And that is his will.
MESSENaEB.
Lord, thy wish I will do,
As it behoves me in all things,
Notwithstanding every thing that may be. ♦
2355
What is God's will, thus
Otherwise than you, ever
We do not consider, so mote I go.
KING DAVID.
Dear God, praise to him, will not permit
Me to Uve any longer *36o
Here with you, certainly.
God, in thy hands
1 leave my soul ;
• Preserve it from terrors.
And then king Dcmd shall die.
COUNSELLOB.
Oh ! alas ! to be dead 2365
Our lord without equal !
Let us go and put his body in the grave ;
" fear." See R 1450. I do not know if it can be connected
with tamutuan, " a phantom," of the ancient Cornish Voca-
bulary in the British Museum, embodied in Pryce's publica-
tion. There can be no doubt about a single letter of the
word in that manuscript, but it may have been transcribed
from a less legible copy.
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(delwedd F0643) (tudalen 180)
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180 BEGINNING OF
ha pesyn rag j ene
may fo dev luen a byte
re'n kyrho thotho th'y wleth 2370
JSt ipse sepelliret
ipsmn et portahit corpus sub (di-
quo tento et ihit ad sala/monem et dicit nuncius
NUNCIUS
dun the gyrhas salamon
ha goryn ef yn y dron
avel myghtern yn y se
may hallo vos kerenys
kepar del fue thy'n yrhys 2375
gans y das kyns tremene
[hie pompabit scUamon]
CONSTJLTOR
lowene thy's salamon
dus genen ny quyc the tron
the das dauid
rag dewesys * os myghtern thy'n 2380
ha kerenys • a ver dermyn
sur ty a vyth
^ hie pompabit rex salamon si voVuerit
REX SAL.
ffest yn lowhen arlythy
agas enour gromersy
a vynnough the wul thy'mo 2385
mara pethaf bev vlethen
. ..- my a'n taluyth thyugh ru'm pen
pypenagol a sconyo
\hic descendit sala/num\
^. NUNCIUS
Salmon lemen ke y'th tour
rag ty a vyth governour 2390
whare myghtern kervnys
L. 2374. Bferenys. L. 2378. ^dron. L. 2381. B A;»r»«ys.
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(delwedd F0644) (tudalen 181)
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THE WORLD. 18X
And let us pray for his soul,
That God, full of pity, may
Carry him to him to his kingdom. 2370
And Jie shall hwry him, cmd ca/rry the body under
some teni, and shall go to Solomon ; and the
messenger says : —
MESSENGER.
Let us go to fetch Solomon,
And put him in his throne,
Like a king in his seat ;
That he may be crowned,
Like as it was to us enjoined 2375
By his father before passing away.
[Here Solommi shaU walk about.]
COUNSELLOR.
Hail to thee, Solomon,
Come with us quick to the throne
Of thy father David ;
For chosen • thou art, a king to us, 2380
And crowned • in a short time.
Surely, thou shalt be.
Here Sokmwn shall walk about if he Wees.
KING SOLOMON.
In great joy, lords.
Thanks to you for the honour
"Which you wish to do me. 2385
If I be hving a year,
I will repay it to yoii, by my head,
Whoever may object.
[Here Solomon goes doivn.]
MESSENGER;
Solomon, now go into thy palace,
For thou shalt be ruler, 2390
Soon king crowned :
L. 2381. kvrvnys in B. * Obliterated by B.
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(delwedd F0645) (tudalen 182)
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182 BEGINNING OF
ysse yn the see yn weth
a bewe the tas daveth
rag ef a"*!! kemynnys thy's
[hie intrabit]
REX SALAMON
serys gromersy yn weth 2395
mara pewaf why a veth
ov chyf prive guyth-thysy
ha rag why thu'm kerune
my a re thyugh bosuene
lostuthyel ha lanerchy 2400
^ Bex scdamon pompabit hie et postea didt salamon
messyger cannas gentyl
del OS ov seruont hep gyl
dus yn rag del y'm kyrry
NUWCIUS
ov arluth ker salamon
awos lavur na dewon 2405
nefre ny fallaf though why
BEX SALA.
ke gorhenmyn the'n cyte
may teffons omma whare
war beyn aga bos dyswrys
masons ha karpentorryon 2410
trehesy-meyn tyorryon
an temple may fe co.ul wreys
NTJNCIUS
syr arluth re synt gylmyn
my a wra the worhenmyn
ol yn tyen 2415
»> Obliterated by B.
L. 2413. See R 349, re synt Jovyn, " by St. Jove." I do
not know a St. Gylmyn, unless St. Columbanus be intended.
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(delwedd F0646) (tudalen 183)
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THE WORLD. 183
Sit in thy seat also,
• Which thy father David possessed,
For he has left it to thee.
[Here he ahoM enter.]
KING SOLOMON.
Sirs, thanks also ; 2395
If I hve, you shall be
My chief private guards :
And to you, by my crown,
I will give you Bosvene,
Lostwitheil, and Lanerchy. 2400
King Solomon shall walk ahovi here ; cmd after-
wa/rds Solomon says : —
Messenger, gentle messenger,
As thou art my servant without guile,
Come forth, as thou lovest me.
MESSENGER.
My dear lord Solomon,
Because of labour nor sorrow, 2405
I will never fail you.
KING SOLOMON.
Go, command the city
That they come here soon.
On pain of their being destroyed :
Masons and carpenters, 2410
Stone-cutters, tilers,
That the temple may be fully built.
MESSENGER.
Sire lord, by St. Gylmyn,
I will do thy command,
All entirely ; a4«S
Perhaps the name is made expressly, gyl-myn, " worker of
stones," as appropriate to the occasion.
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(delwedd F0647) (tudalen 184)
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184
BEGINNING OF
hag a warn the vysterdens
avorow thy's may teffens
yn ketep pen
[hie intrabit]
oy'eth or oyeth yn
weth
sy glewyugh bryntyn ha keth
an myghtern a worhenmyn
the ol an karpentoryon
masons yn weth tyorryon
may fons y ganso myttyn
onma the wul an temple
a ruk y das the astel
rag ef a vyn hep lettye
wheyl y das y golenwel
2420
2425
[revertat domum]
ov arluth ker my re
hue
yn cyte fast ow kelwel
the vysterndens thy's a the
avorow pur dyogel
REX SAL.
ov bannath thy'so gryffyn
ty a lefes yn thefe
mar ny gevyth meth py gvyyn
ke the fenten the eve
mos the vyres my a vyn
ov gonesugy.whare
ha thethe prest gorhenmyn
gruthyl wheyl dek ha prive
2430
243s
2440
L. 2426. This is
the meaning given to astel in the vocabu-
lary. It is doubtful ; but I cannot give a better version.
L. 2433. Pryce renders gryffyn, "to give," an unlikely
meaning ; and the next line he absurdly makes, " Thou wilt
be out of the place in drinking." My own version is perhaps
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(delwedd F0648) (tudalen 185)
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THE WORLD. 185
And will warn the architects.
That they come to thee to-morrow,
In every head.
[Here he shaU come in.]
Oyez, now, oyez,
hkewise
Hear ye, nobles and commons ; 2420
The king commands
To all the carpenters,
Masons, also tilers,
That they be with him in the morning.
Here" to build the temple 2425
•Which his father did begin ;
For he will, without a stop,
Fulfil the work of his father.
[He shall retwm home.]
My dear lord, I
have been
Into the city, urgently calling 2430
The architects to come to thee
To-morrow very surely.
KING SOLOMON.
My blessing on thee, Gryffyn,
• Thou art out of breath in coming ;
If thou find no mead nor wine, 2435
Go to the fountain to drink.
I will go to see
My workmen soon,
And command them quickly
To do fair and secure work. 2440
no better, as it
depends on the slif^ht resemblance of lefes to
the Welsh lludded, " fatigue," " panting for breath."
L. 2436. B alters ke to mos : he was probably becoming
obsolete.
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(delwedd F0649) (tudalen 186)
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186 BEGINNING OF
I* CABPBNTARIUS
dev tek a bren rag styllyow
ha compos y denwennow
bras ha crom y ben goles
ha'y veen mon ha'y scorennow
my a vyn trehy tennow 2445
ha lathys tek ha corbies
23*. BEX SAL.
god spede gonesugy
gonys a wreugh pur vysy
thy'm del hevel
fossow da gans lym ha pry 245°
ha pen cref warnethe y
gureugh drehevel
18 CIMITBRIUS
syre my a leuer thy's
nannsyv an fossow coul wrys
the ras compys by my fay 2455
pur wyr my a vyth ragthe
na gef den tyth fout ynne
yn nep fos vyth be thys day
BEX SAL.
Ryght wel yseyd cowyth whek
the wheyl yn ta thy'm a blek 2460
dew vody tha ough yn guyr
lia rag bos agas wheyl tek
my a re thyugh plu vuthek
ha'n garrak ruen gans hy thyr
IlS CIMITEEIUS
ha largys ha gromersy 2465
ny a yl bos fest mery
rag cafus ro an par-na
L. 2441. Seel. 753.
L. 2444. I suppose the first h to be superfluous.
L. 2455. the ras may possibly be the gras, by the usual
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(delwedd F0650) (tudalen 187)
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THE WORLD. 187
FIBST CABPENTBB.
Here is a fair tree for rafters,
And straight its sides,
Large and rounded its lower end ;
Out of its slender top, and its branches,
I will cut beams, 2445
And fair laths and joists.
KING SOLOMON.
God speed, workmen !
You work very diligently,
As it appears to me ;
Good walls with lime and clay, 2450
And a strong top upon them.
You do erect.
FIBST MASON.
Sir, I tell thee,
Now are the walls fully done,
• Accurately straight, by my faith. 2455
Very truly, I will be for them.
Nor shall any man find a fault in them,
In any wall by this day.
KING SOLOMON.
Right well said, sweet comrade,
Thy work dehghts me well. 2460
Two good bodies ye are, truly.
And because your work is fair,
I will give you the parish of Vuthek,
And the Carrak Ruan, with its land.
SECOND MASON.
And largesse and thanks ; _ 2465
We may be very merry,
For getting a gift such as that.
changes, meaning, "to a degree." See also 1. 2714, where
ras must mean " force " or " accuracy."
L. 2463. Query, parish of Bythick or Budock.
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(delwedd F0651) (tudalen 188)
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188 BEGINNING OF
lemyn nynses mestrysy
yn wlas-ma pur wyr saw ny
ow masones yn pow-ma - 2470
n? CABPENTARIUS
kowyth profyyn an styllyow
marsens compes the'n fosow
may haller age lathye
gans corbies lasys tennow
- hag a's ty gans plynkennow 2475
may fo ioy myres worte
]? CABPENTARIUS
. ny vern tra vyth assaye
h'ow guereseugh cowethe
ov corre tvmbyr yn ban
may haller aga lathye 2480
yn cres a'n chy res vye
kafus gyst cref na vo guan
lis CABPENTARIUS
by godys fast wel y set
thys tumbyr ys even y met
ha compos rag an fossow 2485
tyorryon yn ketep diet
tyeugh an temple hep let
na theffo glaw the'n styllyow
BEX SAL.
yn certan gonesugy
ken agesough why ny's ty 2490
rag sotel ough yn pup creft
saw leuereugh thy'm defry
pren the gyst pie kefyn ny
a vo compes avel sheft
[salamon ahit domum\
L. 2470. mysterdyns B.
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(delwedd F0652) (tudalen 189)
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THE WORLD. 189
Now there are not masters
In this country, truly, save us,
Of masons in this land. 2470
SECOND CARPENTER.
Comrades, let us try the rafters,
If they be straight to the walls.
That one may even them
With joists, laths, beams.
And cover them with planks, 2475
That it may be a pleasure to look at them.
FIRST CARPENTER.
We will try any thing,
And help me, comrades.
Putting the timber up.
That one may make them even. 2480
In the midst of the house, need is
To have a strong beam, that it be not weak.
SECOND CARPENTER.
By God"'s fast, well said.
This timber is made even.
And straight to the walls. 2485
Tilers, every fellow,
Cover the temple, without stopping.
That the rain come not to the rafters,
KING SOLOMON.
Certainly, workmen
Others than ye shall not cover it, 2490
For subtle ye are in every art.
But tell me, seriously,
A tree for the beam where shall we find,
Which may be straight as a shaft.
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(delwedd F0653) (tudalen 190)
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190 BEGINNING OF
IS CARPENTARIUS
ru'm fey yn ol the gosow 2495
nynsus gyst vyth ol hep wow
vas the dra vyth sur ragtho
nag yn wlas-ma yn nep pow
saw vn pren gans garlontow
a arhans adro thotho 2500
23b, REX SAL.
Mur a gas vye gene
trehy henna ru'm laute
saw aban na gefyr ken
yn enour dev th'y lawe
eugh th'y drehy hep lettye 2505
ha musurough ef yn len
IlS CARPBNTARroS
my a'n musur lour yn ta
na bertheugh ovn a henna
ov arluth whek dev a wor
gans squyr compes ha scannt lyn 2510
na vo hyrre esumsyn
na vyth cotta war nep cor
P CARPENTARIUS ,
otteve musurys da
den yn bys ny'n musyr guel
harlyth my a'n trehy nmma 2515
hag evnne gans ol the nel
IlS CARPENTARIUS
an combrynsy war the ben
mar lei y synsys the lyn
kyns ys trehy war an pren
re got o a gevelyn 2526
L. 2511. "I undertake" is the meaning given to esumsyn
in Pryce : I would rather suppose es and umsyn, two words,
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(delwedd F0654) (tudalen 191)
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THE WORLD. 191
FIRST CABPEXTEB.
By my faith, in all the woods 249S
There is not a beam, without a lie.
Good for any thing, surely, for it,
Nor in this country in any place ;
But one tree with garlands
Of silver about it. 2500
KING SOLOMON.
Much trouble would be to you
To cut that, by my truth,
Unless no other can be found.
In honour of God, praise to him.
Go to cut it, without stoppage, 2505
And measure it faithfully.
SECOND CARPENTER.
I will measure it well enough,
Don't have fear of that.
My sweet lord, God knows.
With straight square and scant line, 2510
That it be not longer, I undertake.
Nor shorter in any way.
FIRST CARPENTER.
See it well measured ;
No man in the world measures it better.
I will cut it exactly here, 2515
And adjust it with all thy strength.
SECOND CARPENTER.
The exactness, on thy head.
So true thou boldest to the line
Before cutting on the tree ;
Too short it is by a cubit. 25*0
meaning, perhaps, " than the intention." It may be musyn,
changed from musyr, " measure," for the rhyme's sake.
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(delwedd F0655) (tudalen 192)
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192 BEGINNING OF
I^ CARPENTARIU8
liethe the'n dor my a'd pys
scon ef a vyth amendyys
my a'n scarf yn ta whare
serry orthyf ny res thy's
lemyn sur ythyv evn hys 2525
evnyn ef yn scon th'y le
IlS CARP.
an jawl re'th ewno th'y glas
ny yl an gyst yn y bias
re hyr ew a gevelyn
yn evn greys an scarf trohe 2530
ha compys mar ny vethe
ny won pan-dra leueryn
is CARP.
ny a'n tregh del leuereth
hen yv an crys tan ov feth
dre pup raerk ol yn bys-ma 2535
omma compys yntre dew
my a'n tregh re'n arluth dev
ha na moy sur venytha
Iis CARP.
drehevyn ef abarth dev
yn ban lemyn re got ev 2540
a gevelyn da yn guyr
an combrynsy yv hemma
then the'n myghtern the thysta
an gyst na vyn dos the squyr
S CARPBNTARIUS
ov arluth myghteyn salmon 2545
yraa mur a varthogyon
a'n keth gyst-ma warvethys
L. 2543. dun B.
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(delwedd F0656) (tudalen 193)
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THE WORLD. 193
FIRST CARPENTER.
Reach to the ground, I pray thee,
Soon it shall be remedied,
I will soon join it well :
To be angry with me, thou needst not.
Now, certainly, it is the right length ; 2525
Let us adjust it soon to its place.
SECOND CARPENTER.
The devil may adjust thee to his maw,
He cannot the beam to its place ;
Too long it is by a cubit.
In the just middle cut the joint, 2530
And if it be not straight,
I know not what I may say.
FIRST CARPENTER.
We will cut it as thou sayest ;
That is the middle, on my faith,
By every mark in this world. iB3S
Here, straight between the two,
I will cut it, by the Lord God,
And no more, surely, ever.
SECOND CARPENTER.
Let us raise it, in God's name.
Upright ; now it is too short, 254°
A good cubit, in truth.
The exact is this ;
Let us come to the king to declare
The beam will not come to the square.
FIRST CARPENTER.
My lord king Solomon, 2545
Here is much of wonders
By this same beam wrought ;
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(delwedd F0657) (tudalen 194)
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194 BEGINNING OF
an nyl torn y fyth re hyr
tres aral re got in guyr
ken fo mar len musurys 255°
REX SAL.
yn della aban ywe
my a comonnd y wore
gans enour bras desympys
yn temple the wrowethe
ha guetyeugh pup y worthye 25SS
war beyn agas bos lethys
24a. BEX SAL.
ha why carpenters gentyl
aspyeugh yn ov cossow
pren the gyst hep tol na gyi
vethens gurys thyugh hep whethlow 2560
ns CAEPENT
my a wor pie ma onan
trehys hag ol schapys glan
mar asyw thy'nny evn hys
is CARP
awos dev dun ahanan
th'y gerhas the dre certan 2565
may hallo bos musurys
nS CARPBNT
otteve ov crowethe
my re wruk y vusure
rag an keth wheil-ma dewyth
IS CARPENT
war agan keyn ef a thue 2570
the dre th'y settye th'y le
rag pur tha ew rag an wyth
L. 2550. lell B.
1
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(delwedd F0658) (tudalen 195)
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THE WORLD. 196
At one hand it is too long,
By another it is too short, truly,
Though it is so carefully measured. 2550
KING SOLOMON.
Since it is so,
I command you to put it,
With great honour, forthwith,
In the temple to lie ;
And take care all to worship it, 2555
On pain that you be killed.
KING SOLOMON.
And ye, gentle carpenters,
Seek in my forests
A tree for a beam, without hole or fault,
Be it made by you, without deceit. 2560
SECOND CARPENTER,
I know where there is one.
Cut, and all shaped clean,
If it be a proper length for us. .
FIRST CARPENTER.
For God's sake, let us come away,
To bring it, certain, to the city, 2565
That it may be measured.
SECOND CARPENTER.
See it lying ;
I have measured it
For this same work twice.
FIRST CARPENTER.
On our back it will come 2570
To the town, to put it in its place ;
For very good it is for the work.
K 2
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(delwedd F0659) (tudalen 196)
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196 BEGINNING OF
lis CARPENT
Syttjyn an pren yn y plas
dev ker danvon thy'm an gras
may hallo henna sevel 2575
P CARPENT
ny gaffen war ov loute
composse pren yn nep le
na rag an plas-ma vyth wel
lis CARPENT
dun the leuerel yn scon
d'agan arluth salamon 2580
bones an temple coul wrys
[ad regem scdcmwri]
heyl ov arluth yn the thron
gurys yv the temple hep son
agan gobyr ny a'th pys
REX SAL
banneth a'n tas re ges bo 2585
why as-byth by godys fo
agas gobyr eredy
warbarth ol gueel behethlen
ha coys penryn yn tyen
my a's re lemyn though why 2590
hag ol guer-thour
an enys hag arwennek
tregenver ha kegyllek
annethe gureugh though chartour
IS CARPENT
gromersy arloth hep par 2595
ny a yl lour bones prout
ny's teve tus vyth hep mar
roow mar tha by myn hout
L. 2597. I now see the meaning of nysteve, nystefyth, &c.
rendered, " bring forth (children)," in the vocabularies, from
a lictitious verb steffo, " to have." These expressions will
be from the ordinary root tev, or tef, " to grow," " to
come,"
&c. See ante, I.300, benytha ny's tevythjlogh, " Never shall
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(delwedd F0660) (tudalen 197)
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THE WORLD. 197
SECOND CARPENTER.
Let US put the tree in its place ;
Dear God, send me the grace,
That that may stand. 2575
FIRST CARPENTER.
We may not get, upon my truth,
A straighter tree in any place.
Nor for this place any better.
SECOND CARPENTER.
Let us go and say forthwith
To our lord Solomon, 2580
That the temple is quite done.
[To king Solomon.]
Hail, my lord, on thy throne !
The temple is done without noise ;
Our wages we ask thee.
KING SOLOMON.
Blessing of the Father be on you ! 2585
You shall have, by God's faith.
Your payment, surely ;
Together all the field of Bohellan,
And the wood of Penryn, wholly,
I give them now to you ; 2590
And all the water courses.
The island and Arwinnick,
Tregenver, and Kegelhk,
Make of them a charter to you.
FIRST CARPENTER.
Thanks, lord, unequalled, 2595
We may be proud enough ;
Never have men received, without doubt,
Gifts so good, by my head.
children be to her :" see also 1. 1808, which should have been
ny's tefythfout a gyffzans, and rendered, "There shall not be
to them a lack of bounty." See also D 508, 2647. But in
the line before us, we should read, I think, ny's ceve, from,
the verb caffus, " to take."
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(delwedd F0661) (tudalen 198)
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198 BEGINNING OF
BE!X SAL
my a vyn lemyn ordne
mab-lyen ov sel pryve 2600
the vos epscop yn temple
an lahe the venteyne
servys the dev the gane
y sacra scon my a wra
Consvltor erit epc. et dicit
CONSULTOB
syr arluth dev tal thy'so 2605
ov mones the ry thy'mo
dygnyte bras an par-na
guyw yv yn len the servye
the servonnth ov thafonsye
nynsus par thy's yn bys-ma 2610
[hie consuUor induit vestivientv/m clicj
24'^. REX SAL.
yrverys eu ru'm levte
sol-a-thyth the avonsye
an kynse benfys a'm been
the epscop guraf the sacre
kymraer the vytour whare 2615
ha byth yn the servys len
[hie dat metram episcopo]
EPISCOPUS
aban vynnyth yn della
y resseve my a wra
yn gorthyans the'n tas a'n nef
L. 2609. thafonsye : I suppose from the French avancer.
L. 26 1 1 . yrverys is compared with ervyr of 20. i . and
60. 1, of Mount Calvary. In both cases a syllable is wanting;
in the first case the rhyme is e, and Pryce has eruryr : I
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(delwedd F0662) (tudalen 199)
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THE WORLD. 199
KING SOLOMON.
I will now ordain
A priest, my privy seal, a6oo
To be bishop in the temple ;
The law to maintain,
To sing the service to God,
Consecrate him forthwith I will.
The counsellor shall he bishop ; and he says : —
COUNSELLOR.
Sire, lord, God reward thee, 2605
Going to give to me
Great dignity like that.
It is worth while to serve thee faithfully ;
Thy servants advancing,
None is like thee in this world. 2610
[Here the counsellor puts on the clerical dress.^
KING SOLOMON.
It hath been thought of, on my truth.
For a long time, to advance thee
To the first benefice I have.
To a bishop I will consecrate thee ;
Take thy mitre forthwith, 2615
And be faithful in thy service.
[Sere he gives the mitre to the bishop.]
BISHOP.
Since thou wilt have it thus,
I will receive it
In worship to the Father of heaven.
conclude therefore
that we should read ervyrye or eroyre.
The old translation in 20. i. is obviously absurd.
See D 1. 493.
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(delwedd F0663) (tudalen 200)
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200 BEGINNING OF
mar man dev rag an guella 2620
my a leuer yn templa
whare seruys thotho ef
\hic descendit episcopus et trcmsiet ad templv/ni\
yn enour the dev an tas
leuyrys pup gollohas
my a worhenmyn yn scon 2625
ha wose henna evyn
pep ol adro draght a wyn
rag comfortye y golon
Et tv/nc orent et
rtvwrTtw/rabunt quasi dicendo oratio-
nes et veniet maximilla in tem/ph et sedet swper
^stuppa/m et vestes ejvjs concremantwr a stwppa
et ipsa clamat dicens
MAXIMILLA
a das dev dre the versy
danfon jehes thy'mmo vy 2630
a'm cleves may thof grevyys
out out out ellas govy
ma ov dyllas ov tewy
theworth pren cryst my a grys
ov arluth ker cryst jhesu 2635
dev a'n nef dre the vertu
dufyth nerth a''n flam ha'n tan
del vyth gans the gorf prennys
adam hag eva kefrys
ha gorrys the nef gans can 2640
EPISCOPUS
What vyngeans thy's a pen pyst
pie clevsta gelwel dev cryst
gans den yn bys-ma genys
« scuppa and scuppam in MSS.
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(delwedd F0664) (tudalen 201)
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THE WORLD. 201
If God will, for the best 2620
I will say in the temple
Service to him forthwith.
[ffere the bishop goes down, cmd may cross over to
the temple^
In honour to God the Father,
Be said all praise,
I command forthwith ; 2625
And after that we will drink
Every one round a draught of wine.
To comfort his heart.
[And then they shall pray, and speak low, as if say-
ing 'prayers ; and Maxiiriilla shaU come into tJte
temple, a/nd she sits vpon a stove ; and her clothes
a/re set on fire by the stove ; and she cries out,
saying ;] —
MAXIMILLA.
O Father God, through thy mercy,
Send a cure to me 2630
For my disease with which I am aflicted.
Oh ! oh ! oh ! alas ! sad !
My clothes are blazing
From the wood of Christ, I believe.
My dear Lord Christ Jesus, 2635
God of heaven, through thy virtue,
Assuage the power of the flame and fire ;
As by thy body redeemed was
Adam, and likewise Eve,
And placed in heaven with song. 2640
BISHOP.
What vengeance to thee, O fool's head.
Where hast thou heard God called Christ
By a man in this world born ?
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(delwedd F0665) (tudalen 202)
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K3
202 BEGINNING OF
laha moyses thy'm yma
hag yn ol an keth henna 3645
nynsus y hanow scryffys
na ny leuer bos dev ken
sav an tas a nef a ban
ha ty voren myrgh hy ben
a wra dev thy's the honan 2650
crog ro'm bo er an thewen
neffre marseth ahanan
er na'n prenny yn felen
ha nagha ol the gous gulan
MAXIMILLA
na nahaf epscop goky 2655
rag an thyyr guelen defry
a ve gans dauyd plynsys
hag a ivnnyas the onan
yn token da yn certan
a'n try person yn drynsys 2660
[hie ascendit episcopvjS in tentvArn suuni\
^ [onan y w an tas a neff
arall crist y vn vaaw eff J
a vyth a wyrghas genys ' 1
ha'n sperys sans yw tressa
try hag onan ow trega 2665
yn vn dewsys me a grys]
EPISCOPUS
out warnas a pur vyl scout
hep thout pestryores stout
kyn fy mar pront ty a'n pren
nygh for sorw y am ful woud 2670
thow harlot for goddys bloud
ro thy'm cusyl avel den
L. 2652. Pryce gives, an thewen nef re marseth a honan,
" the gods never have mercy on me :" a complete mystifica-
tion, without a shew of plausibility. I have however adopted
I
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(delwedd F0666) (tudalen 203)
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THE WOELD. 203
I have the law of Moses,
And in all that same 3645
His name is not written.
We say not there is any other God
But the Father of heaven above ;
And thou, jade girl, his head
Thou makest a god to thee thyself. 2650
Hanging be to me, by the gods.
If ever thou get away from us, •
Until thou expiate it as a felon.
And clean recant all thy talk.
BfAXIMILLA.
I will not recant, foolish bishop ; 2655
For the three rods, really,
Were by David planted.
And he joined them into one.
As a good type, certainly,
Of the three persons in Trinity. 2660
[Here the bishop goes up to his seati]
[One is the Father of heaven,
Another, Christ his one Son,
Who shall be born of a virgin,
And the Holy Ghost is the third ;
Three and one, dwelling 2665
In one Godhead, I believe.]
BISHOP.
Out upon thee ! O most vile scout ;
Without doubt a stout witch.
Since thou art so ready for the tree.
Nigh for sorrow I am full wud. 2670
Thou knave for God's blood,
Give me counsel Hke a man.
the meaning he gives to thewen.
^ This stanza is added by B at the end of folio 24 verso,
but is referred to this place.
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(delwedd F0667) (tudalen 204)
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204 BEGINNING OF
35*. CROCIARroS
my a'th cusyl hep cabel
my tellyng ys no fabel
mar mymiyth hy dystrewy 2675
orden the'th tus hy knoukye
gans meyn na hethens nefre
er na varwa eredy
BPiscoPtrs
by godys fast wel y seyd
vos eet bon se dev ma eyd 2680
ha den fur a'd cusuUyow
tormentors bras ha byan
deugh yn rag ketep onan
lemyn yn ov othommow
I® TDRTOB
heyl ov arloth stout ha gay 2685
wheys yv ov thai by thys day
thy'so gy ov fystene
tel my annon y the pray
what shal y do yf y may
my a'n gura war ov ene 2690
EPI8COPU8
Eugh tynneugh an gasadow
vsy ov cul fals dewow
yn mes agan temple ny
ha gans myyn gureugh hy knoukye
er na wrello tremene 2695
venytha na wreugh hethy
lis TORTOR
na hethyn by goddys soul V
rag yma war agan toul
knoukye fast bys may feyn squeyth
dus yn mes abarth an ioul 27°°
vynytha ny efyth coul
marrow cowal ty a vyth
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(delwedd F0668) (tudalen 205)
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THE WORLD. 205
CROZIER-BEARBR.
I counsel thee, without a trial
(My telling is no fable)
If thou wilt put her to death, 2675
Order thj people to beat her
With stones, nor ever stop
Until she be dead quite.
BISHOP.
By God's faith, well said ;
Vous etes bon, si Dieu m'aide, 2680
And a prudent man of thy counsels.
Executioners, great and small,
Come forth every one
Now in my necessities.
FIRST EXECUTIONER.
Hail, my lord, stout and gay, 2685
Sweat is on my forehead, by this day,
To you hastening.
Tell me anon, I thee pray,
What shall I do ? If 1 may,
I will do it, on my soul. 2690
BISHOP.
Go, drag the wretched woman,
Who is making false gods,
Out of our temple ;
And with stones beat her
Until she be dead ; 2695
Never do ye stop.
SECOND EXECUTIONER.
We will not stop, by God's soul ;
For it is on our design,
To strike hard until we be weary.
Come out, in the devil's name, 2700
Thou shall really never escape ;
Thou shalt be quite dead.
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(delwedd F0669) (tudalen 206)
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206 BEGINNING OF
IIP TORTOE
war gas vy the thehesy
gans morben bom trewysy
the'n vyl hora war an taal 2705
neffre na wrello dybry
lemyn flerye ha peddry
kepar ha seym py lyys haal
lys TOE.TOE
my a's guysk gans vn blogon
vythqueth na ve bom a won »7io
a roUo whaf mar gales
del y's brewaf yn dan gen
kekyfrys kyc ha crohen
del veth luen a bodrethes
is TOETOB
my a re gans mur a ras 27'S
whare lemyn strokyas vras
pur evn war an brest a rag
bys may cothe hy the'n dor
ha'y brewy guyls yn dar clor
mar venys avel skyl brag 272°
MAXTMELLA
Arluth jhesu cryst a nef
kymmer mercy a'm enef
del of ragos tormontyys
drefen vn wyth the henwel
lythys of pur thyogel *72S
gaf the'm ov fegh my aM pys
25b, n^ TOETOE
a glewsyugh why cowethe
del vgy an vyl here
ov thenwel an pyth na vyth
L. 2715. See note in line 2455. 1
L. 2719. yn guyls dar clor B. I can make nothing certain 1
of this line I I should be inclined to make one word of
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(delwedd F0670) (tudalen 207)
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THE WORLD. 207
THIRD EXECUTIONER.
Soon let me strike.
With mallet, a terrible blow-
To the vile strumpet on the forehead, 2705
That she may never eat.
But stink and rot
Like train-oil or salt-marsh mud.
FOURTH EXECUTIONER.
I will smite her with a bludgeon ;
Never was a stroke which could 2710
Give a blow so hard.
As I will strike her under the chin ;
Flesh and skin also,
That it shall be full of bruises.
FIRST EXECUTIONER,
I will give with much accuracy 27 'S
Soon now great strokes.
Very exactly on the breast in front ;
Until she fall upon the earth
•And bruise her, in fierce pain,
As small as malt dust. 2720
MAXIMILLA.
Lord Jesus Christ of heaven.
Have mercy on my soul.
As I am for thee tormented.
Because once I called on thee.
I am killed very certainly ; a7»S
Forgive me my sins, I pray thee.
SECOND EXECUTIONER.
Do ye hear, comrades, '
How the vile strumpet is
CaUing on the thing not existing ?
guylsyn, but the correction of B is against it ; and even then
the sense would be doubtful.
L. 3729. I think tkenwel is put for henwel ; the authority
of Pryce is worthless. See also y thanwaf'm 1. 123.
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(delwedd F0671) (tudalen 208)
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208 BEGINNING OF
hy a thesefse scorne 2730
gans an epscop ha'y dolle
the worthye dewow nowyth
IIIS TORTOR
ha rag henna war an chal
hy gueskel genef yv mal
ha brewy hy esely 2735
a pur voren plos myrgh gal
ty a verow sur cowal
awos the thev nay vestry
lys TORTOR
a'y vestry ef ny re'n bram
yn dyspyt th'y das ha'y vam 2740
an voren a vyth lethys
ty a fyth whare drog lam
the escarn ol ketep tarn
gans ov bom a fyth brewys
[hie moritur mctximilla]
IS TORTOR
powesough aflythygyon 2745
' rag marow yv an voron
gans ow whaffys sol a breys
ha resys gois hy holon
dun ny the thesta in scon
d'agan epscop del yv gureys 2750
IP TORTOR
a taw cowyth my a'd pys
ny gresaf awos an beys
bos an hore whath marow
nefre kyns mos alemma
ry whaf thethy my a wra 27SS
gans myyn grow yn bras garow
L. 2730. See line
908.
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(delwedd F0672) (tudalen 209)
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THE WORLD. 209
She would wish to strive 2730
With the bishop, and delude him
To worship new gods.
THIED EXECUTIONER.
And for that, on the jaw
To smite her the will is to me,
And bruise her limbs. 273s
O very jade, dirt, daughter of evil,
Thou shalt die, surely, quite.
Notwithstanding thy God or his power.
FOURTH EXECUTIONER.
Of his power I value not a puff ;
In spite of his father and his mother, 274°
The jade shall be killed.
A bad chance shall soon be thine ;
Thy bones all, every bit.
With my blows shall be bruised.
[Here MaximiUa dies.^
FIRST EXECUTIONER.
Rest ye, fine fellows, a74S
For dead is the jade
By my blows a long time past ;
And the blood of her heart is run out.
Let us go to declare immediately
To our bishop as it is done. 2750
SECOND EXECUTIONER.
silence, comrade, I pray thee ;
1 do not believe, for the world.
That the strumpet is yet dead.
Ever before going hence.
Give a blow to her I will, 2755
With gravel stones very sharply.
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(delwedd F0673) (tudalen 210)
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210 BEGINNING OF
Ilis TORTOR
heyl syr epscop caradow
nans yv an voren marow
a hys yma a'y groweth
awos gotheuel ancow 2760
ny nahas hy lauarow
wos-talleth na wos-teweth
EPISCOPUS
awos henna nynsus vry
gallas hy gobyr gynsy
ha servyys yv del gothe 2765
rag a's lafur why as beth
behethlan ha bosaneth
eugh whare th'aga seysse
kyns hy bos nos
my a rea 2770
thyugh an dremma
hag ol chennary an clos
lys TORTOR
ha larges epscop cortes
ha larges pup ol gylwes
larges warbarth leuereugh 3775
guyw yv prest servye yn ta
pur wyr epscop an par-ma
rag gentel yv del weleugh
EPISCOPUS.
dus a le-na ty gebal
gor an pren yn mes gans mal 2780
ha"'th wereses amalek
L. 2770. rea B. ree A.
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(delwedd F0674) (tudalen 211)
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THE WORLD. 211
THIRD EXECUTIONER.
Hail, sir bishop, beloved,
Now is the jade dead,
At length she is lying.
Although suffering death, »76o
She did not retract her words.
At first nor at last.
BISHOP.
Because that she was not obedient,
Her reward is gone with her.
And she is served as she ought. 2765
Because of your labour you shall receive
Bohellan and Bosaneth ;
Go at once and possess them,
Before it be night.
I will give 2770
To you these places,
And all Chennary of the Close.
FOURTH EXECUTIONER.
And largesse, courteous bishop,
And largesse, let every one call ;
Largesse together, say ye. 2775
It is always worth while to serve well.
Truly a bishop like this.
For gentle he is, as you see.
BISHOP.
Come away, thou
Gebal,
Carry the tree outside with a will, 2780
And let Amalek help thee.
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(delwedd F0675) (tudalen 212)
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212 BEGINNrnG OF
ha teuleugh e dral ha dral
yn bessede pur gowal
del ywe pyt cafalek
[hie portat ligwum ad bethaayda]
26*. GEBAL
whar[e] ef a vyth deges 2785
amalac re by ereges
yn fen Jky mmer a nyl pen
AMALAC
dun ganso a dysympys
ha poynyn gans mur a grys
ha yn dour goryn an pren 279°
[nuncius venit ad episcopum]
NUNCIUS
arhith whek ny amonnt man
an pyt a wrussyugh certan
lemyn moy dysenour thys
rag ov keusel y the der
aban ethe the'n teller 2795
bos clevyon dretho sawayys
may the der worth the vlamye
ha henna marthys yn fras
an temple ty th'y denne
ha bos thotho kymys ras 2800
EPISCOPUS
Nynsus fors awos henna
my a wor wheth cusyl tha
thy'm the wruthyl by thys day
nynsus pons war thour cedron
my a vyn ordene yn scon 2805
tus th'y denne ef bys d'y
L. 2782. teuleugh a B.
L. 2784. cafalek may be a name for a " stagnant pool."
I
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(delwedd F0676) (tudalen 213)
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THE WORLD. 213
And cast it, dragging and dragging,
Into Bethsaida very completely.
As is pit Cafalek.
[ffere he carries the wood to Bethsaida.'\
GEBAL.
Presently it shall be carried ; 2785
Amalek, may you be hanged,
Take it up at once by one end.
AMALEK.
Let us come with it immediately ;
And let us run with great strength,
And into the water put the tree. , 2790
[A messenger conies to the bishop.]
MESSENGER.
Sweet lord, not avails any thing
The pit which you have made, certainly.
But rather dishonour to thee.
For I am come back to say.
When they went to the place, 2795
That the sick were healed by it.
May est thou come back from thy blame,
And that wonderful thing,
Mayest thou drag it to the temple ; *
And may much favour be to it. 2800
BISHOP.
There is no hurry for that ;
I know yet a good counsel
For me to do, by this day.
There is no bridge over the water of Cedron.
I will at once order 2805
Men to drag it to that place,
In Welsh, caf is " a hollow," and llega, " sluggish."
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(delwedd F0677) (tudalen 214)
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214 BEGINNING OF
yn dan dryys may fo pottyys
ha'y vertu a vyth lyhys
dre an mostethes hep fal
degeugh an pren a thyhons 2810
war thour cedron may fo pons
ty amalac ha gebal
AMALAC
Gebal the conna a greg
a dystough mars ty a theg
a neyl pen the dour cedron 2815
cachaf yben pur anwhek
duwon yn y gorf «a'n meek'
ny vyth hutyk y golon
[hie reportat lignum a bethsaida super aquam
Cedron]
GEBAL
nynsyw marth cuth ken y'm bo
ov toon an pren a the dro 2820
ha n'agan byth gobyr vyth
dro ve gode thous re'th fo
nans on lafuryys ganso
hag an yssyly pur squyth
[The Drama is written by one hand : the few remaining lines
are in another liand-writing, which is continued to the end
of the manuscript.]
REX SAL
a tus vas why re welas 2815
fetel formyas dev an tas
nef ha nor war lergh y vrys
L. 2816. B kachaf. The Armoric eb^, "the other,"
proves the meaning given to yben. See also D 1. 2826.
* B a vleek.
L. 2822. Pryce gives a line, drove deu e thous reth fo,
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(delwedd F0678) (tudalen 215)
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THE WORLD. 215
That it may be put across it ;
And its virtue will be lessened
By the dirt, without fail.
Carry the tree quickly, 2810
Over the water of Cedron to be a bridge,
Thou Amalek and Gebal.
AMALEE.
Gebal, thy neck be hanged !
If thou wilt immediately carry
The one end to the water of Cedron, 2815
I will seize the other very sharp :
Sorrow in his body choaks him,
Nor is liis heart glad.
[Here he brings hack the wood from Bethsaida over
the water of Cedron^
GEBAL.
It is no wonder if sorrow be in me,
Carrying the tree about, 2820
And not any wages will be for us.
• Bring it, confusion be to thee ;
Now we are oppressed with it,
And our limbs are very weary.
KING SOLOMON.
O, good people, y^ou have seen 2825
How God the Father created
Heaven and earth after his judgment.
and Englishes it, " brought by God downward it must be."
This must be the line intended, but the translation will not
correspond with it : gode thous is, apparently, an impre-
cation ; or perhaps gode thons, " a good dance."
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(delwedd F0679) (tudalen 216)
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116 BEGINNING OF
wege henna j fynnas
adam eua dre y ras
y's gruk haual sur keffrys 2830
thotho deffry
ol an beys a ros thetha
may hallons ynno bewa
h'agha fleghys vynytha
a theffo anethe y 2835
y vennath theugh yn tyen
keffrys gorryth ha benen
flogholeth
an guary yv dve lymmyn
ha the welas an passyon 2840
a jhesus hep gorholeth
a worthevys crys ragon
a-vorow devg a dermyn
hag eus pup dre
a barth a''n tas • menstrels a ras 2845
pebough whare
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(delwedd F0680) (tudalen 217)
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THE WORLD. 217
After that he would create
Adam and Eve, through his grace ;
He made them like, surely also, 2830
To him5€^ indeed.
All the world he gave to them,
That they might in it live,
And their children afterwards
Who should come from them. 2835
His blessing to you wholly,
Men and women likewise.
Children,
The play is now ended.
And to see the Passion 2840
Of Jesus without delay,
Which Christ suffered for us,
To-morrow come in time ;
And go all home.
In the name of the Father ; minstrels, I pray, 2845
Pipe immediately.
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(delwedd F0681) (tudalen 218)
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218
BEGINNING OF
Deus pater
LXXVII
I' homo
V
Adam
XXXIX
II« homo
VII
eua
XVII
I» miles
I
serpens
VIII
II" miles
I
cherubin
XI
armiger
II
caym
XII
calef
II
abel
VIII
iosue
I
lucifer
IV
rex dauid XXXVI
sathanas
IV
pincerna
V
belsebuc
IV
cecus
II
seraphin
II
claudus
I
seth
XXI
surdus
I
noe
XXI
barsabe
IV
uxor noe
VII
vrias
VI
sem
VI
I" cimiterius
II
uxor ejus
I
IP cimiterius
II
cam
V
rex salamon
XV
uxor ejus
I
I' carpentarius
XI
iafet
VI
II» carpentarius
X
uxor ejus
I
episcopus
XI
abraham
XIV
maximilla
IV
ysac
VII
crociarius
I
gabriel
VIII
I» tortor
III
moyses
XXXIII
II» tortor
III
pharao
XIV
III* tortor
III
aron
VII
IV' tortor
III
nuncius
XXIIII
gebal
II
consultor
IX
amalac
II
In the above list,
the numerals after the names
appear to designate the number of speeches made by
each person. I do not know the meaning of the follow-
ing Diagram, unless it be a rude representation of the
stage or amphitheatre on which the drama was ex-
hibited ; shewing the locality of heaven and hell, and
the places where some of the chief actors remained
when not actually engaged in repeating their parts.
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(delwedd F0682) (tudalen 219)
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219
THE WOKLD.
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(delwedd F0460) (tudalen a012a)
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(delwedd F0461) (tudalen a012b)
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(delwedd F0462) (tudalen a013a)
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(delwedd F0463) (tudalen a013b)
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HIC INCIPIT
ORDINALE DE ORIGINE MUNDL
DBUS PATER 02Jin
tas a nef y'm gylwyr
formyer pup tra a vyt gvrys
Onan ha try on yn gvyr
en tas ha'n map ha'n spyrys
ha hethyv me a thesyr S
(Jre OY grath dalleth an beys
y lauaraf nef ha tyr
bethens fbrmyvs orth ov brys
^lemmen pan yv nef thy'ii gwrys
ha lenwys a eleth splan , 'o
ny a yyn formye an bys
par del on try hag onan
an tas ha'n mab h^'n spyrys
pur ryel yn sur certan
an re-ma yv oberys '5
del yynsyn agan honan
yx\ secund dyth y fynna
gruthyl ebron net' hynwys
rag ythevel thy'm bos da
yn kynsa dyth myns vs gvrys »«>
bethens ebron dreys pup tra
rak kvthe myns vs formyys
rak synsy glaw a wartha
the'n nor veys ipay fe dyllys
* This stanza is written on the fly-leaf by a subsequent
\\md, and rather illegibly. It may not have formed a part
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https://translate.google.com/
B5237: 
yn 
aith δ δ £