kimkat3425k The Language, Literature, And Literary
Characters, Of Cornwall: With
Illustrations From Devonshire. The
Reverend R. Polwhele, Of Polwhele, And Vlcar Of Manaccan. London: Printed For T. Cadell And W. Davies,
In The Strand. 1806.
14-01-2020
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Gwefan Cymru-Catalonia The Reverend R. Polwhele,
Of Polwhele, And Vicar Of Manaccan Rhan 1/2: Tudalennau 0-102
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The
Language, Literature, And Literary Characters, Of Cornwall: With Illustrations From Devonshire. By The
Reverend R. Polwhele, Of Polwhele, And Vicar Of Manaccan. London:
Printed For T. Cadell And W. Davies, In The Strand. 1806. |
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Printed
by G. Sidney, Northumberland Street, Strand |
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LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, AND LITERARY
CHARACTERS, OF CORNWALL. THE Origin and • genius of the
Cornish language, and its affity with the ǂ Welch and Armorican, ǂǂ
have been sufficiently illustrated in the ancient history. Little else
remains, but to notice its extent and observe it gradually contracting its
limits, till we see it reduced to a mere point, though not sure of its utter
extinction. The • In imposing names places, the Cornish discovered a degree of and a • •n to the Saxon' had no In proof Of 'his L to the irgtances already Very Word', and CrÆer, or And I tnvc Chosen because I was MCC to annex a different to the two, and to the third as illegitimate. The cliff
AlJvfårn is commonly Ha ; and. as i t is 00 e Of the boldest and loftiest that front the I had taken literally, c Z Bat it been interprted the diff, i. e. as ; from All, a cliff, and ifarn, On#nus) we may indeed shudder if we it VitPh the idea of the nocturnal operations of the smugglers 'hat%czt this part
ofg&ornwall. may admit Of a more than has yet been given. Situated Centreof abounding with it was the princifNl place of coursing in the British
times: many a in fashion, it Of thc gentlemen Of this neiKhbourhood. Resolving the dwtun and bema, to We have do—cc'" : this b•xh picturesque and
Cebc•r had struck from linofour rivets. Here bad followed authority; but thc old Of
E-L•tstOO thJt it tbc true It a river; and, in S the word means a That there isa river so eallcd in am by a beautiful Stanza Venus. The may be in -0 Her skin excell'd the raven Her breath, thc fragrant orange b Her eye, the t10pic : Was her lip as "ken down. mild her look, IS evening gild' COD t There is a Pul•tebellt ia Cern•rvmsbire.• Portdavet—Pl.in dc 'Vcr. This last word m 'h.ow light on the or or Lucy, have Keli) dc |
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4 LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, AND The Cornish language vas current in a part
of the South-hams, (which I have called East.
Cornwall) in the time of Edward the First; and long after, in all the
vicinities of the Tamar. In Cornwall,
it was universally spoken. Those Of rank and education could have supported no sort Of intercourse with the
lower classes, if they had totally abandoned it. That the gentlemen Of Cornwall were not
unacquainted with the Cornish language at the time Of the Reßrmation, I infer from the following
circumstance : When the uturgy was appointed by authority to take place of the Mass, they
desired that it might not be enjoined them in
Cornish not pleading their ignorance Of the Cornish, but preferring
the English, for the sake of their
mercantile and other connexions. At the same time we should-presume, that the
common people understood a little
English ; as the legislature vould scarcely have forced the Liturgy upn them in tongue utterly unknown. • Yet,
• Sinte this Mr. Whitaker hi' Cathedral or Where p. th't • •T he English was not desired by tbz
Cornish. but forced the Cornish by 'hc tyranny Of Engl.nd, at "toe u•ben
the English was unkrgywn in Cornwall.
This Of tyranny (he Continues) Vas at OOCc gross 'O Cornish people, and to the Some ago w , o f he a the on the Welch
langu•ge, thus of Corn In Corn walt
(formerly called Wales) British veats
ago used, in history Of thit Informs
us) lost. The •n who woe co io•nv
retain Of the Words, adulterated With an Oi Freneh. the Of and Of M»n. • dtalctt Of the ancvcnt
British Or Itic Bui in so have been Of
Wales of their and that It has the of
the 'he of ward l. to introduce the English custom'.
there, by keepir,k giving thr Welch
encouragement learn 'hr:" in:"' + •n army; I ail meat" which the out to
their language. •rd thereby to
Bri•ons; yec they could prevail to '0 tb.t
he Wcich to Wove, that to and
to For Ihrs he people from Fform•ng
thru pub"c worship in they sand
Of th: rights liberties Of mankind ; that to perform in •n unknown is, such a by 'he '4th the
clergy 'o •he i" a with wh-ch the
are by the 5th Of .na 'he '4th of ll.
it "enacted, divine be pc'iortucd in the Welch di• cescs whrte i' and that by Of wh"
reside they havr arc Withouta read
evey •n their rhurchcs, •n Which In of Ou the question he the utrin,ent.l con Go:" these If pysJ 'he natives Wales excluded from
preferment' in that enducementtoa be
invoiv•d In gothic sod By the of the
every part Of Ea. and many almost
either or moo v u n. I wc may obsove. the parent Of fan*icam;
and whilcthc comma' people Of Wales their in
of mountains, they naturally Of every Who any
it mutt be it to oblige the Wales in an • was the of D.vid Who, though highly
extolled by English historian', Proved a traitor the lauct to from English slavery. |
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crTERARY
CHARACTrRS, or CORNWALL. 5 latter end of the reign Of Henry VIII. Dr.
John Moreman, a native of South. hole,
and vicar of Menhenniet, the first who taught his parishioners the Lord's
prayer, Creed, and Ten Commandments in
the English tongue. If the inhabitants Of Menhenniet Zhen, in the East Of Cornwall, were not acquainted even
with the Lord's Prayer in English before they were thus instructed by their vicar, it may well
supposed that, further West, the people had Still less knowledge of English. Leland, who made a
complete tour through Cornwall, in the reign Of Henry Vlll. says nothing, ic is true, of
the Cornish language : and there are some Who infer from his silence, that the Cornish was then
extinct. But, would an Engiish traveller in Wales at this day, inform his countrymen, that Welch was
spoken in that principality NO surely: to ten
them whatthey all knew beforei would be imm*rtincnt. The Cornish, now
rapidly on the decline. Attached as
they were to their hereditary tongue, the common naturally Wished to understand a language in which
they were expected, not only to converse with their Mrperiors, but to address the Deity. And,
in proportion to their attention to the English, they seem to have neglected the Cornish. Carew,
who published his Survey Of Cornwall in
remarks, that the Cornish Was driven into the uttermost skirts Of the
shire." • hold an so their
language deduced from the source, and
A Of mine. one ma•ter discoursed once me:e, the from, •t had the G•rcke: and beside diacri Whk'h in ;
Cornish. Mot her B"hop
TO Boa t Snoring.
with suibc.ent plenty to expresse the conceits of Wit. in and rime : yet on m mor•: rye, t th:n Stand, the Eagluh tor
• • they h •oe three fayre 10 borrow Of this releued • • They the after like Latina, In oombering they say, a, Pid,lrr. Am',
Eatb, Edna 15 17
40 100. D,atoza.z, ca„,.
Mille. • ' Dgrdatba : a do you Do
dvrdalalba : Wei you. Farewell. A
sister, 'hey , -u;orra.• • • mug, b,
my troth. Warrafo; by my thee. PedN
iou, deu•l' he'd ; pan great bead: Winking hexi: so in th 'hev
One vet retayne 'h.•y proofeof their
: prayer, and ten beyond +• in
to tie; |
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6 LANGVAGE, LITERATURE, AND And Norden, whose History of Cornwall is
supposed to•have been compiled about 1610,
informs us, that the Cornish language was chiefly used in the Westerrl
Hundreds of the County, particularly
Penwith and Kerrier. And yet, (which is to be marveyled) though the husband
and wife, parents and children, master
and servants, do naturally communicate in their native language; yet there is none of them, in a manner, but
is able to converse with a stranger in the English tongue, unless it be some obscure people
who seldom confer with the better Sort. But it seemeth, however, that in a few years the Cornish
will be, by little aud little, abandoned." • In the parish of Feock, the Cornish
resisted the scythe of time so long," that about the year 16+0, Mr. William Jackman, vicar of
that parish, was Obliged to administer the Sacrament to the communicants in their-old native
tongue, because the aged people did not understand English." (says Hals) the vicar often
told me." In 1650, the Cormsh Language was Current in the parishes of St.,Paul and St.
Justi the fisher and market-women in the former, remembrance. But the and knowledge of this
hued Doctor the eth t*lryed•. for the
English Six-ach doth "ill and ha'h d'iucn the same in:o the skirts or
the Of Very their as to a r they wi speake it : for
if me them by you or any such nau}dua can s no Saxonagc. uing it iro-tn the best hands Of their owne
gentry, and the The which they sFke,
is and merchants ERIt they •n accent,
and eclipsing (somewhJt like thr Somersetshire men) in names, Mathew Nichoas, kafe Clemerxe, Cl.-mm-rate, {olding Kerein
a course of extension to the abridgement,
terme : Beco.• Lauren", as
Sicilians currayle to they bauc
Lakcn which their 'bat is, fovtuocd aymc
of which kinds to bc it, Iu*h•:
Strange, threaten, tbe•u•,
J"q•, tk•y say. make idle a that
is, a CO*e fOf In number effect a
thing, they adde, as two, or : ten, or : twentic, or somc: id
thereabous. The other rude terme»
wherewith and Cornilb men •re cÆtcn twyted. may plc-ad in their defence, not
pre— gripiion Of uicic, but the tttie
•d propnetie, (be benefit of signaficutcy: for most of them take their from our language, continue in amongst 'be
Dumb ef Nim{ü Cund to Cundi",
Geladen: cruinggculs. to so is cutting Of little from suck. the dust which riseth: which
•Which 'bey expres.K Our meaoiog
another Care•tv. f. 55. a (which arc deucndcd from lhe conquest
families) to be local. that custom
?fhxing the of on their next though I could As for lhe in the west, they continue to
call the by the father's christian name, that
begins to Wear o ff. I remember Onc of the of St. A having three
himself Was catlcd second. John a'n
Bar", name Of right. , thee is not Emily, believe, Ami ia the teal is so dowa both in the • pp. 26,
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CHARACTERS,
or CORNWALL. and the tinners utter,
convesing, for the mtxt part, in their tongue. In 1662, Cornwall visited by Mr. Ray, paid
Very particular attention to the language spoken in different parts Of England; as appears
by his having collected their peculiarwords and proverbs. We find, accordingly, in his Itineraries,
(published by Mr. Scott, F.A.S.) that Mr. Dicken Gwyn cmsidered as the only person who could
then write in the Cornish lanßrage, and who,
lived in one Of the most western parishes, called St. Just, where
there were few but what could Speak
English; whilst few Of the children could speak Cornish : that the language
would be soon. entirely lost,"
Mr. Ray observes, in another place, that Mr. Dicken Gwyn (whom he
mentions the only person could •tvritt
Cornish) was no grammarian ; and that another man, named Pendarvis, was. the whole, perhaps better
skilled he probably means. that
Pendarvis was supposed to speak it with greater purity than Dicken Gwyns
though not able to •rite Cornish.
About the year 1678, the Rev. F. Robinson, rector Of Landawednak,
preached t to his parishioners Cas Mr.
tells us) in the Cornish language only. t Lluyd, in • p.p. 26,
If Mr. a in the langute, he
able to uriie Cornish ; some yean
before, du t coO i t. MS shop G' in ht aionrtoCamden•. Gm.." ,
old Cornish is almon quite driven out of the country, , being hv 'he vulgar in two or Land-rod: and
they too understand the English. In Other
the inh•bitants or nothing of in •Il likelihood a short time destroy
the small remains that are kft Of it.
Tisa while that men could it, of them 00 schol•r Or grammarian. and then blind With JRC. wd indeed, the
inconveniences common them With tbc
such as the of :heir O'ig;aal mmaments. winch complatn• Of; and the
Roman language breaking in u m. hinted
by same Gildas, With and Martial) their language has hod some disadvantages;
the of commerce andcorrcw'doxc
ARMORICANS UNDER HENRY V 11. WHICH TEINE THEY
M" •re At. OF AND WITH t HEM. NOW prcrnt Of that xnple in its than the Cornish : and
they •till understand another. [See
The remains Of Cornish very to down 'he creed in th at language, as it
gratlfy the to p'en1ySOn•e Of that
have lefi. The Creed in Cornish.
Agrrezcty y en neu han no•re. Ha yo Jesu gcnrz than an Voz Mareea. Piiat,
got-is y yn d'gmw durnytuiue taz
ol'gokvk, ena eu dvaz du juga ham vanw
M: yo spent sang Catholic Eglis, yn yo
han rae..cvcra. Another particular of of when the Act OF Uniform'"' made, th. Welsh had it in
thor Own tongue; but Cornish, in Love With grati& it Kerns. to have tiE common liturgy that
language. third cause the givin over of the
i. e. grot which Were u.e-d the grot c•nvemions Of Fople, cormsted
Of They were he'd (be whereto t}Ere
were banks thrown up en g, may much noth•ng appears of in their conversation,
and but very little in any Old Tbrt•,•
found. Orr tn an Oki court-hand on and in 1036• Verses our It for Christ, according to
arrtent Roman way Of for so Judæos,
imputsore Cir-ate, tumultuantes," But. this may anv tae pronounce it By the cilar.cters
and o' or and dcærmines •gains. The
Other or :he, ooc and the other duhop u eying, only' Pfi'h:s |
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LANGUAGE,
LITERATURE, AND leter to Rowland,
dated March 10, 1701, observes, that the Cornish Was then only retained
in ave Or six villages towards the Land's-end. • Mr. •Visit to *quaint its in order to the finishing Of his
Archcologi•; and by the hunts which then collected. and the Mr. his Grammar. he published in 1707 i
('hr first minted in Cornish by that
time thoroughly with the dialects Of the tongue, be was able to correct the error' of thc Cornish; who, •n
many greatly drgerrnted from the orth•r-aphy Of •heir Originals, *cre an directed to Tho. Tonkin,
Esq. at Lambngan,in LETTER YOV by
borer, (Mr. Jones) Mr. Carew•s Survey d Cornwall, together What I once desi 'aed have wailed f long ere but
iX}W itso happen. th•t I take the
South Coast, lave North to to Old inuriBvoru as shall and '0 be Can of geography of the v*r'he.s. know
Will pleased and assist .him in 'Our neighbourheå but we have en Erg of when he leaves y«lr neighbourhuxl, to
give him .two or three letters to mcre eastward. continuance here, have not Yet removed j
caiousy. [01 ced, f; tbci r to letter
Mr. Pennick. proving co *Count Of me had Wc ixnmcd•atcly
dismissed, Eow. LHL'YD.• LETTE R Sit, I take this Of returning my
most humble to tr•veller; whois. I by
this time got safe to Oxford. For my own part, am desi•cws to spend two or
three month' in Britanny return to my
charge ; here waiting for h.ving faded at
Foy. Sirre my coaling hither I uodcrsüld "'bcr-in.law at which
'be am bound His Of recommendation
might do a singular kirudness which if you plea* request of him, send two Or three li ax lused directed to
me at M Swanson's in w. on him Mr.
Hacks, of Trcvuhic\ promis-cd me lener to him; but it 'hat when I called
Ibere, bc very much indispse•d. I
trouble him, although he offered write uevcnikless. desire the purprt Of Mr.
Kemp'. letter may to acquaint his of
my plus at Oxford. 'hat in Language ;
god that the main ot my journey into that couuuy. in •egard the their country, are but many dulcctsof 01K
and the "me language. his therefore. io getting me British then shift for mvself. • Sir Trelawney. into •t When •Il the were under sort Of in
terrible of thicvcs travel ling three
companions k nap-sacks on their 00 ,
better searching for si$es, viewing and uking draughts of every thi'%
remark.blc, and for reaoa prying into evc
hole and corner rai • strange Jealousy in people much alarmed; thou
h was the foundation. •t discovered to
the of i Righbours, to get m for r. He
Was Tonkin Lambrigan. the Sir their in
this then out the to whom Tonkin
intended co recommend him. and hid by mean.
ome ) gave him letter to late Mr. Chanceüor then rc"dtog •t
St. Very as Was poring up down making enquines •bout gentlemen's his
compx.ioos) taken up for a thief. and Orricd bciorc. usaicc pc•ce. Who, 00 ovrning Tonkin's very
at it, and treated him JOHN RAN 00
t.pH, the present Bishop of Oxford,on a the Rev. Mr. Hoblyn, Nanswhydden,
then Gwcnøa» Was apprehendce a SR;
tying detectcd in Of draw•ng plans, and exploring ibe coumry.—Mr. (that ornament to Sc*ietyof Litchfield) Vas
apprehended on h" to io Earth and
taken before a at called the Bread-fruit
Was Of St. in County) seized in 'he act of 'be flatbour of Heliord,
undea the direction Government.
insulted by the Bargemen Heiford, and triun*antly brought to to under a•uspvcim of incident served to me to
• Of Of his public chu•cter I rxed not
spcak; and hiy rated—My invevigation
Of some Old rums not from this excited degrcc gi alarm, In 1801 1 Vas
man, r*her disposed to behave rou
h"' to me, Such arc 'be the
faithful Cornish |
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LITERARY
CHARACTERS, op CORSWALt„ 9 letters two Abbots; the one from Lister,
and the Other from Mr. Moyle; but these live at • had our old M r with the ia n ; •m yet
presumption. supp-me, that had not On you m' coming to the country. He
ail the saudirsof in fot mateti•ls
towards his edition of Irla"ddr me Mr.
Of a the *'me Of his this
gentleman Fellow of Exeter, to the Aleppo.
and Foncic Grammar is half and t}ot Will cOMztn ZOO sheets in folio,
being rather a Thesaurus of No•thcrn
Learning than Enw. LHrvn. tale opportunity must is a very late One)
Of your not to you. Cut of since my
return i Which. a; VO•.I hn•e heazd I suppose
or six weeks fiter Whcrcav, When I Went I ptovo•ed not to in even or
months. sens:blc, and cnntiauc so. of
vour singular civility. both in in ptcsuring and 'Virg us letters ; where We a kind recciAion flam we
conversed with, Who, having little
bciorc received a cla-•ck for some was pleased, by t amend', to
exercise ho doable me. and other English ia neighbourhood. Mr.
the •hat brings vou iscomc in•o
England purely to improve his as to havi bccn already ut the he: Comes now to your tin of His
father himself, take it) Invc some in
the of works i and in order the to qualify himsäf. he has aivc•dy most of the •niorsof by
exlrrtence. that str-an8crs. When they come to the re:noce puts Of any count"', are of•cn
susarcted, at least by th: cornmoa pple. have presumed to recommend him to
your Lvour as a very honcg seatlcmau,
alul very knowing in 'bat stuawe*$ to, which is all at present from, EDW. LuuvD.
IV.—Honoured but three days since Mr. Thomson me letter atxn•t
the MSS., Those two formerly gave him
an ate here in Onc Of (which is. the
more valuable) is a folio, written on pychraent, in a hand , huudrcd since.
has rormerly and Mr. has (l suppsc)
the Only kopy that ever w" taken from it. compared Mr. Anstis•s (w •ch he was pleased lend me) With the
original, L find it has *veral sman errata. •r be (Sir onathan me Mr and Of Mr. Ansti"' copy, whic
have my use; but comparing book of Mr.
wit the original, 1 find the old
gentleman did keep to his text, but vaned sometimes as he tn sense.
therefore. as you truly coo. the best
to transcribe from Originals. Mr. Thomson tells me Can get the Taberders to
tnoscribe by and one Griihdi. Of Our
coliege, (who has transcribed miry, well
utinted with the hand, and partly under. stands the language) Offers service to row
both, at a Shem ; to write to eithcrof us your orders, they shall This boo:. consistsof duet:
plays; and other which written about one hundred by W. Jordrn, connins. think. but If are
for Kcigwyn's translation. it shall also transcribed must With it or if you the English in a
book apart, With the "me figures. number
lines in a vpge that the Cornish hath, it may done without mentioning,
though, know, and Mr. Arutis friends.
a sheet Will for transcribing the but the Cornish, you krov, will twxc as tedious. Sir, am Orry ibe Swedish
gentleman neglected to Ecave my letter behind him, wherein ixgged I now hcarti' do) for not returning my
thznks at coming from My Cornish verScS have, I that are not worth your enquiring after:
sent the printed copy hy (he Swede to Mr. Moor, and left With his widow ard it had been lent
them before in writing, with translation of things that to me in Cornw-an, which •re and a as can
make it, design to willing) in my
Which I hope print this 'K.x•summer. I
EDW. L'tUYD. p. S. parchment
MS. Of forty-one leaves, and given to the Library by one brut'S Button,
or Worcestershire, Esq. 16th. am
hea•tily glad 10 hnd you (amongst your other •studve,) in your own count Engoax•e and anti'!nnies; recommend co
takng in Of the Armotick Antiquities Language. which own.
LETTER V.—Honoured Cornish Verses have them) "e 'Ott; they
not trouble Of imitating Book
COrnish • then at Pearvnmyself, I an
ample recommetulatim him, for and • ••hich Of
singular Ervice to him. For, as an Cornwall taken up for a thief, at Brest
he w" ior there; and, after a
short at lest a: liberty by means letters; thAh think to theveany longer after such EX has jus'
himcdat prove', however, a *reat to
him, well to all since it hindered him from maki sueh in language, pnncipailt"' few of; ax fewer, doubli
will take such •h" •Od i
råat•gab'e did t w he u n&rtook.•• TO S K N. - Bishop Of Editor Of |
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LANGVAGC,
LITERATURE, AND now when receive.
an this last age Or two. man in your
that th'e Cornish; if 'b? the
Tabcrders; w hic!• being plain hand, they have I wcll : t he did not
design to set the •Other because it
large task, and an Old ; Or parry about that. and the Writings.as Jesire. Be pleaxd in your next to inform
us, Whet*rr you English transvtion Writtcn
opsx•site these left blank for own Latin c" English translation
hereafter, and have Keywyn•s
translation by it*lf. The I this is,
because Kcigwyn•• makes the appear very to
regard he been in placing his words according to the Cornish,
throughout afl his work. to favour us
two lines at your first leisure. shall done you Order, and Ent you as shall
direct. eit sheets, or bound.
subscriptions took were towards my travels. Which •re now over. I have had
but few •sub. ; all the return I can
make them. will be print, and the meouom in the tide that at their exFnrs, with the and the book
*dicated to them In general the havc
according to their quality, azore, some less. from but some have Mr. of %tvitbick. Mr. hasalsouÆribed, but
please, and it will be gratefully
accepted by, Oxford, Marcb 16, EDW. LnvvD.
Regis 3tii Carmen Britannicum, Dialeetu Cornutiensi; Ad Seculi Sexti- bowl
K osgasow dcvinow ; an
Warm. An byz nith glowaz ; Lemmyn lav.r, b. rrvra raw. geru
Lavår lemmyn, ha Dev pya, Rh
Gwlaz tnwath fir dho gmtha, Kai' G Kernov rygollaz Any gwit.gredzians rygollu y
glcdhvaer. Rygollaz Enyz Blethon
y Ha bTåz. osgardh squmtyOTm G got O W , ROZ revow, got I skaphow ; Soth mlcdhan vor-buzow. h an rowmann goa bolo••; , r.vov, palow, pigolow: Kemero' ha
Tiz meikat, An dedhma neb
; Mznz rcson, galar re, Ah YW *cnniv ent re h•garo$i prisc-a
Diu olxlormivisti. pauhspcr
Somnum sib' m" excussit qurquc regtOt A multisseculis te O'bis non audiv•t Jam tandem cui in cvum I-Aucre voce, Cum suspino Imo, et clamo•c ; cuudiat cujusque &quere et Deum exora, Rcg•onis at : hdcm.
Regio prZluitum amisit ; hec
Dominum Mundus gladii suam subsidium ; Amisit Brito-num : Et fides Vera, strenuum. Aquatam retia *indite. Vela, remos, cymbas pcr scptcnnium mari Stanni juvenes, fossaria ; cuncos, rutra, accipite, et gladir*, Nemo honestus heu si Causam Exurgite, meaque audite verba : heu n:mis sunt mihi rulvcllr; |
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LITERARY
CHARACTERS, Se-v0Vb a mn' ha SFttyov
dillaz, Ha gw got gen. dow l. Ha gvÜrow go. Dhev , trey
gver?vi, own kOdhtZ An Mihtem William an byzma ukaraz t Re dun Dew ai : keffryz dhoy An Mahtern William m•r0V kmma geru
veth ! Aa Mibtem William val
eal YV gwryz; An urn. mi porth
Oiv oi Olav mvyvel ryg colyz. W. hir, vernaz "n tri; marrgz
lawr; galarwisq ; Dcw •ehedhan
; ax Materncz ehan ; hy hbrf Hy s tr.-yr mann : own 'hag henna pel trCV. mort henna Frank, ha Span Elizabeth ail: i Elam Zowzao ba
rcruivik Kernuak. an skrefna ry
Rhag tir or CORNWALL. Exurg;te, et veste
lacerate, genas Xulosque aqua i E' capita
meum novit nisi ipse Deus
Cebissimus qui tres et unus. In
m"zrn ioEgmi cujusque novit agimi.
Languen• mihi est ct lingua ligata :
auru mihi audit; ne,que "det
Heu in zcccpit Deus: Monareh:• mortem Obiit; Hinc ab excel"' angel" ! hic
Portam •am nuac Jam ætas longa est. ncquc Morti rex cit ; Tantum bone mot. optima. am *tis bcbrym*rum ; atnta-l nam Deus abstulit : substituit, Reginam. Alta mater;es (.htum usquc rami Sit altera : mortem Kit Erga Anglos di•vite', Cornubie qui hoc in dicta :
enim a portu Extract of a
Leller from Lhvyd Tonkin. to means.
the improving acquaintance Mr. Amt", is, the best xquaintedof any man livine wi'h 'bc offices
of l'bnries about Loudon; hearty he is
Of I latel had Jones, Whom you are died in small Bishop had EDW. Cornish MS, is at last transcribcdi and the
true one 'bat. vesume, ever for being
to the language and 'be bar:d.
•r.numcnblc mistakes, ccvcr collated it which dortc; but his is not
so gould be wished, though leg.blc
p.o.v.'h.. Mr. kec{tou, it himself, so a.sco make his wyn somcumcs have mistaken his author. not yet Of at the rate I mentioned, "'Ink ar•d not
much; co•nes to Shillings; for the note I taken Of the 'ice of the much You nerd not at all Of
sense of the Comr.h Of places; bat the
therein, recommend to lhe a of an Christian
in if you have any Voy you may out of cur (oat Of deeds, 01 record*' a Of Of them,
•hr |
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LANGUAGE,
LITERATVRE, AND Of to And name, once proprie:orLÆ the s.hich not
being adverted to by Mr. Ca'ew others. ha.' 'bem On mistakes.• The not a in Cornish. Or any Of
the but, a Or sonetimes, a J have
givcn service to Mr. who is to and is
Chancellor Of dioccu•. As you \avc Icisurc and Opportunity, I would you to
p«xure the variety hear 01, Of 'he
ores: though I thought I tolerably well furtt'shed, yet find by the Swede,
Who last winter in county, that have
but a I in no haste •t for ; but to make ur
Of Of im my of English so prOiXr to them in. We met bodies in ; but if you should bear
Of Your bumble Of your'S, Of Ethe thoughi then to have
the MSS, re•dy t' be sent you by this
time. The copies Of the two Cornish
hzvc ready time in my but out,
my own com of Jordan is lost; that cann« here; but you as Well done in the country, where there are
sevclal copies Of it. As for the Old MS. (ot Ordinale) I find that when bc transcribed it, it as he plea-Edi
he did not like it. Or it. it; on but
it by w the pages left vacant. w you
in time Latin tra'ul•tionof Vour own. shall the *tout. of
an Wilt, which about a month lake Care to send it the first and for an
charges, •twill bc I mentioned in Sir
to trouble With paper towards the Hinting first volume my Aichæo!ogis desir to communicate to such
fricnds as you shall guts-s. to further
desi ; and in any shall to their Dames, some before of Scpletu*r, Mr. •nwmson humble One Mr. shortly to
county. to collect plan He was
recommended to me by frieod and have made to givc him a letter to and to Mr. Moyle. LETTER VIII.—The manuscriv* had Eken Mr.
Page, but uF enquiry, one of Pembroke Colle
told me he was . gone oat of town. w_hi'Ch• ai Mr. fhomson Kas got it
transc'ibedfot and wiil it you thc st
The translation of is mJt; but must desire to keep , and their translation, a little longer,
because it is a much truer copy than mine, and am now the protu•scd in the 'hank you for your own
subscription, and Other two gcntlcmcn you mention; was sensible the t«• singular to have many
bowever I hovr to have a numberyet Of
seeing the bishop of Carlisle has returned twentyCut of Our latest
news here is the death OfYBfE who in
place Of Of the Archivc' by Dr. the warden of and place Of profcssor will be offctcd to Mr.
Hallv. Hicks•s Thesaurus Li Septentrionalium,
will published about the holy-days. I
am in the Orcs; so I desire them, till you have what variety supr»se country may and then send
them by water to London, directed to be left Vitb Mr. "ext to the Golden Ball, in Monmouth
Sweet, St. Giles in Fields, hell take care to end them to, Oxford, 8, 1703• Mr. mistaken I writ him in answer to this
letter, and afterwards to [I.tdiy oi
the tumes fonowjng— takcn from that of the former proprietor; but plainly
from 'he situaåon and circumstantial
of the pg.-re. As for example, a town on level, or piece Of groundi a
town valley between. or near,
lull"; town on a river, rivulet Of water ; the new town; bane, old town; the higher lower. or under
cvcn Which signify (as Mr. Carc« truly
interpreted it) a a ; and discourse,
corn vben it is so to of the car, without threshing. Mr. opinion With Mr. Lhuyd, pal constantly
signify Bat that it does sometimes
signify Ot Of any thing, fullv proved—as for complei Pd.bcndra, the top Of
Hendra Pol•gntr. tbc topor head of
rivulct; topof mill, Nay. Mr. Lhuyd himself, ia p. 104, 3. renders the hinder part of the
head; Which Will, or can beat Other
than the In the Old parchment Cornish MS. this word is twice to
signify 'be bead; and since word is by
many derived from the Greek, bead, and there is a manifest -*reement betwceo the Greek and the in many welds.
sce Why may &rived from •sell. Not
it doth signify a bolt. or mire ; but then would have it a s it i' gener•n
prmoutxed), •s pits ; Pul pits, t
under tlc wheel Of ; as. a pit i
S'. the town in the (be miry work, But
lhe situation Of places ought 'bc truc
without which ici. imposibtc to be "'ht." |
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LITERARY
CRARACTERS, CORNWALL. i Sir. my
humble EX-cause Mr. T I uuld agree on
consumption Of the remain&r the fiv
Even shiil•ng•) to your orders. We nov latriv drank your 'W•tbcr With
Mr. Thw.ito, more 'he fellows Of The
Dcx)ms.day also of the Edw. been done
cvcr first bein The is opted have the
1 Of in Publ•ck Library, B. 31. i'
Only Wm. pla , Which the books tranrribed for you; but there Word Of the glass-windows St. Neot•s•. so
that Slr. Gibson (or sent him that tne) must mean. the Of the •re Weil described in that MS. which
if bccn to the • I am. Oxford, 3,
1703-4. rest lertrr, a Ryeen, L•ndon, and many later" in Of rtf', K t N • L E r T E R Honuurrd Sir. ordcred the
Britannic.) to from London. to
directions, to Mr. llÆop, Of and hOF you have long since received
them. The did Write scx)nex hue thus
Waited •boot the family Ot from a Glam anshirc who has lut me the account manuscript of the families. Sir
Rome son of Cara'sson Of 'Ohn Caro,
'ab Howel Cam, 'ab John •ab Ithel Brcoin
, Thomas, Sir Devereux. (alias K )
The used ptcscr:t for King : and Of theta anall territories: for inouv annals wc
often find mention of Brenin pegQt, e. Brenin Dived, by which Pembroke-shirc; Brcnin King of
Caratganshire, As for the Gwent. 'twas Only tb't part new Monmouthshirc. For though be Williams, Of Diffryn. that one of I thel.
Prince Rats, called Pen-Kara, *hence
Of Kun: cvct to in of the Normans, among whom they lived. Karo, Or Kamcd, signihes bop Of "Ones,
and there Of plEcs so named •n and :
there not a few in Cornwall like-vise. A cominuance the greatest happiness Of day', "EDW. LHvrD.• Oxf.rd, Marcb 7, 1107.8. Honmxred Sir, formerly. T bc were sent immediatrlv to
left Wilh Mr. Philip cot Exeter; I received soon after three more.)
But having not received any letter from you I to Whether he took care to forward then
xquainted me you to him. Mecung a 2wnshire
ped.grce book, (hat of were descended likewise, to from Ynir. Prince Of Gwent. Or now called.
Monmouthsbire. not whetbcr I told in
Henir, the same rum:c the Honorius; and vntten sometrmes in old Latin
M if living, bas by this time 6mshed
h" Cornish Latimar; Which was what hinted at the preface. thing Vould much rejoice to sec. either i'
manurrip', o' print. You were pleased everal yean since th•t you got together conGderabie Of Ore s, be very
lad at r leisure, to hear further Of.
This place affords bat little worth sending. College we al*'utanotirr
building, having am told from Mr. Of'
heard, Geek ; had Of late yean. was
conkned Sepembr•r 1708. EDW.
L E •r Honoured Sr Yoa may be assured, that your my I am re them as any I ever receive. That
otOctobcr thc 28th had the misfortune torome a litdctm late to Mr. Pugh *hence cor.sidcrab!e supp»e) it was Ent
into North Wales, from thence it came to my hinds just herc When thebooks wetesentfrom LorNlon,
and gave older' for four but whether my man, who i' here. blondfr"d, say. I vcry glad the
Cornish Latim•r on, however; and should very
copy Of one of two sheets, He ht u) exemplify all the wordy, Or commcm, tii0,E few Cornish Vritirv
remaining ; then to confirm and illugrate their by to Mt, Lhuyd, to which this an answer. I
mentioned these words of Dr. in Camden
in of St. Neo". In the are several pictures relating to tion•d delivcrcd in a in the Public
Libnryat Arch. B. From I concluded
cyber describing tbe paintings in St. church windows; dreaming thn bc mont Of Jordan. and that
the tndi1iOns0f the Jews were exactly delivered ia that • Vbicb, mcct in 'ha: must a conjurer I Not that
blame but that sent information. Two
ot three of such t; taking Of." c |
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LANGUAGE,
LITERATURE, AND 'be hel dialect. If
the for me to the Sir Jefery jererys, M. p. his boug in Mary Xxe, it eve vu.tage ; in regard he
lives generally 'f please to direct so h •rafter they to cane in time. When Lvour With next
letter, be glad to kMW be yet livmg;
if whethcr Other himself. Can make shift to
Grammar. in that in the out of
the Welsh. but they •re Very fcV. if they please to send me Of all are will
'eadily the Div.mty Beadle. wb.ch
to 1001. could Mg, might pove very scrv•ceablc to. oxford, December If any one write to Mr.
Vcrm.n, I would gladly deliver it mvelf.h
p•rmurcd letter a friend to Mr Verman. or Exeter College, desired ;
but success had, whether Mr. did get
the I cannot tell.—l sent a svc€imenoi Mr. Laum•r •y Kcrnnw of the leuefA and psrtuf B; to which an
•Il-apptoviug of •he method taken therein; Which, Whether Sent to Mr. Or What else is becomcof it.
Can by means 0'; or merr that Or any • 'her from this most ingen;ous learned ; who died
suddenly, best of his time, at Jure 179 ; '0 the are* regret Of allthat had the h•pptacss
acquairncdvivh • the Of Lhnyd's
Preface (in the Cornish language) Grammar.
To the Courtnus and Noble Inhabitantsof the County Cornwall, Honour,
Health, and Happiness know well (l
carned gentlemen) th•t much debt to make to you , in the first place, upn me to and pablish Cornish and When I was
neither in 'he yet that Count more
than months —The truth this, Lords of
and some "'hers over this kingdom, to write. so as I ccmld, on the Of more th:.n bad been Written by the
much. the is would to give the bot i"fotrnation I
an to that are in this Tongue, the
British dialects, the the (or it "caned us in the the or (exccvsome small found myself to
Grammar, tongue. I know very Weil,
that inhabitants could have performed tins wotk much than •s done by me.
But considered it better give some help.
than help at hkcvise that thes poor work of mane, might induce anolher to begin agcx»d one.
have hopes •bat thenobie judges, forgive lhc
toa stranger of a far country, which if lhere were a Vocabulary,
written before, Would not be pooled this
v e ry•ver so -about in this or Voc. u
cometotk• used did (with the turnings) come 'o •nd publish But yet (on Other for any take that IS so J 10 reader, that. be ream-red by wme dilvgcnce the by the help
of 'he Welsh 'ongue; and thing some
dovnfromthe mouths of the in 'he West of Cornwall, pamcuiar in S' by the like bclpof Gentlemen. Who
wrotcoutfor me mnnv Cornish words : Mr. John of 'be lower Muurhole, Mr. in 'he aforesaid
parish Of Just, MrNas. tnkyns,of Alvenon,by and Mr. Boson, Of in the Of Paul. but I the my
armr,g from Cornuh my hands by the
most Revetcnd and mog Father in Sir Trelawney. Bishopof Exeter; and that know"'" an/ most
gentleman, John Anst", Esq. onc of the of the county Of Cornwall,
in ; and the Mt. Who, the the bocks r.kbsb; and the most judge Of out age in
the language. the thec MSS. after, Mr.
Ansns fcafrd a Vocabulary, mar.y s-nce, in 'he Library in Lnt:don. and. as
he did •ccordang to bis will onrhe he
wrote to me about over 'he voy well
th•t was not Welsh Vocabuiary. according to the name at end) V'*abularium Wallicum; but a Cornish
as the thing to though') must to
reader, thrsc Lat'" voids. Arv-ltvs, Stcaa. Sterrn; Manbrum, Ezeli Abranz• C"na; Mcn•nm,
E.IeJ*er; Rui'eanc•g; luge; Pue'. Flob;
Set•ex. Mercator, Prora. nvrrog•. Umbra, Sad;
Bufo, Raga. Ydbnunc; Scombcr, Luous,
VulFS Lougrrn• U On; L.h•nus, So"; and n.any Other words, which
ate not among know that and that with
mote tine than can the of Cf Of
Country ; in truth ate ma words them
to thi• day by the people Of although they arc not •n county of But this pug Without 'hat the V 'xabu:ary, |
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LITERARY
CHARACTERS, OF CORNWALL. 15 he Was want Of Words, did Write Old English
the by giving them sometime" Cornish
termination ; and did bling any of wolds from tlve French, as h: Would
if he had an Armorick Briton. NOW
these, 'he are the words thereof, oat of the Old Comes, rurl• Lector. Raptor, Nocta•, ; Bldin; Lagcna, Nanna; Now
i' any Armonck Baton, that wrote thn
written by any Welshman. For he been a Welsh'
man, he would, farther coos±deration. have Bror, '10%, (or Kritb)
Neidiur, Guniadydb. , Arum r, , (or Or
Kogrrrth) if n bceadone by Armonck
named Kngseailed Latin, reu' M'lij,
Lepus, ELIhinen,Broz, Scouarnog, Min : but instead Guaun dam, L", Cat,
.oå Gavar I have marked the words
taken out of this old VocabulaJY thus and this is in the like Old no
Briton ; but Of country kingdom
I know But Doctor Davies to my thought) bas Cotnish Vax•bwary in the for welsh
•nolber book But yet, as he had the Which is now in the Cotton Vonder
that he would Mt all the that to own
Neverthelc's the I very wen that the words m.rkc,d Land. are not Writ'en in the txtok caned Liber
Landa•vensil I have looked over that before-written book, in the of that Earned most knowing gentleman. the lord oi
Lanner. in country Of North Walc•, a fair
transcript in the library of Jesus , in Oxford. There is in me, that
the realer Will forgive me, that L do
not always aftcr the time. yet to the
retained in this Cornish By berre
much. the Cornish tongue, this or last hundred years: and the same re
tilde Latin and Vocabulary Et forth. I
was very to give them in the hand here
The first change is, the b, before the letter m, arid (0 and Write Gy8man, Kru•man. in the p:aceof Tam, Kan.
and Kytommn Second I'. to put the d.
letter n and tospeak thus. placeof pan, prn Guan, Brøa, Pedn, Pn•dn, Brodn. Brydnan. Ncithcr did I
fit to give to thcsc in this for
neither they hereafter retain thr•g Changes; and their tangupge 's thence
hard tummi, and not any can at all.
neither Armorkk Briton. yet "Vc'shaun, find (Nt tion, by from place they are come. The
third change to put Icttcr d brforc ('be which is pronounced as z) and to k the fot I have found
Out of the aforesaid-writtat which i' a
setting forth of more or handycd and yea'S since, where are you qx.ak them, KridJ, Pidz%i, P.•dzaar,
instead these, Crem Bob"".
Pertuar, Lagaz.• know Vcry you do thcsc as I them. but With. the single letter g, or an i. but in the Of
the English writing: and since the is
from [hence. the writing must likewise changedfrom z, for J] as Walthe
bcf0'e from d Or The fourth is turrxd
Very much the third • and that put after t, or (accordi to the Armorick
writing) of late, the letter : and to
the worås (or TO) to Ti to (or t' Pygetjba, and many From Whence the . wEnch go Off very fur
from us VIZ. spcak"W a for t; e for
; i e; a; and and b d; and l, for for any thing take me noveltic.: in for that 'be
qrakmg from thence easy anti in put, for of
them are so Old (if of them are Very old) as out language, languageof
the Of Lezou. And .notber in ruming Of
letter t, for $ ; wh.ch huge* Old, may be Old enoggh the g•YRi and keeping
it But the reader ask me why have in
this writing. preserved the aioreuid
myself. since knew the deicicnciesof them? my answer 'ha. it my
•desire that they might taken aright;
that every onc might know to (or understand to this letter. But my
hope that you not in such a msnner
suffer any Other defect' in your future Cornish you have hitherto done in the
fore-Vntten alterations.—Ncither •ny
make many in any tongue time. It early work, and therefore a licence to take anv One thing, Ik•fote
that it be IMO and bred in ccnntry, roofer it. one is to the more latc alterations, that he may
find t bem Ict him Com the words With
like Welsh words Of the country Of Guenez (Or is much nearer) and the
see the nynt, or Concord, •bout the
letters of two then may re tie Cornish keß to
if rm you may Without any know, that words arc For example; re that we Ike English words, lavgb, Nay
ubijt&; bitter, six sister, Of
var., xwi"' . For the to turn from them. What Of Britons are here in Cornwall
man krm•s; that there •re to my in
Cornish, yet in English, old md authority for the dixovery of this chigg. Of
know • Bib. B. |
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16 LANGVAOE, AND In Capin Barrinßon, brmher to Daines
Barringtui, took With him from the Mount's.
in a cruise towards the French coast, a seaman who spke the Cornish
language, and who vas understood by
some French seamen on the coast of Bretagne, and able to hold a
conversation with them. Yet scarcely
had t*elve years elapsed from this time, before the Cornish themselves (and even the westernmost Cornish) could
not understand each other, when attempting to converse in their native tongue; if we may credit
their historian. For in 1758, Dr. Borlasc informed the public, that the Cornish language had
altogether ceased, so as not to be spoken any where in conversation." • It was in 1768, that
Daines Barrington turned his attention to the present subject. In a letter to John Lloyd, Esq. F.
S.A. (dated March 31st, 1773) Mr. Barrington relates several particulars extremely interesting
to a Cornishman. I myself (says he) madea very corn. plete tour Of Cornwall in 1768 ; and
vecollecting what I had heard from my brother, I mentioned t. several persons Of that County, that I did
not think it impssible I might meet with some remains Of the language, Who, however, considered
it as entirely lost. I Set out from Penzance, however, with the landlord of the principal inn for
my guide, towards Sennan, Or most western point; and wikn I approached the village, said,
that there probably be some remains Of the lah— guage in those parts, if anywhere, as the
village was in the road to no place whatsoever and the Only alehouse announced itself to be the
lad in England. My guide, however, told me, that I be disappointed ; but that if would ride
ten miles about in my return to Penance, he
•ell are old writers. or *Miquaries, who think ther ere m" (if
there •ge from tbe my I ER•lieve a
thing or That which gmd lives do
gra«, than the noblest race. contend, Whether a gentleman may beterbe to
be a But If generat"n more
honow•ble Zhan Wherefore 'bould less esleemed. at by the this island, to may ages since descended
from such a Roman, ulius (lhough
old much ht (though this be a
Very true rule in Wales) the British names of the Cornish from their very that of are new namcd, according to
the rumes Of their places : •rui therefor. whee Old writings arc wanting, it is not very
clear from whencr [he e are deserdcå.
But on the other side, it very to that
'hey might to ascribed Sasons ; it the
greatest boruNr among Saxo•s to descended
the Normans; to and write, many times may be false. Old Saxons, Danes,
and Enov enough are manrople (very
learned every ktww•ng in O'her things}
"licitude up t bese language'. For my p. rt. am wit very K'
licitous out up t bc co it is Very o'
the and thcrcfore the now in kingdom:
gentlemen : Vc see among in the We We
yet , I Vill take mc to judge of it.
to preserve some ibiog Of an old tongue "Jute = doubt a thing very pie»ing very to our
Antiquaries, And thrrrT0re ought it
lobe by BOpåc, they that Solicitude an
enmemeot to ? and Wh ould such a at thi. ( though it but one) be English Sit H. Spclman? since ing Old Cornish in some pnatcd bock, isa
thing very nccegary to the antiquaries, and to Icarncd p. 316.
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LITERARY
CHARACTERS, or CORNWALL. carry me to a
village called Mousehole, on the western side of Mount's Bay. there Was an old woman called Doliy Pentraeth,
who could speak Cornish very fluently. Whilst we were travelling together tovards Mousehole,
I enquired how he knew that this woman spoke
Cornish; when he informed me, that he frequently went from Penzance to
Mousehole to buy fish, which were sold
by her : and that when he did not Offer a price which was Atisßctory,
she grumbled to some Other old woman
in an unknown tongue, which he concluded, to be the Cornish. When we reached Mousehole, I
desired to be introduced as a person who had laid a wager that there was no one who could
converse in Cornish; upon which Dolly Pentraerh spoke in an angry tone of voice for two or three
minutes, and in a language which sounded very like Welsh, The hut in which she lived was in a
very narrow lane, opposite to two rather better cottages, at the doors Of which two Other
women stood, who were advanced in years, and
observed, were laughing at what Dolly Pentraeth said to me. Upon this
I asked them whether she had not been
abusing me; to which they answered, Very heartily, and because I had Sur posed she could notspeak Cornish.' I then
said, that they mast able to talk the language; to which they answered, that they could not
speak it readily, but that they undersood it, only fen or twelve years younger than Dolly
Pentraeth. i continued nine or ten days in Cornwall after this i but found that my friends, whom I
had left to the continued as incredulous almost as they were before, al»ut these last remains
Of the Cornish language, because
reasons) Dr. Borlase had in his Natural History of the County, that it
had entirely ceased to be spoken* It
was also urged, that as he lived within four or five miles Of the Old woman at Mousehole, he consequently must
have heard of so singular a thing as her continuing to use the vernacular tongue. I had
scarcely Said or thought any thing more about this till last summer having mentioned it to some
Cornish Fople, I found that they could not Credit that any person had existed within these five
years who could speak their native there—
Ere, though I imagined there was but a small chance of Dolly
Pentraeth's continuing to live, yet I
vrote to the President, then in Devonshire, to desire that he Would make some
enquiry with regard to her; and be Vas
So obliging as to Focure me •information from a gentleman Whose house Vas within three miles of Mousehole,
a considerable part Of letter I shall *in.
Dolly Pentraeth is short Of stature, and bends very much with Old age,
being in eighty— seventh year, so
lusty, however, as to walk hither, (viz. to Castle-Horneck) above three
miles,in bad weather, in the morning,
and back again. She is somewhat deaf, but her intellects Seem• ingly
Thi' in Dr. the • we may it 10
the grave u is Dev a Who lived within
four mil.esof him. irre made of her, •scorn
bcr h" Cornish Nor it fact in (when Dr publ"hed his
Bistory) ha altogether as to is
im@ble who on hoard ship •n t 7-16
several Others. It must that ten Dr.
•old women, to Doll ?cntneth, that •be
frequcody grumbkd go prkc ms |
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18 LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, AND not impaired ; has a memory so good, that
she remembers perfectly that about four
or five years ago, at Mousehole, (where she lives) slie was sent for
to a gentleman, who, being a stranger,
had a curimity to hear the Cornish language, which she was famed for
retaining and speaking fluently; and
that the inn-keeper, where the gentleman came from, attended him.' ms gentleman vas myself; however, I did not
presume to send for but waited upon her.
She does, indeed, at this time talk Cornish as readily as others do
English, being bred up from a Child to
know no Other language ; nor could she (if We may believe her) talk a word Of
English before she was past twenty
years of age i as her father being a fisherman, she was Sent with fish to Penzance at twelve years Old, and
sold them in the Cornish language, which the
bitants in general even the gentry) did then well understand. She is
positive, however, that there is
neither in Mousehole, nor in any other part of the county, any person who
knows any thing Of it, Or at least can
converse in it. She is poor, and maintained partly by the parish, and prtly by fortune-telling, and gabbling of
Cornish.' I have thus thought it right to lay before the Society• this account Of the last
sparks of the Cornish tongue, and cannot but think, that a linguist (who understands Welsh) might
still pick up a more complete vocabulary of the Cornish than any •e are as yet possessed Of,
especially as the two neighbours of this Old woman, whom I have had occasion to mention, are not now
above seventy-seven seventy-eight years of age, and •ere very healthy when I saw them; So that
the whole does not depend upon the life of this Cornish Sybil, as is willing to insinuate.
If it is said, that I have stated that these neighbours could not speak the language, this should
be understood, that they cannot Converse so readily in it she because I have mentioned that they comprehended
her abuse upon me, which implies
certain knowledge Of the Cornish tongue. Thus the most learned men of
this country cannot speak Latin
fluently, for want Of practice; yet it would very easy to form a Latin
vocabulary them. It is also much to be
wished, that such a linguist would go into the Isle Of Man, and • to the Society in what state that
expiring language may be at present. As forthe Welsh, do not see the least probability of its
being lost in the more mountainousparts; for as there are no valuable mines in several of the parishes
thus situated, I do not conceive, that it is possible to in— troduce the use Of English. The present
inhabitants, therefore, and their descendants will' continue to speak their native language in
those districts ; for the Welsh cannot settle in England, because they cannot speak the tongue; nor
Will English servants for husbandry live With the Welsh, because they would not understand
their masters. I am, dear Sir, Your
most faithful humble Servant, DAINES
BARRINGTON." In addition to this
report, tending to prove that the Cornish language was not entirely lost
in Cornwall, Mr. Barrington produced
to the Society a letter, dated Mousehole, July 3d, 1776, • Ecty Of co |
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LITERARY
CHARACTERS, OF CORNWALL 19 written by one William Bodener, a
Gshertnan, t»th in English and Cornish. nis fisherman tells us, that his age was threescore and five :
that he had been at Sea with his hther and five other men in the boat ; and had not heard a *Or-d
Of Cornish spoken for a week together ; that he never saw a Cornish book; that there were
not more than four or five persons in the town who could then talk Cornish." In 1777, Mr.
Barrington inbrmed the Society, that John Nancarrow, Of Market-Jew, who was not more than forty
years Of age, had learned the Cornish language from the country people, during his youth,
and could then converse in it, as could an inhabitant Of Truro. • This inhabitant Of Truro, have
reason to think, was a Mr. Tomson, who Wrote a Cornish epitaph on Dolly Pentraeth, in
1778, It in the January Of this year, that poor Dolly dic•d at Mousehole, One hundred aged and In
1797, a fisherman Of Mousehole
informed me, that William Bodenoer, of Mousehole, already mentioned,
was the last person of ghat place who
could converse fluently in Cornish; that this man, some years younger than Dolly, used to talk with
her for hours together in Cornish; that
their conversation vas understood by scarcely any one of the place;
that both Dolly and • VOI, v. maiden name
la Lync for 1785," addrc%ng k:mselfil passes, by an cay
transi- engr»ved by R. subject
ODE XXI. exalted Pete! 'be i. for to Dd/y Barrington, and bis and, great big reader' dark. O THOU
Defy the '"dc" time,
thr is with conjecture Did gwc
Lbce or Mcnnygiz" town of Where boatl, and men, "inks, and Where pilchards in to be caught Pilchard ' a thousand the idol Of a pop-ah of
wul-saving fish, Catholic. in
l.•nt are Would eat, coa.*qucntly ! yield fragrant 0", And make London smile ; Beam oa of the And show each g" rule their
cheek's And him whether tbry bive eyes
aod Hail Old Pentrrth,• The who Cornish—so Who bat-like and Witb Will o' Wisp, brighten up h" Who a milcs unwary For bones. btass and To prove that folks of old, like tn.de Wi'h buds. cya, hand', md Co drive a • A Very woman Of falseb however) have the
Who Comisb The hen-Odrable Antiquarian,
Journeyed. •o the Land's—end, to this
wrinkled, delicious He entered Menscholz• kind Of triumph. into ber with fire lover, tn the of couple after With to venturi his The Va• to Wcrc old Lads"' Ordcted be '*ken by and the
Member thanked D s C o v E Y so pc |
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LANGUAGE,
LITERATURE, AND binuelf could talk in
English and that Bodener died about the year 1794, at a very advanced a" leaving two sons, who knew not
enough of the Cornish to converse in it. Here, we might imagine, that we had pursued the Cornish
language almost to its last retreat, and there seen it exhausted and languishing, in die moment
almost of expiration. And such, probably, would have been the cae, had been sole place Of
refuge. But Pryce, in his to his
Cornish Grammar and Vocabulary, expressly told us, in 1790, that the vulgar
Cornish was then spoken at the
extremities of the county. Yet I do not believe, that there now exist
two who can converse, for any
continuance, in the whether ancient or modern." Whilst
• Old ever seen." •r true
: and 'he correction of the MS. was impracticable. But preface in qIBtiOO, much amusing matter. cvo it may ap•Far unnecessary to the
Icatncd, at this period. to attcms% an investigation of high the language, of the Cornish is a very purc
dialect. subject hatb dlready
successfully tvc_atcd by many diligent *lid able Writers. imire
satisiation of who deliÅht in of this kind.
it that a into the Of been so
prticulariy attended it deserves. And as of an language is the first and
kadmg nep to the cxamåution Of Othe: a
country, it follows of that tongue ought to stud•ed and previously our the and records Of
remote ages. On this I am in. cliocd a
work this tendency Will very both to the "'d the Philolcxist ; 's Very
mo.t pure and the original Of an SlÄ•ech now in Armoric», or northern
provinces Of Fl•nce. Great Britain,
and The Chaldean, Syr•ac, Celtic, Gaulish, Welsh. and •re derivd from original Hebrew tongue ;
•od their descent one from the in irom the East West, have themselves "NO many
di*ercnt dialects from same root. Hebrcw and Chasdee.rc neat thesame; Syriac is to the latter. The
former fron the Of ibe world to
COnverse•d in : S" 'oar's time. the the Synac language, Christ
and his A and art' : and •cc'0'di from
the character. the Greeks • ar to have theu letters, the Lain' from tbcngGrcees, so our ancient er-,d truc
to bc mostly from the Greek Old Latin
tongues. as it vutticipates much of their ea&nceand softness, With less
Of the to the Hebrew and Ch•ldre. This
IS the more easily accounted for, as tbc Phcnicuns. about the time of toc T
roan hrst dis. coveted the islands
western shoresof Cornwall ; With natives Which they for tin. it the Greeks. The l•nguagc M that time ssxjkenin
other parts of this traveued vast continel*, wucom• Fnded and therefore we may info. that the
purity Of the ancient Cornish is chiefly be
•scribed to introduction from the shores Of Greece and Sidon. It is
*firmed writers, that the inland parts Of our
islandsere planted from the cmtinent, about eight hundred years after
and f•om the Gauls: Very possible rhat
the south-western Of the "land Was
from the &lgic G.ulish
Countries, On •vCount Of their propinqui'y to opposuc coasts and
inlet' N cvenhelcg, our Cornwall must have that putity. for Which
is celebrated, from immediate introduction by the Phenician navigators; •he and Orthography great and
Lnaguaee is divested Of that •ough
guttural pronunciation. Which o retained to thvs by the Cambro• limns.
In the Cornish the re the allied in
character, and sound, of any Of the dialects. The Welsh. Irish. and differ from greatly; the two latter from
and much. Indece the Welsh clesc:y to
and W, if it deprived Of •bese numerous combinations Of consonants. With
Which it to Frplcxed and entanglrd. We
may easily account for the sirrularity Extwccn the Cormsh and oe, Normandv,and paca•dy, ate opposite to
'be x Cornwall, Dcl'on, that the first com-
mercial those in sailing up •he ChanrKl, Opportunities communicating
their Grecian and Roman dialects oi is
by colioqutal rc*tnblancc to dav sub
the south•wcswrn mark'n of the eo.nty, and Ibar at Other ear'S Bag low Ficnch and the Cornish almost Orr
and the samc dialect. I had not wen
this fact, yet my osnuiun would have been by What I have heard from a
LOW living at ou•holc, Pcnz.uxe. Who,
is. at thu only of bolding hatf in hour's oa
CES in be he ordered on shore,
With au«hcr young '0 buy as, |
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CHARACTERS,
or consWAL1— 21 Whilst the Original tongue of Cornwall Was
gradually losing ground, it appears tbat the language of England was ill danger from the
Continent. And, in the reign of Ed«ard the Third, the Frenéh was so universally adopted, that, in
1362, the Parliament at Westminster, perceiving the necessity of legal interposition, resolved
and ordered, that lawyers should plead causes in English,
be thought. he to firer, that he • great Of of 'he '"cet ; further inquiry, he
fouod he •Il h" in b,• better hc
when hr: •.r.rd that dialect. am bc is quite
man, hue neither "•wputGon nor the ingenuity to invent a story
useless to bansc:i. so Ih- hith
spoken, it 's become I h•v, between
and Cornish in some "Ch as the Creed,
Places, more useful for critical inwrct;on: and in the have extracted MSS. which eollected,
ancient in them. Conush and by 001 and
illiterate T bc old Bntish bring
"IT.-rv•dcd of the in in the bcåy
•nd island, whence it driven to the tx•rders extremities, such u •nd. and it reverence foo:ing •mong the re
've inh•b'tant', dreg of diff' ring
the held Wales 'hewn the preservation of it
the of knowing how to make themselves in the To such a the inhabitants. that they hold
Other in : mix: *I'd shunning in the
man- Of 0th" by Of trade the Cornish equ•lly' With them,
xe nnt 'h: of our the m.ny vhxh it
h" ammg us ; bur an of Of 'o
their so inattentive were they. that many years Of they to MSS. the MS. now Old. Which rime co K*her MS. •pints,
fifteenth century. Of ther ate all in
the Library; Ordirule, Of the by
Wiii'am of anno The 5b and la" 's a
anti out Lord and Thi MS. Written vellum, given by• Mr. to Mr. Lhuyd ; bat when by
What author Vrittcn is wholly uncerta•oi
by b.• 10 the Century. my n•rn
(Which i' 'he best of the whole in the from •he Rcv, Dr.
he ha had a deure for the recovery Of primn.ve tongue; and that Vas at 1 erånrtn his duty to h"
king and couMry. tn the udgt•'w h h in
Cornwall, Concen•mg the arxtent th.•
dccay t'cn Chief aftcr•nrds Lord KccB•r, con•
'hen enquiring whe!hcr Vete •ny thing it now . told hi' co" ray keeping; viz. Of Christ in
iero•c more. of This spoken by •ach
"ranger to Our country, 'hereupn
it to in a mc •rto mote thoughts it than Accord* •t vs could. hcip of frt book', and men
and but by reasey•oi me, in the by
syncope' other t to hß I thr which
rise extant, by a How it is be in part
guessed but by Wrutng. it the Of the here, rot unh's: hut be in the of •i" comtrußl MS. recovcryöf the speech, that ot would be be in me, at eighty-four. in Tully the
Grcck yea'S. For me. it me 'i d" for in
the • By this it that the |
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22 LANGUAGE, LITERATVBE, English, and that schoolmasters should
teach their scholars to construe legons in English. Anglosa*on, then, Vas giving Way to the
French : and the Cornish vas receding before the tupted Anglosaxon. But this language of the
Eastern Islanders, though forced upon us in come mon discourse, and at length indeed asa
written language, wa' not allowed to supersede the Sunn.try be beiag•.b.o a gofess•div busmess, M'. Mr. several
gc/illemen, were by a" the from
a in 'heir language. 'hey exceedingly
zealous in Ibe and in their endeavours
10 • Lbuvd t commencement OE
the present century, that M'. Lbuyd grat
towards the cod of Cornish p. 1.—
over the of hie Grammar, be the in e.
there in volume of Glossoxv•phy. mast defer It •benext. Mr. the intt•tu.on. must have the 10 this
puruit that it Or evet wiil Inert on
account learning and Singular to tbe recovery Of primitive In 'he and u•pplicd wuh every c.scntial
article of the this dialect wu•ld have
effected, but it have been adorned With
and from uoce.mng Uf consummate after the of Mr. Lhuyd, MS. Ct•ons •etc Of S" Who died
His bcir minor Of tend.' and the unmu.dluloisuh
obvious' •ud immediately with the bet.efit
and fu•urc publiÆ shouid •bout
the wear of this Century, Ebe publick expectation turned towatds Mr. Hats, Of
Fenton who professed a for o/ his
country. and uncommon veinsto heap trygcthcr words Which he entittcd ev ; Which I discovered, years since by
notices found among Mr. Tonkin'. or
'be Inter in tbc Tremayne. Mr.
Frem•yne.oa my lication. found 'he MS.
Latin, tent it Mt. Nab's
I.badymer strange British wc•ds.
confu«dly in •u. ha 'Oarmer only to Shev 's Of method. •ISO to his feat deEOency in h he lugged in-ao and
etymology; it Common im write regnum
Cc. all his knowledge d languages With
which lie d by his first the widow of Onc Code, of S. Wena- intelligence and my r.'rpose pruf•nce in native tongue, as as could. by
collecting all the mott.x•s. "d idioms. on 10 in
of in volumes, quarto. a or and
with mar.' and weald. he he had complc•trd Hr ir•dcrd. a MS, bcuks, but woe thrown without of Had
this gentleman been as h•ppy and he
was by ecnius, his would have hr to
the Of Tonkin assisted in his ut&'taking by the knoyk•dge and icdustry of Williorn Who was
in ascertaining word' for his u.e
arrangement. Mt, Martin Kri and Mr. Joho bch Inhabitan:sof tbc
val.•ge Nousehole, and who had broken
milk, to up that m'Kht and generally
in those Other gentlemen. T result Of
this was an not, howevei, in the Of the found in Cotton Library. wi'ich is V'ittcn througboua in
continued lines. Wilhout any rovrrt to order
and verbal the death 01 Mt. Tot•kin, must have lain time subject the capote Of descendents. Who Werr women, and
liable to much mutilation. till it taken
the Of in it met With a It
taken thence, my trust, bv of the Lite *John
M'. who. with reiterated of to see it
publication; to which end pledged my diligence and applicatton,
whatever could from MSS.
Erloromrntioned. togr'her Wits dctwbrd from Mrs. Veal, the Of Mr. Mrs.
widow of the Rev. Henry of e and from uf Mr. John Bosons. Newly.. I icd to Miss reptesem•live OK her
grandfather, Tonkin, Esq. for of MSS. to
Which extracted all could bod valuable in that of indigested The Found-work of "y undertaking beipg
also coufcss my implicit sub'Gcn te thc Volks
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LITERARY
crruac•rens, op CORNWALL. 23 Cornish names Of persons, much less of
places. It is Curious to observe the conest between the Cornish and the Saxon, in the vicinities Of
our On the many names of places are
half Saxon and half Cornish. With respect to the English, as spoken in
Cornwall, Carew informs us, thit in
his time it good and pure." • Bishop Gibson, in regard to the Cornish people, says, Their language is the
English i and (which is something surprising)
observed by to be more ptre and refined than that Of their neighboun
Of Devon and Somerset. The most
probable reason whereof seems to be this, that English is to them au duced, not ah Original language; and those
who it in were the gentry arui merchants,
who imitated the dialect Of the court, which is the most nice and
accurate."+ Tonkin vas de-
Cidedly Of opinion, that the purest English spoken in Truro, and Of
the midland At present, I think, if
include the higher and lower orders, the inhabitants Of Meneg have in purity and grantnatical p•opriety of
language the advantage over all the of Cornwall.t To discriminate between the English Of the
superior orders and the lower classes ; for the better sort, even they (says Tonkin) sing their
The vulgar Of in general, have man Of Mr. of •be Lare Dr. William in the Of
.nd being del.wred my vn.bl"hed.
at the etui h" Antiquities Cornwall, •n epauyni«d has a few to my larger It is with siouular
satisfactium that I my oblige th: R,
v. Mr. Whitaker, Of for communications, the lansuage•, of Our ancient the grateful •pplaur hi'
My knowledge have rendered the
Vocabulary IR'fÄt; Emt the sooty to consult. rendered hOF for. information have been able there are
no mher MSS. tn be met I have already
A' for the (%mish confined to Of the
'hose who preterxi it, are even 'be itse
so Con ; the the my some 'o for
my industry. in collecting the Words which I h•ve Oral oi or derivation of those which they ; for
they often join. two making but one
an; though Which in breath. as if it
*Ord: tha 'c anciently written, Maur
Dea a Of • Carew to Cornish. the add 'Wblubed c od Of hi. Remains) his •4 Of the
doe' prrxeed from the cause."
Camden, fol. The few
provincialities : and ther feV rather obsolete English for Sh..ks and Shakom•ar. rhat the Meneg to only from the common as being
enriclkdwith elegant I *he-re in have
com '*Opte Of of remark.'btyßne. They
look down with og the others on
Sid* In people (Of the first almost by
than the very |
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LANGUAGE,
LITERATvng, AND provincialities,
common with the Devonian vulgar.• But they have numerous words unknown to the Dgvonians. And they dihér
greatly from each other in their words and phrases; a circumstance which arises from local
sizuation, or diversities Of employment. Not to descend to minute distinctions, shall mention
only the farmer and the miner as marked by
dialects peculiar to themselves. Whilst farmers, day—labourers, and
husbandmen, have their own modes Of
conversing, tbe miners use a great variety cf expressions, which are
col.fined to the mining districts of
the county. Among the mining Breage, i think, is the most remark— able : it is singular for its broad-mouthed
dialect, or rather utterance : for the same words which I have heard in St. Agnes and Piran-zabulo,
have a Vcry diTerent in Breage, to a full
and hoarse enunciation, and a son of gugural harshness. •l • In the tract Topsbåm and •rd, I the from
to the Of DOt• 'bc•,• the Of in terse
as the though with their Oi is The •n thew and pronunciation those of North Of They havc m 'hew should intraucc Provir•xiÆ C iou•rv, or
VoobulÄ'y; but my collection Of iong Granote.
however. dy• pnm two that long circu-
in MS. the oi Comw"l. I have Other of the but I' tike mot vcs?' short iellowing, sprit and humour,
and charXrri'ttc TWO OLD JOB
uncle For • JAS TRUbLE.
tha th••' gnat prick or What
wcmmt•n be and drulir.K, a The be
got tiv•} W ha: there'. •em cheer. And •,tuSt Job my have too of 'o Verdure Besides, cf they 'hud, think 'e'd let ? thof I Stand hete Chy 'hee and ale reckon"' ; la•mc •o my and blind •po" eye, go;$ing fur gages, ltkean owl an r ain like a mort•lcansacy : the-e for sarttin, a.s how, and so be, When Wor txariey, dest we of to to their ; I mind the rial—xt.man 'es Noa. out hard cud, to cc for
And When the soadgers the; ' to
'am wclh Sod Wc cobb'd and we madc am at a snapping the And drat 10b ! to That stcev'd duce ded 10 so',
the here tax, cf be, the For to us out Out and Oe Cat up in for meal thc Crcows, I've bcncvcr gncc 'he I've enow if we chance to fate For 'o murder rive Franch and Spatj•r
10 But ct moat likely to unto Than to likc Bal—mgs Jon
Well ' maey thickn Of But
mucdish condudle Of ! as thick"
thetr es Keatn be tour *WRY. hand' great 7 rd ma'bes Of men, But 'Aorst"t Of a man from
Famutb) Th. to Plemuth; Chrcsriansand to live upon and ; A: 'd t hickey, t hitch map Every Ye•p
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LITERARY
CRARACTERS, OF CORNWALL. 25 Thor I •te rich like in Yet I've cobshans, cheeld ! steev'd farm. And fast •went do iutm. So. for coubnngc (as I touid tha down nuyt•,• and S•.uanh, ef h. incha'det, Laze Lhey do tor cuya, for But el 'be place where I've my a bc and
JAN Why cm ef soo be Slunks with
A DtALOGVE Gen c z v. Fath and trath then in ten not 10
MALLY. un Gracey long GRACEY.
fussing br•in.— drunk as from vcu, A a tottenn-g, a and swearing, so hard a. the a carving and tearing. Never mind c t g n t en to t the away head. go an to fang •he king's crown; •Thec never in "l thyborn doys,
"'h and •hoar, Drdst sachey
; a all to 'he A Of scale innk on ; And a catch'd upa for to stave
Outr•sht. But I ready to f•tnty for
fright. For I'm afford to go mgh ee•n. ef bee my an Grace!
Gnace. rm life to go nigh the
cult vell.n; plea* bleve should never no be go anti •bus'd : My here like have •nee
And grt that take But let alc
the • big up the cloue Tumble down my
and br"i "ke gram—tin a
Ere, I'm rud the smith makesthr
oi Ef I wcar•t shut dcd afoar
soup-meagar Shan slavify me a A Od make me atc quilkitrs and And v«tship the Deva and wear Oadcn ! by the my
rather toarn'd toa ! Doan.
stand th•' Krc•t Luttcwxxh the thumb.
get a mayo psSROse •for • muggctty we i clunk a Croom ate. Wish a M n Lt_y.
r 'Outd afore that the job was •done.
That come to revrnt ate so surc as a
But halk to me. fo• doubting
Ikase thec diåst much better than l.
But I know'd the-e had' Ar.d
tou'd a mashes Of Itories But answered
toyicsb, and skriak•d uptbanoze.
"was ret Iyo I suHxuc.
dice agon the ighth of •d No
mabycrs cycs So butter iteen
ould; were picking about in meat. t hove down among men to eat. Whcn Who bur man come • totteril* along, so diuck that ibuft he wud fale in the
dung: A left bes hob-ban bag jest by
the door, So cui' d the 'ran one to be
Wre• •Martin! dust hire. checld? " forwh't me, forth nar WOuE, the W,th Stef agrct nu»e Of fosse. Jan jay ;
d the man with kcbbal.
GRACEV. When cyderis rup•d •Way
every dap, And m.rnage must go the Yet if un Many. know•d coose •an but we-kg I'd nevcr ha had the ould vcllan, I
know. But a and a sward tb•tcf
I'd days my bfe; • At paterommpotcn' me fulminead umbra',
Palentesumbras Erebi, n«tcxnque Bofundam,
was languvof Our learned cuvntrym•n, Mr. April, If Era acc Moyle's works. in (hi,' war, wc le. in to the Grand Jury •t into and
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•LANG
C AGE , brOft In ma conscience LhOft l, I live like
a to plagy ads To be !
LITERATURE, Why a half t Like by time every dolt. B.' camc ould dval afore es long— recollect a lit*' Of Diai%ue between two
your* We hardly stood in A mao in. sptcketie jrket Vas there; •n that had a ; how that mistook like to have snapp'd imcnof the Devcmian (G.lect on the of 'halt
exhibit The Cmrt- •hip." S6fC
several editions Vere by Brice: •nd, to the seventh, by Thorn, added, hand. a Vcrabulary ; the whole Oi which
collectim Of words have interwoven in my Proviucial In *old.ng, many voids .re than Devm ; are out
Of in the Of tbe are in the AN EXMOOR SCOLDING. voc Why vorded%t roay zo ma dedent thenk
be a cha Tongge.—What a ! bctvatlcd,
tha a O-r u gurt. thona• bangir%, muxy
upon up Dara" to hjng•d to tha to
wart zeck "ter Me-at merg. by on know,
guttering ; as 'ha whan tha cam'" to Tackli02.—But zed and 'boor tba bet zee nif JOY and a be O •r tby old Disy•ca«, Chun. ma. Tenma •
tha to true Tell ma. me-an that tha
me-an Borosi.ve rrr the He;rtkun, the thi in thr Niddick. war :
tha O-anst ha' vore What than, ya gun c•cr tha tha a the tha, by that. Dist hire ma ? Tha call'st ma
uertling Roil scertlcc up-a the
told the Whole Furnp 0' Wilmot. O the Voy Vengeance tear tha tell
o' in • Torn, nif to tha in Harr Icil Inc o glumprng: the to a vc.king,
bluing, tilti,sb Husky. ,
dugged-ye», art a querkipg, art, • I—Nif tha into the Wilmot. Net zo chockliog. ner it zo
creVnung, 10 stroak the thee come 011
a and horty tha art a va gerred-tealed,
MO art lick a skittish &ure jest a Th Theo., tha arc vote-tat Thmasin. Ay, ey I Kerr Moreaan «ould b. up,
nif • had at«efing. aloucriag. zo
George , mun, a had •idle dest enny
Theng vtrtee« Wey •nrng IS thee
art • The B.e.sba•ve (a no-where used
or ur&tstcxxl in Devonshire in of Ex..r'
i and Wbcn *'ith it, tn fired from it
graigK between •Dd patient he
on back bank Of a rivet or brwk i and
mast have OVcr him, viz. right ; water by
strught fot
Bore-shave." They ge not to Sgt
that thit ridicuhs Eldorn Gils to give them cure. |
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LITERARY
CHA8ACTERS, or CORNWALL. 27 the Crime tha up to tha 'ha the Old Bill" Under Bcd-blooket, And mote a
raving, haE•wging Moil. O'. c Tra Tell e Rag" Bed-blanket , ad
! the o' Chell plim (ha, Mon cnny 'o
ChallacomS the: tell . whan G lay over the we" Ad' Thy buuon• wc "V •vote 'ha anu
and syri b" i.'p•', ya
nlcdemuody. Me in the D:st hire Come rhce lace ? WOue Wold and tby m.ke my lilmec? Ail if e'er
thaxuueakest Word more blonket. mm
tht, crown tha. _ . jee, than, o'
drub than, me o' my 'be Rex-bush. ?
And more •an zo, that the young
she•a'd be's Ad! a o'.hcp'oang tin,
make thy Kepp Lee: upon Lace 1 me-an
by t". ha-ah? Teli mure o' Lace, make
op Vest, G" me Zwop tha a
or Zlat in up thy dusgcd O' tha. Thee untidy had in Oif a Strut thc Match. ye rea'ins•, s.app•ng, tedious, cutted
olways a Vusttedup in an Jump, or •
Whittle, or an Seg"'d. avorc zilch •bout •.—Thao tha wut Kec It a 'h'arg shoort thv Tom. o' else tha thy by in 'he Vunv-park (Gander by Cocker",
or avore, v.rndy. Tell Wme Word o'
Neale Babe. che•i' skull Iha a a wore Ya
gurt Fustiluzr! Old Mag Huckmuck Zettb.aboutort,Vby. a a and
! long•haoged Y' blow.m.wndxrr Baarge' Thec coal•var'y a•bedavorc
voordays. Thiart so as a in chongy Of
whan 'tes the Thengou: or or biunketh,
or or Weatber,or than thu 'rt 'heck•h.tcd. and ba And thre •n a •n "one o' and in 'hy
Reart Ec. Rex-bush tell me o•aha
Rex-bush, yc Rigging Rumping. •got ked
Eena, w" thy N a'c wan • W or
reazn.ble•, bold ya gurt S. First AN EXMOOR
Chen ha tether Vinny thx—Tia Gd%t ma nov•ree't, Or a whilere. or
Rigging and ten don, Buckingham
Jenkins —Ay, •y. Andra rigmutton Rum in
nif tad net 'trat. wud ha' had a braking, pi ping Body ' n ; 01 *one
&amor nether. And more •n there's
no Dtrcct to hot 'cO'". fcbb hcamly. tha Wut Ch'd a a my laughing. Wh.n's •red thy Hazen muvyu zo 'h Gammercls to Vc•y
Huckshecos 0' tha, Gore 011 OJI
'horry, and thy Brio and Q. this TO a on the Word and the tcll•ng • in true
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LANGUAGE,
LYBRATVRE, that plod, When ha hod zitch a crevdhn lungin
cart "Patting upon t tha, Why tha
Wut twitch up t hy and tow up thy N oaze, ..nd or take H p Nif Z.CY Then our. Zennet How, Hussey Dut remember in tha nif ha dedcntqowt dour', 7.0 ha blow'd,attd
down thavalst. Who shud be hard by
"yas in tha Dimmei) bet Oh the s
told theare St rammer Why. 'twas the
own up to o' O ! a Plague c tha I d
_•st t thenk ee s tell•t to tha, to et a agea
can S th•n cud Wilmot. Whit a
and to tha, earwttha vore to rue. How
many times have a hoard thi, and a aced 'ha, to make and Lecken, and pd to know vor why vote. Wilmot. Oh a Plague rat mulligrub Gorgin!
•hug Mea•cl A guttering Whan tha thce
andscru•npce; tb• net Lathing, chefl
warndy • and nif Ct be Loblolly, tha Wut up.
now a HOW dedit tire and young
gey•d up tha Necrt a nnsting o' Taties? Fitch tha me'—VVhy, than
prilled, a Zentrc oerrcert• more an
10. tbee Wutrowcast, nif it tbyown Vaulher. Nif tha beest 10 WI tha or Ort, to tile V oaken, Whare they shoo!iug
o' or nif corn•st athcr• Roger Wut
lackee an overwhile •vore tha ma' be hum •vote thc Desk o' tha
Yeavli"", ya 1 011 for to
hirc to vin.dra to tha me'king 0' tha Kcr. 'n 'ha v Otty Wut come dugged, and ON max, thy 011 Tha be
berry, in "l heng.—Tba cortSt
that rutted now•reert. Or bet leerie rather, o'cr (Chen o•tZ0 ha comaah hum Angle-bowiM, dont
dcdtiu Yoedo, whan tha had•st-a en by
tha Iv•cnd vurSt ha a ari net a into as uzcth to do} but thÆ ha and and and and Hoister,
twined. rattled, and reared, Vig than ha' etmy more en, th.-tok'tcn, and dot wcthcrly And nif tin dedst pick upon me, and tell
Vaulhero•. tell a zweet Rabble-rote Vor
When be .&nattha Ycaveltng•sChuets. tha Wut ont the Yewmors, over
mun. and zo, tha roily eart and ear.
another, zet to bate itck a gurt •ex
tha art • and than Getfer Radger
Sbemvell hr muu qualify•t •gen. When art agog, 'ha ; chem zo •VOR very Daps 0' thy Old
Syb5' upazc t. Wilmot. Why. chant thee. a I-ly to enny
Kessen Than bannee, and aud
rourv"have enny that dcth bet A" to Th. buy 1b. Cot up to Town
rather than thv Live, but tha ; and
kiss tha Of to ; but th. T%manm How !
y.gurt mulligtub Gurgin? Wilmot. And
tbec art a long hanged Vot me 0' and
Tbomayim And thec att a eonftnnded Trash telling mc of an 0' pounding
Savin, nuking vi't. Thu art a Beagle,
Chun. pritrh lbs ! my zo chave ct tha
and than chrli. MN HI-go•$8it! A ard
hcgart ? Tha wat hen, and podgers.
slat tha Crock, slat tha Keeve and tha Jibh. Cloam. a a e•rry earthly
Thi in tha Hoot. Abslcuily tha art
byg•gcd. tha agar vortha. Her moon ha' VCtet, nif bad" up and down zo Ort. -Why t hem low hot &dst thee jot
noV•tCCft ? along thy ha cn to
Shivers. nif co, and pung'd Wut 'od
tha wut• hot an brooking Manvel. vote
nort bet cha art a that Karce yeppy.
Pcth3, dest ry or Vitre w" cnnv
and wi'enny Trolubber that comath athen Axi det 'tis bet whilst by Cait
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LITERARY
CHARACTERS, or CORNWALL. 29 RRkee a if to mea ; men, but ehan tha "t Or o' thy Yes', tha art a
abcd. y. Kurt ! hasn't tha Sense to
stile Own Dressing. Vor why, wel et ether lick thi Do-ort. of a or vothcrway tvcl c•loog or 011 puckcnng. twos and who' while'cr.
Ad! wur be miekled and steeved tha
Cold Vore Tide, Chun. n" tha dessert: buy a Tbamarin. Why, gurt B.ggage thcc art vor
Tha net the Cantlcbone thy tether Ecnd
Wi' Chuenng, tha wet net 10 vreghe, ya sauntering Troant IV Heigo sauntering Troant Vor Why VOre den
cell wone, Rex-bush, tha and And •shy
dest tbee vote zitch to me pey tha Scote voC a had zo Ott in lh Tccning Rumple, WYilm0t, Nif young a had tha.•he in a Time.
Ha wed be' condidled. —Ycet a•Vorc
Oil. avorc Voak. tm wut lustrec. and lowzee, and chcwrcc. and buck)".
and tear, makc Wisc. as anybogy : but
in enny Thcng. -Why, thatr's OdS• Wooe
boastering, mustap —•Bgt wul
colt", bop", and Zoul: Oil vor and
and and h.'lze•mng, ot a Tale.
Ad tri' mc o' hob'.E"Å and chel •lee to tha K o' th'. [ pull'
Oh I—Mo-athct Murder . MO-ather bath ma Ching•.tey. Verl blc•ve es shcll ne'er vet ct.—And nips
don't vet et, looks in Twelvemonth and a
up a fatb Enter Julian
Morcm.n. Labbc•. Sozc, O'er, gi' —
Tamzen and be egging jawing or
sneering, chittetipgor drowiog o•Spaii', putting, or tha or gluömg, Raring snapping, vlotn S•tndl the SCOLDING. AN EXMOOR COURTSHIP a Suitoring Discourse, in Dialect and Mode,
the Forest Exmoor. a young
Farmer. Mar-geo his I saner to
Old Grammer Grammer N
House. Margery andreu. goeth et, Cozen M" . Hoh Corn Andra, dye h. kc H Ond•, be Margery. Kistirxg•s plenty enow; bcc chud
zomce& kiss ma Hood es a Man in Cbgllac.mb, in ; no
and Margery, ! tha vary hast a
ma and a ma Ncck. Well bel vor how
dolt try, Andra' ham • zed while.
march'tv•ble, e'er a T "k or 'Wo Wey Ether vagg'd Ct voc |
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30 LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, ASD Why you a
? —Of a Ground ha can zey no hon.
about von_• aweet "ow no
Mater. E. hire a a Whot, ha zo, that es bear de-dent i. art he, Gar! make a ret" agar, "Fart tl'"flj ! a woul mad
thoa.— a Recd Whisaer— and a ma a in Leer .—Ad tho• es rakad up.
and thenk yr. Cozen Andra, tor wonc's
Peart cham KO a vor bevore the
Cunsabrl; and than ye mc•y over, aud be to tu
vs, know.—E'i enet better to d:cnk V richds, and GO Vora Varrant! Ad! en Ict en go; hendet
en vor there" take that
vutst.—And if he ha' as uesson ct.
tht: good has zwect 0' Vaulhc' bevnre ha if a to go to es Vifiy Ocli•shc. And zo let cn
go, and WhiB• a o' mure to ze•y• vor
better in Hond a gur bad e/ and
paddies in ber Margery. Come. be
quite. es Zt•y, a grabbling o' Tcujes.—E• I-cuie a o'cr.
Loa, Luk ! How skittish We be You w•mnt 2.0 Kater —Xo, no, you werent wo skittish ner
squeamish must mully and souliy weary.
the tn for Amir, •u. you wont
deny el, yr. Voaken took Notezeo•et.
Why'. Andra, thes 'he Pump wey en to
was out Cloud cry'd Squeak, a uzcth to do, koow) a cort ma Neck, be bet wood ma, In o•m•, do What to
hcoder couda the m Shivers. and too, a
voul nave vos, .udhes Vidalcstick •nt0 the Bargain. Well, wcli, es angry mun.—A'Al zo and
Vnends. Andrew. Q'hy. , Witot mence
thaMategl TestK•s, Who"' t hale ?
who•va me-an by t hate. Andrew. Why,
know cs kep in Hold; vull starcd —But
to change a Live for three And than thetestha Lant up to Parroec•mb
Town esbe to es must h.' can trot •o
ancr and Zar and thaKce to Cballaam8
and cha Theugs 0' Houze. Cozen Andra.
a steady Can do 011 the'. • Margery. O
Varjuice ! Hndretv. PO. trest ao xo, than
they'll gey \yme, Hilt ell, bet, look,
desc tether Day and tune. —NO, o bant
zo ma nether.— z •e, Mawr'
; zo vurvorees tha wet ha' ma, pgrracamh Nobk
Margay. O vile! *bot chant Man in yeet in pan•aamb. mar", vor No, they 'hare be more a
th"n tha Cozen Andra; es Coud
amour chudent best Squate in 011 Bct
come ; prey, Cozen Andra. down a ht.
must "'up in and word or two wey up Of Old at•.d and
Andrew. Well, Kio than; bet make Haste. d•ye —-Mc•.r. time chcn
rcado•er thergv Ballctcbeve in ma PXket.
Andrew. no; t" no tes a godly.Ooe* Margery. ahoat, wry a and and the Houzcz,»,
Wh.tiec.mb, by eo in thr Boy and went
distracted, and taken up, and was hang•d vot•t. 'o hire e', and make ye cry lick PVC o•rn and and Iha and the Gallows. |
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CHARACTERS,
op CORNWALL 31 True O La Yes. yes to Look zee. tes here
in on who' •s Whones Marge y. Well, read g•up mer. SCEN Chamber. TbOmasin enter Margery. . Oh '—Odd come and t • t VOre th so n to
ma chon: marry tha btw in dest tha
hire ma, Tauz,•". den' YC he o' tha
to z.ey. tha •nuns' ether
Zindcy•L to vurdest. net •boo Two and Twonty '—a Vella, atwi vor
kcen• YO es vitty Vella: Es • GO. Countervcitl dc" zo agenst thy
Meend ; and ha Bit vore Quesson tell en
vudsent zo vur as mart take PIP o', arid meachoff, and come 00
ane.ust Margery. GO. ya ya gun ma. rd
chodcntmarry? Ee net Vor nether vor
dr. back.—N0, m ; voc 011 what's zed.
hoi* tha Banes in. next Zindev—And vath, nil'. do Over the Desk, twMt thir
ma, by Zindty.tcnnccrt. borit ma nif they don" go 'o
Ground-Rcx»m again Andrew
Margery. Well. Corn cham glad you're
Come Ballet e' that et Why. up white
es a cat a Cozen Cozen VOI aseseome
along; bezide. Weil, Cozen Mag.•ø•,
whet to 'ha was e'? Why, zuvr. Why put a little rather. Andrew. 10 tril pl '.e W" ha' ma. to zame e' geed "Orr. wudent mavry tbo
Ix•st Man in . Zwear tv •t 011 —And
20, Cozen Andra, a told ya kef Tam •n
h muXy Dr-awbvrcch; • Jade; tes ; bet
tin O'th• Country goth. Ook Shore, ap
Dial, euny ¯Whani bath. ; Y • MS Chell
era, cheli Cuttcn env Chen thong en, chclb
Vag c K p Zwopl—chcllgeceua a
Whcvrct, cheil big
LOCk. Vor why sore ye • So
country used to read t is here
Abbreviation Of |
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32 LANG VAGE, LITERATURE, Well, bet how twull, what I m Mag.-ry. Vo,.ken be avorc •t be to they
may [Going,] Margery. [Caning after Bet hearuy Bit, Cozen
ha ycgo angry netber. and deny 10 see
me ha Yet, •Come, Core. Andra. here's
t'ye. that Matter. ovc no to enny Vriends.
Margery. Y. vont bea bet 'hcarky, Cozen Andra. avoreye geop bet addick, along tha Park. much mfrs do Old Ont how do hare tare Margery. Rub along. d•ye Hunderd Pounds,
reckon tha GOO& aad to ; thort to
bate Thongs. Oh no, mun ; hart's
mearty Well to pas', and make'h t Account o' ZOOd now. Cham glad to Mcy be bare re ood Sender
than. under and Grammer Nelt$. To Andrew and Margery. Amlreu• Good Den, Good Den. Ont how dye try
HOW Roth et v" ye O/d Why, Cozen
vitty. Chad. Glam or two about mm—Chad a in ma in ma Niddick. Thaa chur a lamps'd in WOtE
Year-ms. Thocome to un. Vorewey
struck aud come to a B•mgun. no come
'0 an Ailcrnb•tch; VOrewey veil in upn ma bones. come to a Boneshave-— the Old Cozen Andra, do told that ye simmered tether zo hir.'d
o'et.—H.rets as zome Gig. tome
prenkinx. mcncing -nuengs Gamboyling, Romping, Steehopp•ng, and Giggletir*;
bet a tyrant Maidvor Work, tha
stewåiest and vittiest Wancb that comath on tha Storrs o' no Margery aside to her.] Thcnk ye Gr.rnmcr,
kccndly.—-And roi e. h. en should born ma
ne'er marry vor o" es know.
O/d NHI. Stap hether, Cozen a tarn Cheese* Pretended!)' ya •shy dedst tell zo, marry Th. wu•ten ha tha
lcck; comely 'prey Vtt•y Vella keendcst Theng. Come, tha Wut gee a Stub.—Thare's net a
spryer Vella i" Cbana«mb. Margo.
Bet, Crammer, yc nif so vot Zake, e. vorce let en a bit *bout m. r
or wothet. vod Exeunt.
SC ENE—nie Open Conntry.
Margery. Ad! es 'Il zee en up to going to Ont •ad only come thccz Wry. Aside.
Mage Cezcn lit. Wbare mun estee
ood word i r' ; Vor tha mg be be 'berl.
Margery. ya take tha Words tether Way. Es zed be and mo zee E' go cha Wcyvor Etc barelhat 0 011. Bet
chudcnt gou vurtomeet Mania |
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LITERARY
CRARACTERS, OF CORNWALL. 33 rr Parrac—b. oer teet in King Gt•rgt"
Kingdom, blesv%e' Worship Meet tb.Men
quiet cs a crecminga And more •n ycr Beard E' black Well, Whot•s ry. Cozen tha Zcndey, Margery. es ell min, Oh ! Chell trest tha vor thate. Es dont
tbenk much Stomach to yer as to vorbca
menny Cozen pd Neart. ye vell SCENE—Margery's Home. enter Margery. the Matter, and and zing'st •rt tha banteck ? to cape", and 011 them—Bet yet nif tha
*Ottem be now, Chell cha whistery—Ma
Banes g'in a Zendey, vath, to Andra.
Vella tell ma thadey. marl ha
dmtpGntcewhot•sinthaMcc o'cn. Chell to
pri Ay, , ay i zo do; vot a tha Words. Ded ort hip to to in my middle to Den o' ma Shoes, ya
menciog, shall tVO peter dialect. FROM CANTO
Not with glee, tenrimm Of his !
not the Man When MJjesr•,•, to rest
his royal W, Ask•dof the Church's
mitrrd son man Who proving, like his
Sovereign, bim to at i took hig wand"ing master in. Aud and Oil and skin; For which (on gratitude so to The gave a Tumbler-—wonh grmt ! O gloricns act ! an how seldom ken ! O what a day of for the Dean A gift so rate, noble. so sublime, stupify the of distant time, Thi'. let the f•mily record; This brittle treasure 'he hoard. Yet
TO bid favoudd guest Ldtmrc and
hornit of envetuiuing his him u Dan excused himself the Plougb%vare, Olled P rogtess, wc think,
will elucidate pan of our E pie, • ipt
Of one Ohn unacceptable to out • In King at to doust and z*cataL nutmeg The smoke;
• trumsrting, and ringing. • R
ed roari dnnvng, zo all Close by King's trauo ; Nov Shoving in tbe his head, • Meaning it might *Cd, • lc George
NOV went the Aldermen and Zome
with cut and zome hair, • The royal
yoke to ; When Measter May 'r, my pok'd to the King a long |
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34 LANGUAGE, LITERATVRB, AND 3. The genius Of a people is often marked
by their apothegms, adages, Or epitaphs :
and, in passing from the history Of their language to the character Of
their literature, their Oral sentences,
Or inscriptions, may be deemed intermediate Steps. The Of the Westi are numerous. • From these, shall
select a few. The following are Old sayings
in the Cornish tongue: the former of some importance in the history of
our commodities ; the latter, in that
of our saints : Steati san Agnes
anguella stean en Kernov." St. Agnes tin is the best tin in
Cornwall." Ger-mow Mahtearn;
Breage Lavethas." Germowas king; Breage but a midwife.' • The shape Of the towne Of Truro, (says
Carev) and etymon Of its may learned
out Of this Cornish prophetical rhime.— Tru-ru,
Triueth eu, Ombdino geueth try Now that rcnr,d his Worship , tbere •gen Then •or
it ctam•dy was A could not
lodge a coc nor They were za small,' •
a zed; And. vor they d gert
In number about or two, That
took up half a day. Vor Elf maid. Nov dawn did they In things, Wudn't be Cort: 10 treat Vor • Now trudg•d they to the No; Lwazu•t heese desue- Pref•rment, too, was to an Bashop tent mun word, could Lot drink The wood ntvet move vora TO lift un One higher. A got
yet yokes Z'y-s o' zed that.
voc he, man, •od hoa'dtb bis ; A not got pot or pan, "tink nor met. •g Not nor knivc. Ard then why vort the rail:— Thu' he weak, and ould. ar,d duld Weymouth Long And Eldom draJc • Well, to the in • And be the Ami deobl
And Gentry Who, .ax'd to The Mob, With bland", TO the
Got • beg my Lord • fine
water. From peter pin dar•s poem,
entitled The Plymoulå Bribery. Old
Andrew Hill the I •m MV the to
l.t•avc death. Hamiin, is, men
: I've had. my ••oe•hrad Tap. Th•,• going, rap. rap. rap. And
Tap." l, 'i' quoth what a
beast thee.rti a complete Lord' it;
TWO keep at the Nor thon was crime VOGT poexct. a if
cruel for to be Vor doing
ev"v And J to Tap, thort come upon , And a
Which |
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LITERARY
CHARACTERS, op CORNWALL. 35 Which is to say, "Truro consisteth of
three streetes, and it shall in time bee said, Here Truro stood." A like mischief Of a
mysterie they observe, that, in taking T from the towne, there resteth ru, ru which in English
soundeth "woe, woe."• • f-
b. t 12. to prophecy, Fuller three Streets;
will come when it be asted where T tuto stood.' • Oa this he observes.
that he the men of that are tui to
mind predicnon. any more another of the ptr..S•wng evil the ru,"
which in i. expressed the Cotnj•h name
thereof. But, he} let Truro but
pracuse the first syil•ble •n the name of troth. i.e. from ali danger arising from the The that recent A LAZY WEAVER, b v MR.GWAVAs. ladar gveader, Lav•rro
Ha do an Gra own• i uru. dah
You And to Nay m. a man
VERSES ON BOWLtsc-GREEN. CLUB, THE
Ny dc vethes war tyr rag
gun tabm dab, cVa badr,a. nag wunnen.
Ma 01 krev. en karenn vat. Dho
tyr, gunnes hic. We land, To rat a and drink a d. That not
Bur au in and 'be reugh eva re. rag
Ha hedn., may, lei Veda en genne• en
e bigel ; E towl Dho Proante•r ken
Chee din trévleb war Htthew gen
H*'n Dew vedn rye, well* 01 rag gen :
An gwiranath eW an gwella,
ADVICE TO THZ drink 'bat, more or A CORNISH RIDDLE, THE SAME' rue
A in month We cut in parvon of
moo s AME. man,
act And 'u•preme do, Wbat be i'
• Tbe tilled in March, rd in August. the Paton of Paul drank the Of it
in the month oveür, i: gave him a |
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LANGUAGE,
LITERATVRE, HD greater part of the
English proverbs, current in the West, are Of high antiquity. first repeat the more general provincial
sayings : An easterly wind
downright, Up in the morning, and down
at night." This requires 00
explanation. Cara, ouna Oana Nl•teyrn; gOZ contrevOKiOa. •rwo CORNISH Bletban Byrl•å bay•e, Blethan Luu a Lye, Ridgy' Bethan Hann • Drobba, Bleth•n Mol a Rccg dryhy uppa. Cabm.tbavas cn mcucn, glawccten. •tuorrli*, and fear T be King, and the r God, b•snur 'bt King ; MR. or 1704. r and ' i
The Jteoadyar and lay, take and
brin t kre•. I crooked e. in tbt morni"g, rain
i. St:rER VEatDIC-rt'M IN CURIA GWAVAS KELYNACK. War a La•var gu•ir 00 t he verd k t Of the
twelve men Of the ; ha am Barnerß•u•
mtg. ha
tiz, dek an gyroz bra : En Fob Ira. treat Ha nog, Hale gen O i poble dho gmr ; I Icilr•r tu e hctfias reb pul C.omyns VYC glan 01. TO Cont revak
Nichols Pen treat" , P. redo Why
doaz an Gen pu«as, komero Why
•wyth Tbi hedna yw Ha cowz mea. Dega, • 01 gut gwir. Middlesex ; and judgment Of , a true •
For gave judgment And
bone", 'be fraud. Wben man bu
JP•tad bread* Fair Hate a saying ah rigbt tyrbe earring Wa rm Chancery drove by NICEOLAS PEMfÄEATH. IN LONDON.—BY Mn.JOHN BosoN, 0'
NEWLxN. pund lawyer. peter Downing hung in them, • intcrpretation, himself a HIS simile Of Cut down an afterwards In the mistakc Of that drift-neu had been
ukd, time out of mind, to take sale ; *'beg
ancicncly used co take bait only.—jhat is, adhered to the reuon of
formcr tbc evidence givcnHMr. When ADVICE A FRIEND THE COUNTRY, •ro Kymero guz lavarxk Guz ha guz aur Ma ladran moz, cn tcrmen Reb Vor Loundrez •rur. An hagar muzi, na ens Th'enscn kinifcr toi, Dho rag an
Neigbbur, Wben 'hall With b, re
TO do right. i' ; And aloud, is all 'Our
NetcnnovR THAT WENT To RECEIVE
your gold, Tbie•ves do go in m
ht matdJ are god, arr in e•VeO for 'be
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LITER&RV
CHARACTECS, OF showers and sunshine
arc together given, The pi. kies and
cuckolds go to heaven." r have
given rhyme to a ptoverb, I believe, is confined co Cornwall. TO give one a Cornish Cornish hug is a in
the art Of wrestling, peculiar to the
Cornish.—" Devil not Into Cornwall, for Of being put a peop!e Of make of almost every thing
eatable, thus render many things not eatable, except to themselves; Witness their
squab-pye, sweet-giblet pye, herby-eye,
pye, mtvgetty-pye, He's cruel
as a common in the west Of Cornwall ; •particularly neigh— bourhrnd of Paul-Churchi which was burnt by
the Spaniards. To a Spaniard, the western
Cornish a aversion, as Strong as that Of the English, in general, to a
Frenchman. Vow, eyre ye full."
This was once, perhaps, a proverbial saying; for the illustration Of which I shall apply to or rather his
printer.t will have it by hook or by
never understood, t that this was a Cor:'sh
proverb have, also, proverbs respecting particular parts or places ;
most Of which are Of Ilengston-down, well ywrouglit, Is worth London-town dear
ybought." Hengston-down was
supposed not only to be extremely rich in tin, but also to have in its bowels Cornish diamonds. In Fullcr•s time
the tin began to fail here, having fallen, (as he terms
into a Of knights Of Whole if
any, the Cornua, The Of the St. in for is now used
(says a for tri Avrr• V
•which leave for to p. This a gentle-
man or arui 'his author. 'hauld be 'o loss so matter. in the deep. deceitful On the Vow and 'h" tu mean,' Vow etc ye fun
fer Eli, u, iDrco•n, their Holy before
'hr•y they no or to It is the hint for
precaution taken diat Of or a in know or deceit. in my u'cth you, be, as I
throw tbc be east every that;•,
loquitgr.l The uf in gays bv in tee by •I'd near Mount the Cross, •eon 'he hi,ure of crook. of
that by him to 'he poor Of for
.athcring for hre•boot bough. an-d branches Of oak h" from filching, or taking ar.04hei above
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38 LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, AND terms it) to a scant-saving scarcity."
As to the diamonds, no one has yet judged it worth his while to dig for them. g When Dudman and Ramhead meet." These are two headlands, known to sailors :
they are near twenty miles asunder; Thence
this proverb is meant to express an impossibility. Fuller observes, that,
nevertheless, these two points have
since met together, (though not in position) in possession of the same ownerl
Sir Pierce Edgecombe, enjoying one in
his own right, and the other in right of his wife. A Feast or a Famine in Sylleh." a creek and hamlet in parish, a great
thoroughfare, Of (says Nordcn) there
hadi bene used a by-worde, •gin Craft" - hole twelve howses and
thirteen Cuckolds. The Gallants of Foy.' The Of Foy were, in the time Of King Edward
famous for their privateers, auld their
gallant bchaviour at Sea, Whence they obtained that denomination. be .rumn•ttned &t'fre the Mayor This is a jocular and imaginary Court,
where such persons are presented as go slovenly in their attire, wanting a spur, ; and where
judgment, in formal terms, is given against them, and to the scorn than the hurt of the
persons. This is a Truro proverb. It
alludes to the never-failing delicacy Of woodcocks at the mavor" feast, •on the ninth Of October. The nice
appearance Of the woodcock, about this time, its rarity, and the discriminating taste Of the
body corporate, even before the existence Of calipash oc calipee, may hence, perhaps, be inferred
or conjectured. TO send one to St.
Columb.'• TO send •one to
Coventry," need not be explained : our Cornish has a similar meaning. I have heard it, indeed, applied
to children Whom their ill—humoured
taciturnity from conversation, and who are, therefore, said to be gone to St. Columb.t See p. said to have sent members to but,
growing into to is now Of the CountV.
and for the old saying. that t/ert
am-I a are inveterate any one that
asks the name Of and do hut, after the them. to spurs to his horse. aw•y fast 10 avoid and both not to a: at fol.
Grow, Who 'o his glossary Of the above, general Welsh proverbs;
Of "e equally Corn'" Olht:r A Bart," A •hott "OP. no
bc said Of Cornwall. hctc, as in are
after a Among M |
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LITERARY
CHARACTERS, OF 39 OR the small in the Of more the Of •Of But Of v ho a of have and in *i', oi 'ht ••.Lr•d . •i" to is to the turf it in it: lard, h thn.ughout so Of "ml 2/0,) that to Sidbur—no Of Of •daae : but trans• mired nom 'o This in snow, Will cat bad hay rather e. the Of
tradition the hang be n: bot in
Let a they H.ldon hasa at spinning WAS to to your behef, it very true, one hutßcd fotty
th•ead' in to•-eee, thc cyc of and for
many to be in at the Oi and
All England m'kht a Cadbury the
land of de and •Ger whiih, in Roman o'
be of the dawn. called b:Lween two
['you to heal a pretty tale) (l dew" theu: to ievcn but to nil pra•ter au3rum by do-xo", or in ofLcn sernc to from o:h'r in the it Of the
of the •n which by the help Of M.•uca, as he VC•y A watchful dogon This goldcn neece to
keep, And ahe two as true, One the
other, for thing: I know, fur it believed Of
hrcr, and dr. to have And Of
same proverb thus : When down
delved to•ua." ripe in mouths uf in Of First hang and hoi theuuse by and but arQnt, very Where a court Of
fo,-merty• ptovab, is to to some 'he
of who eut Lome this
heard of Lydfurdlaw, Haw 'n
thry ; At yt much. But I fiaa
yet 00 They On a i' [or an old by
rush'. and whether,
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40 LANGUAGE,
cave. five arc sly ones ; know thrrc
Bur The prince a Within this to•nbg ; Some tarry five • had till the day of doumtk. Oar of matt, for a peck of sale Two suretics a this or ele:• You mav go a.kof Crt John Vaughan, Or John the mea that in lurch, is church,
Scvenashes. and Thre and tenn
downe Whereby vou wen, in the young grave to have
NO cloak 10 hydc knavery. The
within this elyme, But sure I do
r.ot They tyke come to lyic again. the wore
sn,Cc the Kult tun The
TO sec it that, T, So vnvter: NOW,
my'kc At got Thi'
One poul•d bolter b:ru One Of
drinck got chance. who. I •hitlk as
the Of the town. the ; Would
wete to say. at" wynds sO
roar. Wat See Brice" Lvdford•law menöoned a pamphlet d the last
rent" , entitled, A briefe the death and of mydford•law, by Which they used to bang
cadiz Archbishop Laud." [Oxford,
p. in the* terms; s may A any who his Mort-stone, or More-stone,
huge rock th•t btOds ep the into
Mores-bay, in Devon; which (there is a tradition) C•nnot be removed by a man
who thorouh•hlv tt'*tCr 01 to Risdon,
it can ocvcr removed but by who rule husbands ; Of a not t
bludgeon or w»lking-s'ick. puts on 'O
'tick out Of Erst Was first not in
• causes. The |
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CHARACTERS,
op The mot"; by are often
proverbial and meaning ; the Of •are
no: always known from documents or
y&t, I conceive, :hcy are very annexed to coat-armour, merely by
chance, or without sonte al usion to
incident, or illustration 'Of We
mottos I believe, in the Cornish language. Earl of motto is fereatly read. I find it, in Tonkin's
manuscripts, Frank ha leal ettoge."
Free and for But the Rev. John COLLINS, Of Penryn)
thinks the reading should be, Free
and These words certainly convey a
very just idea Of the family character. The GODOt.PKtNs, in early times, were signally loyal, and
not less attached to British liberty than to their kings : and those Of the last century, whilst they
excelled their forefathers in the virtues her eembla— zoned, rose to a superior eminence; whence
their fidelity and patriotism might be more
triously displayed. The BOSCAWEN motto, as I find the reading in
Tonkin, is, Parco, Kart•nza r
enza.•' By beef at Easter, love
cometh." From this sententious
remark, we may infer the hospitality, and perhaps the popularity, of the BOSCAWENS; who are, doubtless, well
represented by the present Viscount in
generosity, and every other virtue that distinguished their nncient
house. It should seem," also,
that Easter was, among our ancestors, the season Of hospitable
distritmtion, rather than Christ— ; at
which latter tide, a Tregotbnan ox bath now-a—days very powerful attractions*
For the CSkMrNOWS, history has
expressly given us the origin of theirmotto. We are told, that in the reign Of EDWARD Ill. a suit Was
commenced by the Lord SCROOrE against CARNINOW, of Carminow, in the Parish Of Meneg, for
beariqg, as the Lord SCROOPE did, in a
azure, a bend or ; and that, on a reference being made to the most eminent
persons in the realm (Of whom JOHN Of
GAUNT one,) CARMINOW proved his right, by the constant bearing always the in their •faces." T RAC' Y, Of A ment or which It that wherever any Of the
Tracey family'. either by or sea. bien
hot weather FU a it the female. and
trouble Of baying aud in it
Dr more + ra'her inclined to however. herc
signifies, In is, at Passover which
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42 LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, AND thereof even before the conquest. • But, as
ScaooPE Was a Baron of the realm, it Tas Ordered, that Carminow should still bear the same
coat, but with a 2ile in chief for distinction: on which Carminow took up the Cornish motto : Cala rag
A straw for a tale-bearer."
Whence POLWIIELC motto originated,
Karenza Love worketh
Love," am not able to conjecture
; unless the moor's head, with the olive-branch, may elucidate its meaning. From the collision of the motto
and the Crest, I see a faint light : But no other eye, perhaps, would perceive it. And, though the
mention of this, among the other Cornish mottos, was indispensable, it would put patience to
the test, to exercise imagination respecting a family, whose aw•aals cannot be too concisely
noted; since its old possessions are well-nigh gone ; and its rank in the county will never more be
four remaining mottos with which I am
acquainted, are TONKIN's, of Trevaunance,
g Kenz o/ tra, cuna Diu mohtrrn
Tonkin, above all thing, fear GOD and the King."— HARRIs's, of Keneggy' Car reyz pub trap GOD's love gives every thing."— Noyes, of St. Berian, Fair is Peace."— which accords perfectly with the crest, (a
dwe bearing an div.•.branc") and GWAVAs's, of G wavas,
In summer, remember winter."-t
Of epitaphs, and Other inscriptions, I have, before me, a great
Variety; from which I Shall select the
most amusing. In the churches Of the West Of Cornwall, were, once, many
epitaphs in the monument Of Captain
inpaul—churcb, arc two Cornish lines.
Lord DE mono. (wh;ch i. certainly characteristic of the Basset-family)—•• curious thymes I lately heard rcFted: tribal'
et etas quiLug) PycetPybus. rrge,
•v tn of thc North, and the North wall, is the Captain |
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LITERARY
CHARACTERS, OP CORNWALL The Cornish
Epitaph upon Dorothy Pentreath is as follows : Cctb Doll Pentreatb cant ha dean ; 43
Old D one hundred and two
1 Marne "a ed Dead and buried in Paul parish Not in the Church, with folks great, ed Eg,'mbas, e. in Church—yard, old author Of these verses (Of which I have
interlined a literal translation) is a Mr. Tompson, a native of Truro, and, by profession, what
we Cali in Cornwall, an engineers—that is, a
maker Of engines for the use Of the to which trade he vas bred, under
his father, and, in his youth, much
employed by Mr. Pendarves. I met him, at Plymouth-Dock, in where he was engaged in supcrintending the
raisers and hewers of stone, under Mr. Paulby. If now living, he must have nearly approached
his hundredth He is a worthy, and honest Old
many—of some knowlege, and much humour ; and knows more, I believe, Of
the Cornish language than the old
lady, whom he has celebrated, ever knew; notwithstanding all that Daines Barrington has Said Of her, or his
fellows Of the R.S. and A. S. The epitaph was
communicated to me by Mr. Collins; (whose letter from Truthan, dated
Dec. 8, 1789, I have already quoted,
and) who, in the same letter, thus proceeds; What if, in respect to my friend
In of Capt. STEPHEN HUTCHINS,
Of Who dev»rtrd this Life at
butried umuoion in K tngstown
Church, an the Forticth Year of
Age. BALMS cxtr. heart established and did not shrink he his Enemies. h':h abroad and given to The Poor, and hi' 'i remaincth for Ever; his horn be exalted give? hundtrd Pounds towards his Church;
Building a house For Men poor
Women, born In thn to Live in and
thctr Mainget•.anec. me genuit, Corpus Jam tenet, ac animurn t Deus. heb ducth Eu karen• Tha Pohl Rohadchak E.61es Hcroic Actio:rs hi' fame, And ptous With Name, • The old my name aar.cucccd to him, me,
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44 LANGUAGE, AND friend to attempt giving poetry a ryihmical
in would please you as well as the
original ; if the simplicity Of it be
properiy preserved. Genius of Sternhvld assist me ! Skernhuld ; and
thus I write Old 1)011_ Pentreath, one
hundred two, and in Not in the Church, with people great and
high, in the Church-yard, doth old
Dolly lie. Make it more literal and
simple, if you can—I-here's a challenge for you" My English inscriptions shall open with an
epitaph in the church Of Lantegtos, near Camel— ford.
the body Of the d:ughter Of Christopher Wothevale, of W ochcvale, Esq. who departed
the 9th day Of August, logs. Beauty, Virtue, Youth, and Gentry, All at Grave-port make their entry And the custom we must pay, Dissolving is to dust or clay. But the comfort of us all Rests in our Lord Highe Admirall, Jesus, in his good tyme, Will refine our dust and slyme, And assume us to his joies, Past feare, past care, past all
alloyes." On a tablet Of slate,
in Duloe church, is the following inscription, in which the name Of the female whom it memorizes, forms the
anagram, Alan a dry MARIA
ARUNDELL, Man a dry Man to the marigold may bee, Men may be to the laurell tree! Both feede the eye—both please the optick
sense— Both soon decay—both suddenly
fleet hence. What • to tee Mr. Of this in Beauties of Cornwall." p. it
has c. pied in oi thr public infs.
That I a of not be But my bccu
confined 10 Vas by .cc'dcm. |
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LITERARY
CHARACTERS, OF CORNWALL. What then in
'erre you from her name, but this, Man
fades away, a dry laurel 45 In Truro Church, there is a monument in
memory Of three brothers, Of the
family, Thomas, John, and James; who died in the reign Of James l. and
who, as the Had al/ GOD, me uvmb, and
one tomb." t inscraption
says, In St. Erme Church we have this
epitaph : Here lieth the body Of
IdGOE, Of Truthan, Esq. who departed this fife, in the feare Of God, the sixth Day Of October, in
the year Of our Lord God 1652. He was
more than he seem'd, yet seem•d to be
More than a thousand more : his pedigree IS drawn in Heaven, where, if you
come, You'll see more Of him than in
Verse or tomb." believe I may
trust my memory for two charming effusions Of the rtstic muse, which, at my own , parish church, St. Clement,
have Often met my "e : Here lie
two little ones, Whose ears were
tender as their Father • i. a on Joho Of Here, in this chancel'. do I IV. Known by tume JohK•rreKry made and born for to dVc, So friend. as T h c refute. be surc to tm But chiefly Eve and • Acid on 'hem with so be bar" eterr•.aily. glora-.
up during the Of Mr. by He kind Of man. down in '0 a uoveity man swearing in Epitaphs on the Darts. in the Church Of
Mevagizzy, One dart to find anodier
i here
the father. J on earth Etcnutye.
The warfare rave the
quiver; Where shall rest tbc Tiry bc rev wed fer ever. i' a ia memory Of Joho .gcd 01 This is decorated Of Truro. died and sixe by
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LANGUAGE,
LITERATURE, AND Father and mother and
I Chose to be buiied asunder: Father and mother lies buried here, But I lies buried yonder."• In the churchyard at Stythians, wc have
rhymes, cc to teach the rustic moralist to die' on slate, and Ou moor—stone, and on more perishable
wood. Why Of this life, then, shou'd
we boast ? Alas ! our days are few at
most— At Strongest Weak, at merriest
sad, At largest short, at best but
bad." These languishing heads are
at rest, Their thinking and aching is
o'er These quiet, immoveable
breasts, Is heav 'd, by aflliction, no
more. These hearts is no longer the
seat Of trouble, and torturing pain! They ceases to nutter and beat— They never shall flutter order of Miss Hunt. daughter .nd heiress of
the Lte Ceo%Hunt. Of EA. and now the
of the Hon. Charles T hr mason
employed work, to c been a man of some bumour. if we 'udgc from hit bill. foot to Mr. John Rotart.—mending the
other: putting seven IEW hutt0øs to a
"ring to ht. To two feet to his Philippa—mending her and her
hand. two ha and a neV nose, tn the
Captain. TO two new hand', and mending nose of his her eye'. and butting nev cuff to her gown. TO
m•king and fixing two new Vingson Time's shoulders, end great the handle Of his and putting a
bladc • to Which in What church-yard
in do not recollect : Here lic. father
and mother and l, Who died in lhc
short year: They lies buried at
Whvmple, in thiscounty ; But I buried
here." aged '796. This late
fricod Major mind is tortur'd with
doubt, My •s wuh fear i Like madmau about, not know where." •c. ud Cornwall Vol. p. |
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LITERARY
CHARACTERS, OF 47 An epitaph in St. GLvvLA3 church, on John
Grills, merchant, bearing date 1673, ends
rather quaintly i • but cannot Vie with a Grade inscription, Of nearly
the Same date. Mason, Gent. who died
Dec. 1671, and Was buried in the is in
memory Of Church—yard at Grade, Close
to the north wall Of the chancel. It should seem, that he Was the fir-st buried on the north-side, and that
he interred without the funeral service. That the south part Of a Cornish cburcb-yard is
genera ly full of graves, before the north is at all disturbed, is certainly fact. Why here ? Why not all one ground, And here none Will my dust confound i My Saviour lay where no one did ; Why not a member as his head ? No quire to sing, no bells to ring ? Why, Sirs thus buried my King! grudge the fashion Of this day, To fat the church and starve the lay i Though nothing now Of me be Seen, I hope my name and is green." Had I been the minister of St. Erth, I
should scarcely have suffered such Gnes as these in honour of William and John Ralph, 1782, to
remain undefaced : In of and
heal' nv•d w p. now doth rest
tomb, Nt•ait in womb Without copying two Of a rcccnt by N
YA in the chancel, 00 White marble
stone, a to •be NO. 57 and 58. Of the
Mr. years Vicar of yearof If for love
human hv venerable urn may weep. Fneodshipmourn. unlir•d, bc
k •d he With GOO , •hr of
payer, Y.. k 'hepherd•s Carci On Somb
Breve I |
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48 LANGVAGE, LITERATURE, All you young people that this do Sec, AS you are now so once was we ; As we are now, so you must be, Therefore prepare and follow The following is a very quaint epitaph on a
tomb in Ludgvan church, to the Of John
South, A. M. who died rector Of that parish, Oct. 6, 1636. Let Nature's coarser children have A tongueless tomb, or but a grave : South, the meridian point of wit, Can never sit, but shine in it, Ripe artist, and divine inspir'd, Thou liv'dst : thou died'st, belov'd,
admir'd. Hyperbolize In John Enys, of Enyt, EA. who died
Oct.", t80•, 30 yem. If eer
the Swell'd thy full heart, and bade
the Let this marble to tell. Then, If h'" Frecndship warm and Affection Truth,
Check not sigh that haves thy here.
a in Camborne Within this tomb
intcrred the nf S•m. Son Will. •od Of this parish. Life July '775. aged 15 yc.aß. Ah I rueful fate! Erneath, in dust, I lie, Doom'd a band die he sore
hat death ensued; 10 more Now,
parrnt', brothers, sisters, friends
Take "'lemn Waming by my sudden fall Re ; to-morrow, may coli, D.:arh Will you here With me. There" noughr avails Vour bene•'h the
sky, How or you but you Pryce's •roakio MSS. In '79-7, Richard Roskruge, of Carne. in
St. Anthony-Menen John hi' rri&ur. He
burled in St. A memory submit to my by Roskruge, his Of and substituted the following it, in a
Very different ;pirit by erring hard
to die, For him •pint breathe' from
Heav'n, a O, dcrdatone. BC to waft tbcm to 1b' |
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LITERARY
CHARACTERS, OF CORNWALL Hyperbolize I
do not —true, All's here; dear,
dearest friend, adieu."• Who lye'
hr re l, gr»dc Erie of Wee Ivvtd together fyf•y-ryve Yerc. That wee wee Wee Wee
wee wcc have." that this
is Christian —y and improvement On Old epitaph Of Which Cicero thus gives habeoqor edi. at et relict.. to have tbc Greek in the Tavt••
After , it t hat the first • most spurious, palace,
49 At Other Epitaphs Tiverton. Mary Shepherd, a tender Only cyght old, Whom death pluekt quickly Lyeth covered moulde. M.vrpret Garner : ve But, least Stone May 5,
took( away again. gave yt
unto April 26, jaeet hie fuit uxor bona, veran, provida, mund•. parens. Dormit uh.•nna A cam no Samuele Butler Quæ pia,
Here from th• Who to Butler
lived when godly ended TO heavens, due by Christ, IS • Bideford Ch ureh-yard, The
But ere tint day did come. |
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over
tle and Market-place, is tiüs inscription
T. Jenkin Daniel, Naior. seeks
to eternal treasure, no guile in
Weigiit Or 1615. memoryof Esq. do.th
B•vh, W", Or a ueasurc, VV1ii•, !ove in part, an her hunt. so but Oh du: is upon
Fair flower the hand Of bud
above.' i It' an epitaph. do the Of
last is Of Bcli'• leg. c•en tho It no more, sore.
it ran. Loth and d»y•, away. i
• a East-end Of the in Here lyeth thc of Joan hi' Wifc youth When In his Sickness for that
Come 2nd him pray • he would
hi"' • he be • be mi*ht
money geet. By this •a hat •o motley • a ho dui toComc pray • young is in way. It be •mist to that up "-s ' st 'h. 'r to thr• Whvch the bad it ceuuucd, sogmaiuccn.kd to |
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LITERARY
CHARACTERS, op CORMWALL. The alehouse,
at Sennan, near the Land's-End, has on one sue of its sign, T!"
last England," on the Other, in
England." • ll. Of this
description are our proverbs and our epitaphs. But such adages have been
flying for ages through our oral
language, with little claim to learning, though perhaps with some pretensions to sagacity and • such
inscriptions might have adoressed the traveller from every post, and every tomb, "ithout
suggesting an idea of our mental But literature was by no means neglected in the west of
England i and our improvcments in knowlege and taste have been rapid and extensive. That Cornwall Was not less enlightened than
the rest Of the isl'.nd, may bc judged from her various seminaries Of instruction. In
Cornwall, and, I doubt not, in other parts of the island, be by it on for that deceased hod died Of
viru't•nt and that thn his b' h"
conhrn.vd cp•ta might be they ted by
in B-n: iie, the chute indieu•vion.
and his own by iooktr•.: at begu•ed it mvsht h- to i'•r he a in of he •,hs• lite worthy of than Composer. the Rev. Irarncd Mt. Of Mr. pr,'r, Of his On Paul's the 01 S on ibe
• am sign of Lart. at South Devon, With inscription under ete•r, In the San, The most Of oar inscriptions are Which Vere
Written on pannels in ; Even as 'be
herdsman And gwyet:ye lye downc That h."ir olwaye in Ofctie for to So my ghat pr•nccbc weyct then. 2
The sh;pmen toste "tide TO
anker hold': do at to them Such •boulde bcc TO his
3 fcr verteV and There no divorce Go to remove But now much such lustc. That they bre•k Wherefore unto 01 suchc let 'hys br sufficient TO GO fur feareof punishment, 'n %aing lake, wher is awsl Ofgll
tormeuo 4 borne b.sck, 3
Wh.t thing harder What is Yet the same, droppe. Evenso so to but
6 wiche laden with meat,
And yet Bat 'h, y' the lich
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52 LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, AND the Origin of the Grammftt•.school very
evidently appears in the Clerical School, Or Parsonage. school we probabiy, at St. GERMANS, at
LAUNCESTON, at St. and, cer— tain y,
at St. COI.'JUU. Of the last-mentioned place, I shall quote account, with
Mr. commentary. Contiguous with the churchyard Of Saint
Columb," says Hals, a college Of black
monks, canons Augustine, consisting Of three fellows, for instructing
youth in the liberal arts and
sciences. This author Mr. Whitaker,)
must always be allowed some confusion
Of ideas ; and he here confounds objects that are Very distinct, fellows,
canons, and monks, by turning his three
fellows" as reported to him (l suppose) from some seeming tradition, into canons or monks, as
seemingly reported to him by history. For take as he adds immedialely, to be one of those
three colleges in this province, named in Speed and Dugdale's Monastic-on, whose revenuer they
do not express, nor the Naces Where they
were extant; but tell us, that they were dedicated to the Blessed
Virgin Mary, the lady of angels, and
were black monks of the Augustines.t" He thus (says Whitaker) builds
an tion bold and positive, on a
surmise frivolous and false. But he must frequently be allowed something more than confusion, even an
unfaithfulness to his very authorities, a citation Of testimonies directly opposed to Or a
falsification Of them for serving his own purpose.' Accordingly, those three colleges in this
province, named in—Dugdale's Monastic-on," as consisting of black monks of the
Augustine:" are actually three thus noted there, Bodmyn pr.
Can. S. A. Launceston • Abb. g
Can. S.A. S. Germani Abb. 213. 243-8-0$" Where their revenues," are all and
their places" are all The College Of St.
Columb, therefore, cannot possibly be one of the three; being no abbey
Of either black or white monks, and no
priory either of Augustinians or Dominicans. In facts it vas merely the PARSONAGE—HOUSE, denominated a cottage
here, as I believe such houses, or their sites, to be still denominated in Various parts of
England; and as particularly remember the site of one to be denominated at Eccles, near Manchester.
A parsonage-house, indeed, was cailed a college originally, because it contained collegiate
kind Of family, and a collegiate kind Of school within it.'
The retainers Of the church," I have said formerly concerning
every parish—priest among the
consisted Of six persons under the rector, the deacon, sub-deacon, and
acolyth, the exorcist, lector, and
ostiary but,' the priest and deacon only were reputed to be in holy orders; the rest were denominated
clerks, and even in contradistinction to these, and have transmitted the name to their
successors, the parish-clerks Of the present period ; and, as • 62.
Ibid. ibid. |
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LITERARY
CHARACTERS, or CORNWALL. 53 they gsisted in the services of religion,
they had seats in the chancel with both, and their stall' remain in many Old parish-churches at
present." There' tl.ey frequently induced our antiquaries, without reason, without
authority, and in mere ignorance Of the ancient custom, to suppose the churches to have been formerly
cdlegiated.n• So once said without any the
slightest knowlege Of the present case, yet With a seemingly pointed
reference to it; I said so merely from
the canons Of the Saxons, and from the constitutions Of the French
contesn— porary with them. Thus, then,
were formed those first colleges of clergy in our island, the immediate parents of what we have denominated
colleges since, and stampinga parental likeness upon their progeny being several priests
incorporated into a society the service Of a
church, while were merely the laical retainers of the church, under
the deacon and P'iest of it : both,
however, Were societies regularly collegiated, and both resided in What Vere
popularly entitled colleges.' g The
same custom" S also' prevailed in France; mention being in— Cidental\y made" in the capitula Of
the Franks,' Of the cleric" quos habeat
presbyteri'."t But there
vas ant*her circumstance in these parsonage-houses which united with the
pre. ceding to gain them the
appellation Of colleges. Each house a cdlege, or for edwatiøm;' The clerks" in it, as I equally noted
(Mce,' 'C were all destined for holy orders; each Pied a and perwns were gradually promoted
through every Of the alferior otüces
to the diaconate and priesthood. The proper instruction of them for orders
was mitted to the care of the priest,
as the education of youth in the monasteries vas con.sWd t• the abtx* and the prieR and abbot,
therefore, Vere equally denominated the
governor." Hence then is derived that very appellation for a
beneficed puish—Fiest us, which is the
most ancient in origin, most dignified in sound, and most advantageous
re- venue which we naturally considers
relative to his Enrish, but here find referring to his school. Nor vas this all the scht»l
that a parish-priest kept in his house ; he' bad pupils with his clerks : his house, in
reality, Vas a little academy for the of the
ing gentry, as the bishop's was another and a greater. This and appears plainly in the Saxon constitutions.
Let the biclvpt willingly teach and inttraeti
says the twenty—sixth ecclessiastical law Of Canute and let Piatt have
a in biz says twentieth canon of
Theodulf. The bilbop, abbots, and retort, required, ear)' as to keep in *heatin to reading i for that
to the to the and train up to the Of
zacred knowltge that, being thus instructed.
they may become, in all to the tbe
if any good mafi send his to the says another canon Of a later date,
the Ought to teach willingly,
expecting any reward their relations, except
Ibid. |
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LANGUAGE,
AND We even find the n:ne practice on
the continent; mention being incidentally
made in the Of the Franks, not concerning the' clericos quos secum
habent presbyteri," but also Of
the' that every presbyter had and some directions being given for the government of these
schools.' so diffused over the
continent, equally With the island, this primitive provision for the elementary Or the plenary education Of our
youths, we may be sure continued for ages afterward in both ; till 'ther societies were formed,
and ctherbuildingserected under the retained appellation Of cd./ege$, for the more formal, more
public, more general purposes Of education. We • cordingly see it continued for the
elementary IN THIS VERY COLLEGE at St. Colombi even beyond the erectkm Of such buildings, and the
formation Of such societies.' college," notes Mr. Hal* Very happily from private
information,' temp. Henry VI. was bred vp John u bishop Of Exeter,' a younger Son Of
Renphrey Arundell, Of Lanherne, esq.
sheriff of Cornwall, 3 Edward ; he bad tatte the liberal art' and and was at Exon college, in Oxßrd; where he
stayed till he took his degree Of Master
of Arts and then Vas presented by his father to John Booth, bishop of
Exon, to be con— g secrated priest,
and to have collation, institution, and induction into his rectory St.
Colomb, which" was
"accordingly performed."$ 'So long did the PARSONAGE-HOUSE continue
to include CLERKS, with others, in a
collegiate society and a collegiate school within it : the clerk' were training certainly for orders, and all
the others were assuredly so. Nor did the school • cease entWely at the parsonage-house, as
we see from this anecdote; till grammar—scWt (so public ••and endowed buildings for teaching the
two languages of literary antiquity were now called) aræe from the beneficence, and were kept under
the patronage, Of bishops or Of rectors, by the side tbeir cathedrals in cities, Or near to
their parish-churches in towns. Even then the
clerical schools, which, in the reduction of rectories into vicarages,
and the ccmsequent contrac- tion in
the size of the priest's house, must have been frequently kept in the
churches themselvesy • Vere in the
churches kept still, and are kept at various parishes of Cornwall to this
day. In this very parish of St.
Colomb, where no such reduction has taken place, and the parsonage- house still exhibits its big bulk to the
eye, we find the school transferred to the church, and the transfer proved by a melancholy incident;'
as "in the year 1676," we read in Hals,' the greatest part of this church Of St. Colomb
was casually blown up with gunpowder, by three youths of the town, do-tin, who, in the
absence of their master, and tbt rett of thir
ignorantly set fire to a barrel Of gunpowder, the parish—stores, laid
up in the Stone *airs and walls Of the
The private schools. too, that are nov kept by clergymen • Hilt. of Maxinter, ii. quarto, t 49.
63. from oftbc cbucb, m•ny thcred. In caxuuion |
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LITERARY
CHARACTERS, op CORNWALL. 55 all over the kingdom, are derived equally
from the ancient institution Of a school in every par- sonage—house; the boarders yet forming a
sort Of Collegiate society, and the pupils yet Com— posing a sort Of collegiate school within
the walls Of the houxc. Only the masters are bound down no longer, as the rectors Of
Well-endowed churches Were L formerly, and as the masters Of well-endowed schools are from them at
present, to act' not expecting any reward from their relations, except what they voluntarily
give but are Obliged to stipulate with the relations precisely, and compelled to require
remunerations from them periodically.'•
Such accidents unaccountable.
As first. a On Or monesof the 'Oof Of
this church, When it happened ; whereby himself. and the ladde' but tx»th to the ground Without hurt. the
church bible and their in the rector's
FW, satce two feet from the rood-loft "airs, where the vnwder took file
and bloke Out. were moved. nor hart.
nor much •s any dust abmat them, though many thousand cast ahOut the
church. there Was at Of lime the
old but one to stand upon ; and yet
same Was not broken Or hurt. Fourthly, the pulpit was in I •kc manner lye-served from fury and rage of the fitc
and Stone', when vcry and pillars were Shattered to divines and philovophcrs a reason for these
things, if there were trot a Ot providence them. ny sad accident this o' St. Colomb reccivcd to
the of about hundred and fifty ; yrt hv thc
of the time built now and •what Wanti in subkitptIDns to make up sum, by a •man on
the •hereof. The chief Were Slr ntanbym
Of , Bart. his grand-mother-in-lav. W'do•.v Of Peter .Jenkyn. FRI.
twenty . twenty pounds; his three
sons, Thomas. lohn, and Franc" Vivian, fifteen punds; Robert . lnds; Pollard, ten John Bcaufo&crtor,
twenty pounds ; several others." Hats. p, since its d•ssoluttoa, hoth been app:ied to
secular, if ptoehaor, uses; for it happened a
youth.of in Dorgr•.hire. about years old, In the month of Anno mm.
travetling m parts quest of service.
appltcd to One Mrs. Crews, Of Colomb Who had of those houu•s, fot her anda nigh". who•ccordinælv Ordered bcr
Gilth-rt to place him in of coliege.housc•, mule Of • who, at t with • conducted 10 the Hme;
having same called him thcnæ. young
man prepared his bed, left the lantern and candle in the stable, and wen:
forth thence, locking 'he door
thereof, carrying with him the key, and the youth. that short time he
return thither ag•in and the Bat it
happeard the man fell asleep. and his guardan keel*' neglecting to come as he
protni*d. the candle. it seems. burnt
through the lantern. set to the straw and hay in that and so kindled great
name; which approaching the he s:ept,
awakened him, Who ran to the and windows, barred With iron, in order to
make but be could by no mans get out
ac cither, neuher could the towtnmen th•t came to quench the hie at
night. any means by force to the door,
'he party that the key, aforesaid, wanti
i (no person knowing whither he
was ) did he he w hole wc 'c in a raging flame of m rd hem and the
yo •void Ixing St. 'gain. here •dd. thtt thr Latin Greek •t time
taught •t in that parish, One Bisb'JP,
(of St. Martin. in Kitricr,) his youth. was, after education at in St. in Latin and Grcck tongues unJcr
that Mr. Cood, taken, by the cost and
cue Of Sit 'Oha Arundell. of Lanheroe, from thence. placed by in
Dowav-coliege, in F larders, ••here he
took ordcrs as • Roman-prieg,and aftcrward' returned into England, •nd (o •he
Hid Sir John Arundell, KuiKht. and
from thence visited and confirmed the Roman Catholics in those for many by
the pretended Mr. Hr died at
Hmrnersmith, near Loudon, aged 09 years, 20th March. 17.3'. and ordered bit body to be and his be taken Out and
sent to Doway, aforesaid, and in spin", and h" to be in in London." Gaunt. tad March. Hah
add', He was made Dr. Of Bishop.
Whitehall, in th-c 'car Of K. MSS. No.
6. • Scz WhiQkcr•s Cathedral of
Cornwall, vol. ii. pp. |
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56 LANOÜAOB, LITERATURE, AND Such, Was the college Of St. Colomb, the
Parsonage-hod* of the parish, a Of
clerks, and a school for education.—And, at Hats's college Of
Crantøck, there •as, probabiyj a
similar school as, also, at St. Berian. That the public grammar-school may thus be
traced up to the parsonage, is suGciently cleü•. But buildings were generally erected for
the purpose Of education, the vas open
for the reception of young gentlemen—-perhaps those of the first rank, who
were en— trusted to the care Of the
chaplain, and sometimes the clerks of the parsonage, though apart from the clerical seminary. Many Of
the principal gentry Of Cornwall and Of Devon, were educated at and at Pavderham—castle: and
the Granvilles and the Courtenays were
more celebrated for their hospitality than their attention to the
learning and morals of the rising
progeny. Of public, Or free-schools, (such as received all ranks of
persons indiscriminately) this part Of
the island had, unquestionably, its share at the earliest of their
erection.—Whether there ever existed a
school for teaching the Cornish language, am not informed t but at Tavi$tøck, (white it yet reputed a town Of
Cornwall) a lecture was •instituted for the support Of the Saxon tongue, which was then every
day gaining ground. The building, apym»priated this end, was called the Saxon-school. t ms
lecture was discontinued at the Reformation; but is said (I suspect on doubtful authority)
to have been resumed in the reign of Charles the First. t Of the most ancient Of our free—schools, in
Cornwall, was erected at Salta$h, Coeval with
• the Of Hah) being dissolved
by the Statute 26 Henry in the Crown. impropriator, Mr. is and rector of the
vic•rage church. The I_RumbeM. who
comparatively subsist' bis bout-NY. the parish to (be If96, The college a of men who have equal a body
of ooe craft, or n»ery; fellowshtp, or
fraternity in general. But in this pl•cc it s•gnifies On:y Of men p•of• 'he
liberal LCRnce 'bere divinit , Law,
physic, and Other are •eau or by those
cåleg•ates clerks, Or &nds. Now •be h 'At endowed for (Or Camden was in and yet he Cts a' d that there was • college of at Launceston,
or St. Stephen'. beioje •he Norman Conquest' another at St Genn.ns, rounded by K. Caoutus. Anno Dom. IC2c. as
our chronoiogers us. And sure I their
; Of any college Oxford, sincc
it to have had ot the though so not CO
have been und blown the Creek by the
Wind (temp. Edw•'d VI. Hollinshed sa•lh). The where •t *cod is scarce consecrated arched Weil Water name
Of The and chapter-house (says prince)
Of great buxtt so a' can on the
wroughc 'u the Here were lectures Of
Our old mother.ronguc (say. Camdeo) continucd down 'o the last age, (that
bath Almost 'he knowledge o' it
be at
sanely "tamed to thirty years, 't lhese h muu•s more than Notwithstanding "'vit•cd and, a thr
Sax" toque, so cont;nucd our
days, to the antiqe•.tic», from
oblivion, a •hittK al now to pp. •73,
S Her (says hath established Of With Of for tbtv•e market Of |
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CHARACTERS,
OF CORNWALL. 57 Carew mentions a free-school at Launce"".
• In the parish Of Stratton, there Vas, Some
years since, a small grammar-school, under the care Of Bait'. There
Dr. Bray, (a native Of Stratton, and
late rector Of Exeter-college) received the first part Of his education. At
Kel- is a free and endowed
grammar-school. t A mathematical-school at Loge, was endowed by Colonel John Speccot. At a school was
erected by S/.•adrack Vincent, Esq. Who eri—
dewed it in Kis life-time ; and by his will settled 5001. to be laid
out in lands; to pay 301. per annum to
the schoolmaster; money being then at six per cent. 5 Since Carew's Survey, a
school Was built at Leth•ard, on the
very spot where stood the ancient castle. It was original\y des•gned for purposes to those Of the castle itself,
as appeared from Vhat remained Some twenty
years since Of an Old inscription on the Olim Marti, nunc Arti."
It belongs, as the castle does, to the
Duke of Cornwall, who has certain annual courts holden there. The front wall
was rebuilt about thirty years ago. It
is a mean edifice, bad without, and worse within ; the busi— ness of education, to which it has been
long devoted, and what attentions are due to the more commodious prosecution Of such business,
having been Of late years, it seems, less understood at Leskeard. The master's stipend is thirty
pounds a year. The masters, from so far as can trace then, Were, rev. Charles Monckton,at
the beginning Of the last century; rev. Mr. Haydon; rev. John Richard Lyne, g his resigned ten
years since rev. • fret time 'tnderthe
Of Cambrid". The Of Were
twenty •Zolars, four pound' Mr. being
appointed toa college-tutorship in 1805, v", in the next by the
Ebolars: •ad the from twenty-six to Of tuitioa. f To which, in IRON, the rev. John Kendall
Fetcher licensed. the Of St. John John
Inglett Fort—cue, t the benefaction Of
John Speccot. Of Penheale, 19, settled
'(VXV. for ms•ter in to teach artthmetie, uavigatiou. Which school i.
now fixed at Looe." MSS. M'.
Morel who teaches the mathemMic• and navigation at Looe, and is a very
sensible and at my he preparing of the meteor seen i n parts. Works vol. .
p. Of J. Milton'. I have were eithteen
guinea. only. for board. washing, and lodging, With instruction in reading,
English •riting, and ; and for board,
with the Greek and Latin langu.gcs, twenty-one pounds. 5 Vincent. Esq. Of in St. mare, •eeond to
Henry Vincent, Of Tresimp'e. his second
wife, 'ho daughter of I aunce. the Dutch Wars he 'ig•nalized his
Courage by sea: serving as volunteer u er the carl Of and Was afterward' m•jor of horse in
un•'er Sir John Fenwick, Bart. He Was afterwards M. p. for to Which before death) to be in lands for the maintenance ot a to teach
twenty children 01 the Aid Latia and Engli.h
be book for use a dozen •cb0Lars. ID 1795, he published, |
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58 LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, and rev. Mr. Williams. The last two held
the school but a Very short time; and for several years there was no public seminary, till it was
Opened by A. T. Greene, Of St. John's, Cambridge, in 1805. Many of the first rank, noblemen and
others, were educated at Leskeard.—Dean Prideaux, and his Very learned kinsman, Walter Moyle,
Esq. Of Bake, the Morsheads, and Dr. Cardew.
And the school was always, till within the last twelve years, well
stocked with scholars. to the great
comfort and benefit Of that place, which has now to lament the grammar-school
at Lestwitbid, is Of late Origin. Some
years ago, Mr. Macgilvr,ry, a Scotch gentleman, (whose poems Will hereafter come under Our review) was
invited to that town by the neighbouring gentlemen (or very favourably received on hisarrival
there) and appointed to instruct their sons in the rudiments Of classical learning, to form their taste,
and regulate their morals. What occasioned his relinquish— ing his situation, I never enquired. But, I
believe, his patronswerenot disappointed in him, as a teacher of the elements of language;
though, to the charm Of lyric effusions, they were like the deaf adder that stoppeth her
ears." In 1803, I Observed in the public prints, an adver— tisetnent, in which a vacancy for a master
was announced: and the recommendation of the school, were upwards of thirty scholars, a good
room, and an annual stipend of thirty pounds." This Vacancy was filled, (if I am not mistaken)
by the rev. Mr. who, I think, was succeeded
dedication Of tbt give Of its author.
R. L. Virgilio suo S. Nam et
tui grati• cornposui: •t et dedi.ati..i&u. enim except* omnium tum cur:e tum gaudii partic;pe, et
cui me uotidie etin hoc-as devinctiorem habeo; sola except.. qui• est. nisi tu e', cum quo gratiam me potiu• inire
decetp a quo plu• expectation;' haberc pogim, quam de te, dulcissime infantule. qui nunee cunabuli'. matrem risu
cognoscen•. et ipse subridrns amabi;itcr. parenti pectus taciturn
pertentu mecum Vita adeu pacer vel
Mire fatteret 1• Discrimen Imo etiam. ii•dem tum et me lactat)-et
pater nObis Inque tibi nunc. amoris
ergo libellum ; in (modo quidem •quid •it) alii judicanto; qui, an pace nostra an ova, ex merito •eatentiam
•tatuent. Sed tibi f0'øan, quale-quate, irrideat i qu.ppe quod "t a et tui eaa•a. Hie. cuneis jam relictis,.et
butabata tandem dieacuiaque peracta, novam dis— ciplinam 'nib", ptimos gradus•cilicet
et•element• i•tius qua etnoUiuntur, et iogcuui a vuls0 segregat,tur. Quern autem hibebis librum, dividitur in
tres priori quarum eamprenduntqr canones viginti duos, una innumerit Canones autem pleni sunt et ut
isthic fere omno dicen•'i : item
ut k•gere possiset iutcltigere. non
modo h.hilia,et canoni suo •ingula quadrat"; sed cscerpta, quasi
nure• puadiso. a poetis fere omnibus
honestioribus, prx»ertim ipso Virgilio et Horatio; tum canvui• tum bono. et |
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LITERARY
CHARACTERS, OF 59 by the the present master. • The free
school at t by her majesties
liberalitie," gives Carew an opportunity to amuse his readers a few old
wives' Stories.$ At Bodmin, {says Mr.
Willis) is ten pounds per annum, paid to the free-school by the Duke
• appeared the advertisement. in our provincial papers—' meeting be '5th Of September; the rev. at three o'clock. at TN"t a
B,a-i in the evening. the preached at
the grammar-school; or. had 'he advertiser his grammar? In Bodmin school-house, built over a
spacious or grot. piled up the oi mea
found and i' now the Thi. Khuol Queen
Elizabeth endowed With about 101. •u. per
out Oi the exchequer, should
perhaps hat* forgotten the tree schoole here. maintayned by her Mainties
liberalitie. were not put in mind
thereof through. tote-halsening of this rebelion. by an action of the
whieh I report from of their Owne
mouthes. About • yeere beforethi• •tutre ray•ed, tl•c scbol'er•. who
accu•tomably diulde them•elues,
exploiting their grew therethrourh into two the one caned the
oide w" prosecuted them in With nege androughnc•.. partie knowing, and
still keeping the same companions and captaine. At last one of the conuerted the of au old candlesticke to a
ganae, charged it with powder •od a stone. and (through mischance' "graciousnc»e) «bere•.itb killed a
calfe: the owner complavned, the master •whipp.l, and the ended.
in the rts. before the batten at betweene and the Romanes, by the
fighting tocctl.cr Of the moone. In
bird'. "hat time brought Iorth the remnant or hi' army PhiGppi and •unne
the men. 01 by the of chariots
and armies in the •Yre And before b•ttel with first, by a skirmish of the
Camps •ndertvo capuioes, borrowin: the
name' of those and then by eo'ut.tary setting thou• to a single combat. Yea (to bring the•e examples
necrer home) the like bath hapne•l l_nvth before si:heme. amont•t in Other from to try the Ot the empire
the boye• {without any man' commaund;
parted in twayne•. the one side falling themu%ites Pompeyans, and the
other Cxsarian.; and then darrayning a
kindeof battell (but without armes) the got the A like prank and With they meanes,to decide the like •oueraix•nty. And
to affluneth. that the Sarnnitt they
draue their to out two the one.
they named generaa for the empct0Li' in Italy the Other king of the Gothe•, again•t whome hee In these
counterfeite it fell out. that hid the
•orst,whome theaduer.e party With iestin and maner, hanged at the
tree, in but yet with no intent to
kill him. This White. it happens t at woolle discrved: ".tnne the fast
abides the imazinary felon, and that
for want Of timely the breath poa;ted out reft the carkast•. The whichnotifyed to the Samnites. qottted
the •tripling. strings) of their punishmc"t. but the dismay the elder people. A like accident by the
ceremonious IS a pres-age Of the prince
Condyes death, 1659. Foure daie• before which, the youth from nine to
twenty-two age, assembled, and their
owne accord) chose two one they entitled the prince of Condy, the Other field him. three they Other, With Other weaporu, vntillat it "ewe to
pistoles: by oncol the imaginary prince re eiued • quelGng wound in head, about ten a in the morning; the very
howre (faith conies,our) that the prince himself", by aiike shot was slaughtered. The name authour
vouched a semb'ab!e Chaunce, somewhat bef0'e the siege oi J 572. where. •ome of boy—banded for the muor,and
other. for the king; who after dayes a
siege •eoduted gwathcs, ud brake up in peace." |
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60 LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, AND Duke Of Cornwall, and ten pounds more by
the corporation.n• At Pr*g$, a grammar-school
was instituted by Mr. John Williams, Of Trewithey. This, and the
school t at Tregoney, at One time, the
principal seminaries Of Cornwall. Hals speaks Of one of the Bucawtnr, who
kept a grammar-school in the parish-church
Of St. Michael and Of the first gentlemen of the west, who were educated there. t In the
parish of Mertber (if I understand Hals rightly) Mr. Halsey was an instructor Of many gentlemen
Of consequence, in the learned languages.
The free-school at Truro, is said to have been founded by one Of the
Borlase's, for the express purpose Of
classic education.N In 17 SO, as appears by the inscription, under the
master's seat, the northern part Of
the present school-room was built. At the time, there was a dwelling-house
appropriated to the master, contiguous
to the school, and in a line with the Other houses in the Street. This vas,
in 1731, pulled down to enlarge the
school-rooms hence the necessity of the two pillars in the middle of it, which stand where the south
wall of the first erection stood. Unfortunately, and Dr. p. 529.
In the grave Of the Vas interred in St. Penkivelt) of my much
hor•oured Gent. of A'ts, son the ;
who, bcv.usc wouid not idle an his
elder yc•ts, when he lived thu place. through bemu frrcholder in lands. he lefi h" family. for hc had nor
child} kept Latin and Greek school in this church Of St. penkavell—from whose fountain the little of
'kill in sciences. exsx»ed in this did
their rise and ; writer having. 10' about yen in h" had his
education him; in an the
Rolles.Trefuses, Vermons, poralie• in
the W. M SS. N 0.6. 5 Mr.
Trevottha-ee•n. in M:rthef, being ordained priest, and rector Of St.
Michael—pet-live" in iotctrc num'
Of liver and R•chud Cromwell, discipline of Calvin o' the restorxion the bterarchy. (that to say, the holy
spiritual Of the church of by bishop,
&C.) Vas oteof •be Of thme in England that relused comely wets
disci. by virtue of •n act of So that
he by Seth Ward. Lord Bobop of . on,
Of live'ihood and church prefe.ment, aforesaid. And he having otherwtse but •
small estate to support biausclf, and
family. as he set up a Latin Hebrew school, own bousc. in for oi childven ; for in short time, be
famous, in resvrct Of his a and a very
pious that his house fined with scholar. tom many of the country; of sons. I do remember to seen there, the V
"Yen's. and many more, who. for
about thaty•Evc thetr NOV, though the
such the duxcun's and lawsof the land;
yet, for the aforesaid, and by means of the interest and request of Esq. in
ha to the bishops of Exon, that time
h*iog, they winked •t this that '*ken but
eithet D'. Dr. Sparrow Dr. Lamp',ughi or Dr. Jonathan Trelawney,
Lord of duling in that gendctnan, Sir.
a ive the time of the writing hereof.
hatb over presbytcnan churches in parts, one of those divines
who. priests of that Older ip this
ptov•nce all whKh, he been in his own h-ouse and other who public divine in 'hutch w." over,
which he frrquented. if about .hve yens.
a Of •l: sorts Of C MSS. NO.
6. See on in tbe awe Of the dimensi«b the by 'rd hy 'he 8 inches; to the top Of the
ceiling 18 feet 47 30. |
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CHARACTERS,
op CORNWALL. 61 mech to the detriment of his successors,
Mr. Conon consented to receive ten pounds per annum in lieu Of a house, which the corporation
would have provided for him. sum, with
the original endowment of fifteen pounds, is all that Dr. Cardew ever
received, except, that the patron, or
representatives Of the borough, have, for some past, contributed
twenty-five pounds per annum towards
the support of an usher. While the m•.tstcrs lived on the Spot, the present play-place was a garden. And there
is a tradltion, that what is called the Green, was Once given as a play-place for the use Of
the boys Of the grammar-school. • There are two hibitions belonging to the school. They
arise from the effects Of Saint John Eliot, rector Of St. Mary's, Truro, and of Ladock, who, by will,
left the greater part of his property to Messrs. Canon, Vivian, and Mitchell, to be disposed
Of in charitable uses, at their discretion. This pro- perty is vested in the funds : and the
remainder, after the exhibitions are paid, supports six read— ing-schools in Truro, St. Agnes, Ladocky
Padstow, Lestwithiel, and Leskeard. The trustees are, the rector and Schoolmaster Of Truro, and
the vicars Of Kenwyn, St. Gluvias, and Veryan, The exhibitions are each thirty pounds a year.
The qualifications are, that the candidate shall have Spent the last three years at Truro-school;
that he enter at i and that he keep
three terms there in every year. This school has been, for a long
Series Of years, t school Of bigh
character. It may well be classed with the first seminaries Of England, if we
except West. minster, Eton. and
Winchester: and, indeed, its masters and scholars have frequently been formidable rivals to those of the royal
foundations, in genius, taste, and learning, Its masters, Often rectors Of Truro, and members of the
corporation, have been almost uniformly men of great respectability. t Of the famiiyof
George master, in 1620, rector of St. Nary's,
• øfien beard, as *ell a• my Often had We upon the green looking on our : but I did then know, my
own Of my Old letter. • aboute Trurowc In this letter, dated • June
first: Franco lovi.•ge . at
loti." • bto:hrr, • • • •
The arc in place for the new bud 'he
deca'ed boa*' on h•ve pr•vately rooferred with divers Outd vxovle; ten they it a it the part taken from the the towne. Yoa my
rake this comidet•oon. of value, t'
taken sea, and your's. should their's. You may, by Jn. who o. bc bad deed. Of from my the brothcr.
the from the 'Orthy Of the Of a
p the ; and it bc that some names apF.ar rectors. MAYORS OF
Richard b.nyel g' Svdtean R o set t
uwa.d 1 MAYORS or TRVRO. Heurv
khn Mayo A verye Edwavd G'osc hol
18 Gcorxe Sioglcton Gregory Friggeo Richard W bite Avery
Evrrard Edward' Waiter P• 73
78 |
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62 LANGUAGE, LITERATVRE, AND We have lately seen the last sad remnant,
in George Phippen, (or Georgy Phippeny as he was called) a poor wanderer, and a maniac. He
was perfectly inonz•nsive, and was, therefore, suf- fered to indulge wayward fancies visiting,
at particular periods, the different farm-houses in; MAYORS 0' TRURO. 1679 Richard ale Samuel Mot lc 8 He•tio•
82 john Pou 8.3 84 Ditto
Vnder 30 93
38 40 43
44 4 4
49 50 59
53 5,} 5
60 63 64
MAYORS or TRURO. 10 hn
Hussey h'istophcr Bradtick Richard
oho Robe"' Ohn died AgguA
8, •mes Mitchell Ohn Hussey, elected Oct. 9. William L.cmon Hugh Mander
Richard Amos Ptowse Ohnson
oh n Thomas Ohn Rowe Ohn Robert'
arnes Mac Cormick bristophet
Masterman Thomas Hearie Richard Hussey Slc•phcn Tippet Russell
Hugh Mander Richard Pc
ters rohnson V Lemon,
Charles Peters Mac Cormick Richard cwcll Christop
Ohn ter t Thomas
Thomas Warrick MAYons OP
Tnuwo. 81 'Oho 82 Dev
83 oh n Rose 8, 82 Ohu Harris 90
92 93 91
99 3 4
9 Ditto Henry Slade
Old Cbar'tr Henry Hcrlc Sanden
Dino Ditto Gregor
Walham Gnbbte Ohn Foote lames
Philip Shepherd Franc g Gregor Stephen
Henry Ditto hard
pctcr Sawyer W alter Ed ward Mayove John Pro 89
90 91 93
94 95 km:cs
lohn kalph A Ilen No Election
NO good Election Edward
died •mins. elecrca, Thomas Cluuerbuck Car dew
Tbogu• Edward Cardcw James Kemp
The records •re mi«sing from to
'722, in Of v•oknt stru*gle
the 6: peters ames Mac Cormick 67 Pascoe, did Jan ,
2 FOOCAincrd law, the
singe Vincent Zachary
68 70 71
73 7 77
90, 1•'68. Stephen Henry Harris John
Michael Allen 1-1m 'y R bawd Jenkins Jcavcy
RECORDERS ODTRVRO. Hugh
Boscawen. raid's Visitation. John. Of by
James ed.'s Hugh Boscawcn Aug• 5'
NOV. 1735, Hugh, Viscount mouth
Feb. 7, Henry Falmouth • George Evelyn,. TOWN-CLERKS O' John Michell 1701, Gregor, Jun. 170. t. 4 Zachary A '1 18, A very Samuel
Oct. |
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CTTARACTERS,
OP CORNWALL. cf Truro, of which had
been possest by and the Of his rents
with an air of Wel!-known as Ite he at
most that which the last Cornish : the
notion Of Lis property, he readiiy into a couv:prornise with his tenants, for a slice of cheese a tank:.rd
of cyder, the produce Of own estate. If recol- lect rightly, he never to pc,rochial pay ;
bat used to subsist, for days together, on cab. and turneps, refuse Of the markets, he
picked up in the streets. His chief
annoy:vnce was from the school-boys i whose persecution of him, in v•rious
Ways, I have Often witnessed. The poor
was, at length, found suffocated in a lime-kiln, where he fallen asleep. nem•y school-master, in 1
[$83, and one Of the corporate body, I
apprehend, Of the house of Stowe. The varied the spelling Of their mmcs
from even to Grenfell, and Grev;r/d.
Of page", (both rector and master) the memo- rial is not yet lost among the natlvcs Truro.
He a most respectable man; and was equally
as a spiritual pastor, and master." In Some traditional verses,
by Nance, Of Nance, (the last, I
believe of the Nance fatnay) the name of Paget is very honourably introduced;
and With all the effect Of Contrast,
as those verses (which I once heard repeated, and cannot correctly call to memory) are keenly satirical. Mr.
Yan', (rector also as well as master) had a son, who was student of Christ Church, Oxford ; and who,
at his death, left several Hebrew books for the use of the rectors of St. Mary's. • Of the last
two masters, I can speak from personal experience. TOWNCLERRS or TRv*0. Oct. 9, Jahn Hussey Re-elected Aug. 1727 1737, Aug. 8, April 19,
.17.•8, Feb. Ohn A Oct. 9, Ohn
' July Jenner O. TavR0.
1685, April Hugh Acl•nd '701,
April 30, Thous Wuhvei 17Q6, Aug.
16, 1797, Oct, 9, Eå'atds, Jun. RECTORS OF Sr. MARY", IN Txt'R0.
William Rake. Minister WII I
•am n •r 'ngcombc. Minister ROt0r, bund
NOV. 6. Thomas Minister Samuel Thomas Bow
1603 Pa get l. Jane Elliot
16,9 It) 85 17.6
177 OF CRAMMAA homas Syru
Winze R 'chard •go Simon Page'
T ho ma. Ebnkyn rorgc Corx*i • The late and but very •t Tturo his officiating, ooc Sunday. al
St. Mary's, and mode of leading the lessons, With rcmarkson several But the effect of
laughter in the thinking. and, the more scrious Of the congregation. apprehension and for
his flightiness. was never to Mr. Jane: but, Some years a ter. bc called at my Chruc wixre, kit, his
C&rew |
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i„iNGVAGE,
LITERATURE, AND Ecth my father and
myself were instructed in the principles Of religion, and the Of the • Greek and Latin tongues, under George a
Scotchman; a sound grammarian, a christian
firm in belief, and punctual in practice. He was have heard) an usher
at Westminster: at •rruro, he was a
second Busby. flogged, like Busby : and, like Busby be taught. We feared ; but we loved him. $ when, from the
infirmities Of Old age, he was forced to relinquish his charge, and retired to Padstow, we all
regretted his departure with tears nor Were they, though the tears Of childhood. forgot as soon as
shed." On his successor, Dr. Cardeqv, the praises that candour, or even indifference would bestow,
may, as coming from bis pupil, and his friend, be attributed to partial affection. But, to be
suspected Of an amiable prepossession shall not Silence my gratitude; Which, though perhaps too lively
in its perception Of merit, can never be mistaken, where merit is universally acknowleged. A native
Of Leskeard,andeducated under the care of the rev. Richard Hayden, M.A. rector of Oakford$ and
of Zeal-Monachorumi in Devon, Of Mr.
John Lyne, rector Of St. Ives, Mr. Cardew carried with him, to
Exeter—college, Oxford, thO* promises
•of a useful life, which I am Sure have been amply fulfilled in the discharge
Of • My Giber's indeed. prevented at
the the last or irxJeed in after—life
•t hi' h" in the-county on many imjx•rtant oces•ons). To make up for
time to Rad with him at Polwhele. And
I frequently heard Mr. Vfiviaosay. that my lather re] Gacek Buency, my 01 againmcnts. 4 but it from the entry avp;ntment to
Truro in the corporation-books, that
he was, at that time, usher 10 Mr. FOS's I have heard, thit •pponß_ed Of Mr. John Huw•y•, in LO
the The rev. CcrrtnJ to ootice)
v" Of Mr. Conon" ushers. T be Of a
to humble his Own unassisted he
acquired rapidly, a knowirgc Of the learned •nd. self-ought. Mr. Colton to Others. p u ; but candid, modest mea. religiously ;
'hey were "siduous and kind. Mr.
resigned it. July to the Cornelius and
to p.dstow. whc'c he cmunued to school. aving Ever-al of with him.
There he died. M", bachelor, ghe
of h" savings to Mt. Burnet. His epitaph, church-yard. contain. a charueer this spe beate resurrectioni'. Hic Georg'ys Co-non. apud vero VicO, Humanarum Becep•'0G Vir ct Chrioiauæ in Et jam Christo rtUavit v'. C.I. '775' Æutis Sur
In Domino. Car&v '*b, '748,
'bc Jan. '7, inc—M.A. Jan. gut, Dec.
13, 1786. |
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LITERARY
CHARACTEns, or CORNWALL. 65 professional duties. At first, an usher
under Mr. Marshall, at Exeter-school, he came to Truro, with high recommendations from
persons of respectability, both in Oxford and at Exeter. And, With classical abilities and
taste, (to which Mr. Conon, though an excellent linguist, had no pretensions) he succeeded
to the care Of no more than twenty—seven
boys. That the situation of a school—master requires all the
philosophy of an enlightened mind,
will be readily allowed. Such philosophy was here constantly exerted.
With that cultivated and re— fined
understanding, which naturally gives the preference to genius, he never
remitted his attention to the dullest
boys; andi though quick and Susceptible, he had the full command of his
temper. That he has acted as a
magistrate with equal credit to himself and his connections, is not so decided an opinion. But if, in some
instances, his conduct, as a member Of the corporation Of Truro, incurred disapprobation. it the
disapprobation Of those, who viewed the trans. • actions the borough with an eye Of
prejudice. And chiefly to this Circumstance has been Owing the decline Of Truro-school. Yet even
those who thought differently fröm himself,
never accused him of inconsistency. His first living, that of
Uni-Lelant, was a sumcient proof Of
the favour Of his diocesan. And the rectoiy Of St. to which he was lately
presented by Dr. W ynne, in the mmt
liberal manner, does equal ho-nour to them both. The father Of a numerous Brnily, a great part of whom
he has placed in respectable situations; • and. possessor Of a considerable fortune, for
the acquisition Of which he has to thank himself only V, he has now retired to his rectory. t It on
the 16th Of July, 1805, that Dr. Cardew
resigned his school. t And Mr. Hogg, a layman from Scotland, Who had
been elected his successor,} was invested
with the magisterial ensigns, under the smiles of a large majority of •
Dr. married Exeter Miss Warren, Till
or twelve Car&w received Old price of only. two Of thc Of •t such lessons
10 to their into a urn,
Advr•niement, from Mr. erected
by to the Dr. Caråcw, mcgt msrctFully
the pblic, that after the mgdsummex .
Noo&y thc of • Washing,
Servants. Educuion, Roman ancient Em u ance
Dr" ing ng. lish Grammar.
Modern GcO• the the Elements of to
TO learn Music entrance
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LANGUAGE,
r.tTrn,vrrntt, • cf corp•rate. That,
from that moment, Truro-school was no longer to be deemed a classic seminarr, was sufficiently
apparent; since Hogg'S plan of intermixi:.g
with philological learning, and approved. For be it from me to depreciate the "'sa•.hematics :
yet To sce Truro-school converted icto an academy, {however useful an academy may be) cannot
but give pain to these, whose cia.qsical taste or was formed or festered there; and
frequently looked eo their an-
.CestorS deriving instruction from a pagett, a Grenfield, an long, think, Mr. Hogg will so far consult his Own
dignity, and that Of the school over which he
.has che hoti0uc• Of presiding, as to give a determined preference to
classical It is my ardent wish, that
he may leave, to posterity, this venerable seat of the Muses, Still still uverelj great f" In a list of
young gentlemen educated at Truro-school, begun, I believe, When Mr. Conon Erst took the
superintendence, I find the names Of William Veal, Samuel Enys, James Tonkin, Svete Nicholas
Archery Edward Goodere Foote, William Tonkin,
Jun. Edmund Donnithorne, Humphrey praed, Henry Foote, Edmund Pridcaux,
Charles Osier Prideaux, Joseph Hussey,
Benjamin Prideaux, Henry Usticke, John Trewren, William Lemon. (father
the three beq of Thirty atnum, to two
gentlemen educated this School, their entenng at Colk•gr, Mr. H. has
taken a whith in excellent repair: and
h'Ehiy calculmt•d for Ihc accommrxiatinn of and a'trntion their health, and 'her
moral'. the a wanted to in teaching
tbc intended for • soon after, Royal
gazette, a letter, signed which had •nevident
to justify of It the Of a In hr) Engli
authors are more and cicgaot, tha•' those o! .n,d Geometry.
naviga;.on, and "every grammarian
No method Of enquiring after can to
the drawn from being inldi•bly true. "—Wot&'ful Wc roten him
to builders. •ud letter followed
by •g Mr. inform, to begin. Course of
and Experimental m;- Ltcture Firr will
be gvvco Friday thz lcgophv. after 'he
vac•non. instant, Even in the Gentlemco" tickets for Course ditto
Single Lectures. to NO mg-de
fty gentlemen of school—A primed during the holiday'. A Greek and Roman Literature thr of a b*val ;
and shrwn. 'he is never more l•aSle to
depraved. than when the noble languages antiquity neglected. science i. allowed its due share of importance, in the
improvementof •he mcm•i it must bc regarded is of eon• sideranon to vanous partsoi hterature. The
the undertaking is to afford the unity
'0 practical knowlege to exhibit a few Of the improvements that h.vc accrued
to the arts of tion. rcccnt
discoveries in barn-hes Of Philosophy and to shcw 'hat literaturcand may hand in hand, in the Oi 'he bc In that
fnendly ucKOtion more ail written, agdceaaialy ; bad 00 (I presume)
Mt. Phil. |
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CHARACTERS,
OP conxwazr„ 67 (father Of Sir Addis Archer, Thomas Vivian,
(late Of Cornwood), Nicholas Archer,
Bulkeley Mac. Praed, Richard I lilt, peter Jackman Foot, Richard Spry,
(the admiral. believe) John Foot,
Samuel Foot,+ Edward Archer, Philip and Francis Spernon, Edward Giddy,t Stephen •rippet, rhomas Polwhele, (father
of the Vresent writer) Thomas Hawkins.—lt contains only 129 names and the last is Edward
Bishop; but there are no dates Of the time Of their entrance. Of this school also, Dr. Andrav,
Colonel Sir Edward Bart. Here
Williams, Cc) Greer, Of Trewarthenic, P. for Cornwall, Francis Solicitor Vivian, [e] Lo•wry, Arthur,
Grenfell and others Of his family, •
Praed. Esq. Truro school, and for Out Of the
Vis a man of and 'Orne W't. I cou:d repeat several Of Mr. Pred, enect
Of FOO'e's: Butas wercof a forbear.
Mr. P. at Bath. ata very advanced +
The comedian; of whom sane biographical atrcdotes (not yet published) are
reserved for a subrquent page. The
rev. Gidd , Of Tredrea, of Davies M. p. went from to Christ Church, Oxford. There 'his cl»sical
•tt»nmrnt• wc re 'especte arid rewarded i thouu.•h he travclicd up from
a school in Cornwall; the head. of
Christ Church come down Westminster. Yr', o" there symptonsof pique and uf .prejudu•e in
'he poise he received from Dr. Sharpe, Greek To hor•.our of Truro-school. but to the
disgrace of Dr. th.' Shame to Christ
Church, not one good theme been through a e term. but from a Cornish
boy and a Mr. Giddy Vas thc Cornish
boy. Colman, the translator of Terence, one the Mr. Giddy is ooc of 'be Of county, and has beeo considered, for
ti•vc twenty years, an raj Dr. (1mes
Fellow of Exeter-college, D. D. Prebendary Of bonin the of lean Say e Of my awn knowlece ; long b2fore
my he left the on one and sometimes on
Hr singularly to h" resigning several pteccs of character, uncommon. When met him, in old
his relation, the Andtew's. at in his
manners and He •hewed me some of Old schOOi
exercises: he red t hem with rapture. f of preaching, and I lent my "c was to
; and, not in cornphrnrnt to myself
but my county, (simply •0. am vrrsuaded) he honoured mc wnh more of his than eliteneu to his host, M'. Ån.dtew,
could have •ustified. With feelinv. it he that he went Cornwall (for thither he to preach at de
Truro-school mecuog, cruoyiog as pare dciight, as ever Kbool.boy Lieutenant-General Macarmitk. governor
Breton, silver medals to thor young gentlemen
Vho excel in elocution. At the ave two stewards, chaplain, and two gcudemen My memory if, When not placed in seat With
Hope and and If, on Mr. Canon'. with
the ferula (with which he usedoften to the enl) I power Of sympathcuc Of Of S', Ewe, [dl Francis Jenkins, the prernt Worthv
vicar of did hononr to memory together
With Had he been d.sposed to he certainly
himself. of Horace happily by renk•us. an evening-exercise, once • Ira for us all, a Without exercise: such
a mode creditahte to the ru mind,
hetR„ were on such occasions, discoverable.—Mr. Jenkins was never , goa to by la wc Contentment, quiet, rural friend', pr%ressave approving e Mr. Fi•viaB Will recur to the in the |
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AND the Kempt!Ærne, (n] And at die time, when it Was not unfashionable to send young
gentlemen to the university, immediately from a country school ; Cornwall saw her scholars,
both at Oxford, and at Cambridge, posscst of more sound learning than those Who made their
boast" Of royal seminaries. Though the number Of scholars, (in the most flourishing times
scarcely reaching one hundred, and, in the least auspicious, seldom reduced to forty) were brought very
low at the time Of Dr. Cardew's resignation Of the school, from several causes combined With
that already stated, but by no means injurious to the master's reputation ; yet the attendance Of
gentlemen ae anniversary school meeting, on every second Thursday in September, is not less
numerous and respectable than in former years. M. D. now resident •t rapidity very
qui&, and equally wonder there: a
•Ahich is now wb:r'rd I •n the vortex uf ma.'. b' up an.•i when Wingate and M•cburtn shall
disappear. bavc always bard Of John Arthur. Of Little hive mueh to if
to in praise Of merit, Vere no! to run
the of modest Arthur •ad myself War: In riv•
the never in to contrnd Arthur:
be no where hrs equai. Memory. however, often W" a determined 'o to happy 10 Same
Pascoe M. p. Of her : He .Æi)
The late 'obn Carl"". of St. ; late Fellow of Pembroke-hall.
Cambiidgei 01 St: ; and Carbon, of Admiral Kempthorne, of Hclstorr. [ Martyn, fellow Of St. Ca@bridge. Of Marten. and tinguished in the at educated in Batten,
be invidious to their exact la Abc of Op.. .nd reverend Tregeno• recur Corn ah Humphrey Professor Of Chemistry Royal i man
Of genius, (at appear ) a very • The-re ninety-nine boys, but to bigbesc w" umety : bc to sixty 'be
average. The at Truro Grammar at the
rrx»m, eleven in the forenoon, prexeed
theocc to church. a se•mon preached on 'he divine number of young for the presented by General Macarmick —The
eompny then and d.ne, three 'he or
Red-non Inn—Those who thmk With me. that the
mccrin is the besl of heart. not displeased With the a ermon 'be honour Of preachmg co my old
boolfcilows in 1788, and which Was ut their 'equeut TO -Wilh oar are instructed to enter into
our c loset%and be There are "'me seasons. where wrh ouv
hearts in m produce effects no beneficial.
WhiUt Coaunuuoo vub God, i' u bosom into |
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LTERARY
CHARACTERS, or CORNWALG 69 And I very happily for v the •hen viewed i.' Iotm. meeting toxether ia
the place Of their education, may of
'o of reason, and to ihc We up
together, • • lh,• of if 10 may to
amend our and to in. guence our oi and
s.mphcayareso that we made Oi school comp those Of more friend'.) are
• ou,• are themselves, to up the scenes Of youth, to
gt•vp that felicity which tn•y
despiay. thc o: juven•ie satisfaction, are locked up, to be Ob*ned It ts if to accuse, suffer; if they can
a"'ibute of their else tbc on
Cares, or ibe distresses which are by
to of the is frequent"', f.•ar.
livelinessof forma:ity, opeunes,
enchanting Of by our Cwnmt:rce the seiåsh the mean. The which we acquire, poiats to ot
and amidst a worldth't to O/'r arc
who, while they a prudent are
the" untainted Alter general review of our the most obvious subjects 'ht• yean. lu recollecting
these. joyfully assist one wc a of
recreM10ns wh'vh sctvcd to enliven and refresh It, and •o drspog for those severe which pursue. In
consideratg the past, it us to with
For Can our When we Were children (as the
We : away childish
things." 10 thi", Wc have doac But h,.vewe in exchange for tho•e
childish thinks? not Of are over, and our d"'0isscd, we apt 'o
be gratiGtd by d•vusIOns which ill become men- dissipated, wh:cb Ottupy SO much of
Ca" scarcely bc oppvd With a glow Of Com. to the little p.stimes Of our The timcand
the rum of the constitution. and the
of reputation, are 'he rcpavcd consequences of Our manlier In such
cases, the mind sinks down with the de.
bi'i:ated often lost tn enca by no Other emotion than that Of or despair. Butto on this point Would be
petiect'y unseasonable: wculd only hic.t to the use of diversions, by rcfcrhngyo•a to moray of Our Knag-fotvkt•n
They to oar minds ; 00ttoengrO"
our The,' *ere to with such agreeable sensations as might relax the seventy
of our employment; to our or wound our
And if, in ytÄingcr yo". a fcw harm•
v: amusements, ton much
intruding upon time, might so •o become alarming internxptions; how much Oukht wc todread that pleasure, wh'Ch mov
now break in far more •rd render Of
That Only. think, Can Who Elf to be
Educed from his by levities. is the bane Of his P.ctu'e, then, the Of unrestruncdcxccucs—of lawless deviations
from the right path. on more extensive Gcld0f human had remarked that very tenches to which we were Once may
be the memorialist' of classical pursuits.
But they may us, Frhaps toa of whilst they of our
school-companions whom we had so often
conversed Or in but who many years far removed out Of sight. They may to us fleeing Of a numerous train.
whom Wc imixrfccdy Whoe•cm to to our
memory. Of many. indeed, wc barely rec.) names, W•th no idraor their persons
; oi lost every trace. Among so a
numtxr, hov few are lefi within our reach! how 'cry few, though
inclination p.ompt eosrtber, mea their
foends on a day Which hatb bccn long known to however d'.tanr, set apattfor our granulations. Wbata vanety
destinations, characters, and fates, even those who distinctly contem amidst the mau of accident, the
trials Of temptation. 'he or time Some we may obsejve ; been drawn the Of un; and Who, havee»ly died,cut Of in Ibe
blcv»m of amidst hope'. and More
particularly, Ve may enumerate the friends our youth. h.ve been Innk
srp.tatrd throax•h un— .vo•d.ble have
expired without Our comfort or or who •he Of
fricndship! A very i"tle thus to shew us a 'ting prture of
mutability Of human human We Of
'o we are to our affections frum
earth—to set hearts on trnsitory When •e
that diversuy of to old amidst 'her mandold vicissitudes, wc no feel bitterness malevolence or envy; but,
all uncha:itable kiodly•afectioncd our
fellow-travellers«ndcavouring to console and sustain them a ,vtlgrimagr and trouble, mutually forgiving cme
another. even for Christ's wke, forgn•en And when we re many and tbtough 'he feebleneu of
a example, pnnoplesøf to bnng them
back two the nght had some kind LOtd,
'be |
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70 LARGVAGB, LITERATVRE, AKD man—who on Of 'tin Vithin us endeavour to discr.g•g" Ourselv:s,
as mech 'he •round by when we world.
Ma' consolation, that vr h•vc wc
nevercntcrcd into h.pptncss, •nat 'he
talent i0r 'be •0 yet 10 our our And
may we eve'. •n 0m bc to have rejotccd
svm •hized With ttmr We have never
f'k•nd out For pregnt, 'o thc of
rocctir.g, fuliof •n .ifcctionate [Or one
frxnds. us day to blameless conversation, to cheerfulness and harmony.
Ard we With let us run fojgetorr
another; that God Almighty Will preselve for
for our juvenile and for is
bere Orationes in Schola Tnmonensi,
Ill. Id. Sept. MDCcCVJ. hal'endæ, pro Numismati&us Solennibus qua
tritu alumnis digniorilus, GVL. Armiger,
humanisse donat. Reveren. JOAN. a 'g.CTis.
Broad, Satanas Pynmus Ct Adherbal .d Romanum Jugunba regna fortunisque Omnibus ; Senatum
chdem Hannibal decem jure
juratEåO Romam ut aurum •n re&mpti— 01Rm Oratio capuvorum Rom•• dkcudi fecerunt ut sibi
red&rent , T. Manlii
Torqu•n. ; Hymnus Pandas interempto, magru Adßem Ulyssem coatentio Mu e", uter 'psorum
illius armis ; ÆdZJ ad ——10 •atmo ut limes vietorias, et , cum mtlnum ann., vehementi utitur Curti•
Cap. Prebum „Milto..
Edmnd•$ Carmen Augustum In qua maximusq ; pnoce'* min collubtur i W. Turner. Marcello, civili PomFium
*curt" : veniam Cesare ias egi%
laudavit. xcedere Ri'bardJ. rrtf'røil,
Card"' E. Turner, Caro ia |
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LITERARY
CHARACTERS, op CORNWALL 71 school at Penryn, Of which Carew speaks,
has sunk into insignificance. •—But Of Mr.
academy, near Penryn, I have heard a very favourable report. -t—Mr.
who succeeded Woodford in the vicarage
Of (then valued at eighty pounds a year, four hundred) kept a grammar-school in that parish. And
he hasl the honour of educating some of the first gentlemen Of Aubyn, Basset, Vivian, and
Others.—A grammar-school, at (for the
support Of which twenty marcs a year were given by its founder) cannot be
said, perhaps, to have flourished at
any time, if the number Of be our Standard Of judging. has continued, for years, to preserve a languid
sort of existence. The school-room, failing into decay, Vas lately taken down, and a Very
commodious bunging erected on the old scite. Of the gen- demen educated there, were Dean Pearce, and
Sir Christopher Hawkins, Bart. under the rev.
Edward Marjball, vicar of Breage, and brother to the late master of
the grammar-school at Exeter. The
present worthy and diligent master, the rev. Mr. Stabback, was successor to
the rev. Mr. Otter, late Fellow of St.
John's College, Cambridge. I have named three men, of great merit, but distinct in character ; the
first, (in the true sense Of the word) a gentleman, singularly attentive to those lesser virtues, the
proprieti", possessing a high sense of honour, grave in his manners, dignified in his deportment. He
was a man Of few words; but all he spoke Vas
reason." so much to the •and so happily turned, was every
sentence he uttered, that a word in
season how good is it," was in him fully illustrated. A quaint expression
from his lips had all its effect. In
his writings, (his letters rather than his sermons) there was a
neatness— g naivetté peculiar to
himself. His stock Of learning respectable; and though, many before my acquaintance with him, he had
discontinued the reading of the classics, he could quote from them without an effort, when occasion
offered. But the tenaciousness of his memory was as nothing, when compared with the
soundness Of his judgment; which, however striking in conversation, was not less apparent in the
conduct of life. Yet he vas not austere; he knew ghat it was, desipert in I could go on for
pages ; but I must not. In fine, the husband of a keenly-sensible, and well-informed lady, 5
and the åther Of threeu beautiful and amiable
daughters, • lard', to the
Of the Of • in were to by the
frum t , Penryn. the •d Grech ; Writing. the Of 'be Twentv-five langO%e, by approscd abilities. included in above John April. buried •o Feb. 1746. He wu
brother of latc Dr. Jago, Of Mr. first
Mire. bere Mig William vicar Of St.
and place first ßndemcn in I MO married to Mr. Of Mirrbe•d ; to Mr.
St. ; 'o |
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72 LITERATURE, AYD daughters, he lived to a good age, revered
and beloved. It is pleasant to Speak fivourabry character with the cc:uciousness our panegyric
is just : but it is more gratifying so speaW
with the assurance that ail will join us in our praises. And never,
perhaps, was any One courted admired,
by both sexes, and by people Of all ages, than Mr. Otter; whether they converged in the drawing-room, or listened
to his persuasive eloquence from the pulpit.
His fine and manly person, cieg•am address, and poiished taste, raised
him superior to the task of
instu•ucting littie boys, in a Country school and to govern his
youthful vivacity, Was heavy task upon
the vigilance of reason." To the present master I hive already given an
epithet that implies much. Mr.
Stabback came Gom Exeter, with credentials which his subsequent conduct has completely justified. Careful
and kind, anxiously devoting his time to his profession, his heart is there. And Of his labours, he
deems the affection Of his scholars the agreeable reward. His doctrines from the pulpit, are
strictly conformable to the articles Of the church England : and his mode of recurring to circumstances,
illustrative of the Christian character
those who died in the Lord," bas been, in some instances,
peculiarly happy.—At Redrtdb was, not
long since, instituted an academy, which the gentry Of the town and
neighbourhood were much disposed to patronise.
A good room was built for the accornmodation of Mr. Hogg and his pupils. t The pupils exhibited
satisfactory specimens of their The
tutor delivered lectures" in philosophy, to ladies and
gentlemen." And ladies and gentlemen
Were eager in applauding his perspicuity," his entertaining his
extensive •apparatus." $ But Mr.
Hogg, just shewn and snatcht away" was translated to Truro.—At apprehend there is a free-school.5 In
adverting to other seminaries, I should overstep the boundaries assigned to me. married to • fortur, opp«t'uities, the or
roi&oce, of mixing with +
Certainty nid tint many of school-rmms Vere little Serember, 180%.dSoonaiter Mr. See the Truro , the Rev. a. Layer, A-B. oe Church. a gentleman Of gocxi an unsuccessfu
c•ndidatr for thr OF school, w.'
elected • the Redruth acaden•y. In Mr. Laffer's is 'f following arc mph v. Mathematic'. Arithmetic French,
Drawing. The Of are annum for ; if any
brand to Arithmetic; To • teach P
'—The concluding is tm for 0t too cloudy for
"e thing," WYS Phu:atorius. But I must not meddle With It
is a instance, 1 0" "IV
heart faded me: left in fond Hannibal
the (a) These, hoveyer, (as dui*eret
for deEet) typographical where the
youth are instructed in by the and
usher, Vbo salary, • nd ate by the c
p always to their knowlcbe.'i Travellcr, p. g. t know
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CHARACTERS,
or CORNWALL. Of the 73 z
A N c E. The Rev, S. solicits, from tie
*eedocationofynath received. ymmg the most branch. Of The be to improvement in the English
Latin languages, Merchants' Account'.
Readmg•, and Proruna•tion— The Will have Of practical L•.uureson Geog.-aphy the and acct"
instructive Thor Mr. S, Of t}rir mav
bc assured 01 regard to 'heir health, their mental attainments, 'be Dated J. n. 8, t donation. for the Illrpsesof instruction,
occur in following S'. Ive, Lin k inhomo St. Scephcns, Launceston, Stoke—ciimsha St. Germans, Land
St. 5001. given to erect
since. East •L MR. t 784
1753 1747 1710
133 1787 Pro-but (a
St Anthony, in Mcncg, Mullion,
a by Eriscy, Enry, expired with the family.
Penryn, Hilary. van,
von. M sr. non, i 782
i 774 '753 See at Tbidy a MS. co Of returns made 'o
for the County of Of the reign Of Geo.
1786. The authors of Britannia" notice few of thcse Sr. where arc
twelve eight girls taught and cnuhed.
Gramp•uund, where there o a •endowed twcuty pounds year, by a who has a." ar.nuity ot hundred a
scar, towards the Of four Other are
«hool. lor children Of The to read and
the 'C, make they to for •v given a
and With t. the 'n St. the a in Of: April, to taiutster, chuachwarden, and be to my in recurring to Bat prh(ess he re few oi the D.•voni.n In "*5, the
cathe— and bunt bigh the Of tar the
education youth. and a fur a house his
ad' to the said erected, and a allowed
him. In 1661, at 1b': Of Williams, the schoolmaster, the said and by voluntary contribution. i•ishop
Cotton. thc dcath of the old the of
one to the eh'mbcr; Who recomtnerding one Mr. petryman. a mas•.r•) he •r be at Exeter crectcd in
16ge, bl mayors. and The rev. Who Was
one of the canons of the cathedral. '0
the use Of this khool in consequence of h. op•ning was from it into
contiguous whcrc the book. placed.
Rainddl, (prcdccc»or who pubbsbcd conjugation-book, i. |
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LANGUAGE,
LITERATURE, AND to the In the prefre
to this hook, should be early and
never 1789. The the grammar be held at
•ravcra, in Of Exeter, On Oi Intend to
arc requcstedW one of the of ba on fur
the or by anv gentleman educated the recommended by of the prcscnt members. SIX'Ct will meet at
the school-room, at o'clrxk the immediately go 10 the chapel, the boys, co annual adjudged,
gecate curnponuotu. Short,
"v. • Ohn Churchill. Rev. R. Hate. nom Flindell's Free master Of the earlv Of tie that the terms for 'he schooling Of boys,
admitted after the ensuing Midsummer will
will include the extra charges, together With present. whtch have
always bccn the master •od Chii•tmas.
The house contains fort boys. and each boy is
bed. Approved master', in every branch of will attend the sc The free—Khool at founded by Peter Blunder.
a y clothier of borough ; in the year 1604,
gave two thousand the Of lands, EX Oxford Cambndge, to elected from thn sehcol. Since Mr. time. the trustees of •ddc•d two
to 'be number, and Sidney Cambridge ;
and to each of scholars And, its
revenue is •uemcnted, Ibe trustees grant exhibitions to Other go front to the Eve, to Others tro annum. o' 6vc
years, '0 agreement. The of Blundell's
&hml. Tt the first the school
built, in Ve have no than Samuel
Bull", •hoapsrar• to have have officiated a length OF time Gar Hume, of resigned theend of Sheen
years, onaccount of — W dham Rayner.
He said to have Eren Well skilled classic learning. an excellent m »ter_, and
lot Stnct diKipGne. The so much in
time. that an became necesury to htm 'n the
resFctable scholars Vere bred under his tuitim. He died in the
master's atnrttnents at the schml-house,
32 and Of church, A. • A peter
born at Tiverton, in not, be *ere in
very and htmscif. whea Obliged to earn his blad by looking alter carrier's
horses, and mean cm But natura:ly Of •
•urn, hc collected. by slow degrees, a
; a earner so as to it to Landon for bim gratis. and him the Of the
rerum. He lens got enough 10 "dc
a horse, With which he to Lond(.m h•nwulf; Wherc h" spint of application procured him employment among
manage'S of the k•rsey• trade. In short, be Was. in a fev years, able fortüne, in his of business. Hence his
that transmit hi. name to and for ever
his industry, "d Others pay compliments to but the manner in his he perhaps, raised, hi, But we arc not the motives Oi an
individual, to whom his country IS indebted for the benefactions, and Whom revcrc with
gratitude. The of the trustees
founder. in hrs last win and fur are as fallows: Sir Popbam, Lord
Ch't•f E Henry in 'ihr of to
added, following for the most Of Iohn
West. set'. Humphrey Coleman; John
Edward Amev•. Nicholas Skinneri George Richard SBI'way; Richard
Prowse; John West, jum peter
Robert•Chiicot. Cummyn; Dymao; John peter Tanner; R er See; William and Arthur The to these •n
i*cmpseven) and their The master's
yearly salary:" fifty Wd the usher'. but twenty m s, (now rwrnty Mr.
Blundel allowed good revenue the of
the and its apixnd.vges. Mr. Blundell also
to 10Vatds the emecting Of at'01hcr English, and directed to taught. from his may Worth", p. 90. But pp. |
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in
m.ny b in that ; boy. the time 0th
He tenevolcnt man : h v the recorded.
He tb.• of Kre in which ht.
v •w few A. M. He stud.-ot oi
years Wegmin•te• pones given this a
voy by he represented to b.ve teen Krupulouslv of *int •n'egr't and • simplicityof b' r . ana F'Ozn opinions •od is dßuh to c.tima•e . h.
impartially. long in Wuunm.tcr h?ly
probable he H 6, 'n 'he year and
Tiverloov Whoe monumental •tnoc to h" mg
Ht of uvon various subJrcts, Which were a qui"to Of 4'20 in the Yeat 1736: of these •re Winy .nd
otben on *'ious and exhibit the mcntS
and turn Of the author" mind. He elder to John oneoi 'he the Dadd', A. M. not tall thi year, thougl
he bad as little timc Mr. d,a.h. •o'
bmn at West in and educated College, Oxford.
a feli0*. He esrerned a classic and an attentive The boys Were •o nume dunng a great Of time, IS to make •o in the
higher tcmbxr. manners. ret,red
Caivglcigh. Åugust. peter'. chu,ch.yatd,
Defence, pruned Loudon, The
letter from Dt , Mr. 10 colt.
BGr.ho, Hon. s' r. Gratitude the of Nature. and lest I violate
'hat ever sacred, lay the you. There
are, Sr, In t h' world. who ccmfinc their rd' self. or thc own 'here are (h'ppy convinces me) Who
command their to enlarge and exerc on
situate, by iortuuc To you. Sir. boncx•r Of encomium. to me. Of in the
this belore you, of 'be in this oi ; for I consider myself there gems a resemblance expkx*d Of in
which, Sr. know) the heavenly bodies
revolved tbc which was rendered complets•ly bie»cd by the Of c
am lost In endeavouu a suitable of my obl- thanks eerns I know, Sis, •bon very thanksof the like the sutl in its
spleodLÄir, which tbeeye o to admire That Heaven may reward and Mrs. With bcst favours, and is
my d•ity fervent payer; aud it
great at your aty TO Reu Mr. Daddo, M. With repntion. 'bat, Mrs Vas elected HC was cm•ocnt for classic
learnin and, ueder hi' care the a
temper, benevolent the raged. He which *cured gerrr•i 'icy of •rid officiated u m.mgenof faithful service of and owing Of
to • Winterborn in Vas and Of
Exeter• left a very family children,
•rncA Ver., 1. g.metime ugh-cr and, at
Of his death, Novembe 6. Of Tivertou-xtml. Q.
metlx.xh't preachers. 4. authorof several in the
volume Of Samuel, master of Tivcnon-schmi, the of an cue!
entitled' The Banlc tbc .nå humourws
tala, Fixed, togcthcr with ocher Fms, by him, u. in 1735, in See Bowyer. p. Mr. Of bis Mr. Exeter, and there died many Leavi child.
who afterwards married to Mr. DSO
inscri ionon his ret GubeimuD•ddo, At
Tiverton church burled William in
quond•m Bat' cui digaiuce |
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76 LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, AND Cire, Mr. resigned in the Of in buried in the chancel Of S'. Peter's
church. widow accted an elegant marble a
his memory.—177S. Richard M. e Was elected year. Bs x For foundang a •n Otttry: John Has'don ptocured
letters V ill. school. been in great
undev —Colcridge (inher a man Of mental
he himself to the languages ; and having wept, to for the Of attaining a muter Of the he
Lann grammar, a D'ssert•non on
&c.'• He wasa Of hi' contemporary.
the and gather more With his ptofcssvoaal character, devoted to Aristotle. The lane' had
somecotrcspul'dcnce him, 'f I am vigbtly
many illustrations Ot Aristotle. Aristotle and Plato Vere ev•cr his
particularly Stagynte. Wbom he
intended to introduce to his Countrymen in an English dreg. At S'. about of I he town. a Presbyterian acuiem•'v that
flourished about yc•vs ago. Oa the Lavin ton,
relation Of Bishop Who OVrr it. the academy TO the grammar-school,
at appointed, •bout the year the
William a deserved every encouragement, if the report that judge of molt. N•jor Dr.—ax, may
credited. The at Barnuapte. has
estabhshedabout three centuries, the 'hat were there. Such were Of Salisbury, author Of the Eccles* and his
theological antagonist, Tb"taJ Hardmg,
Professor at Louvain; the Aaron Hi"/ : Dr. Musgrave; and Dr. The
education oi Gay. Who born in the
neighhoarhood Of i" 1688, was confined to school. It be imbibed his
taste for literature, It should SCCm
at Bideford. Carly the century. as in the front Of the present school—hour re an inscription, that the rebuilt again
by corporation in Darracott being Was
repaivea, With the Of brick front, in 1785, •t the exvrnr Of 'he bt'dge. Mrs. at cndOi lhe
last Centu , for its endowmrnt• Thesabry
to the Fl. annum. for. he to tr.•ch ten boys, appointed corpration.
The master I Can M. ingenious. and
divine. He removed from Bidefurd to Plymouth.
about 1735, and vicar of St. Audrew in H" abilities sulEcic0Lly
apFar for a 'bat happy scenes! the heaven of sacred dome. Where ot praise My M to her
chiefly thou. vyeceptor par ron
G'tidc of my years! wh0k febtehng care
First taught my knee Wisdom's •brine to bend ; For. Oft has Wisdom hard the pray'r! Hail. second parent of my Accept Of the melting tear. Though from my hart time a treasure Fond Memory guarded dice love sincere. T rnslorling which I view N. Y. 1793•
TO the the I insert the following :
BLUNDELL.'s SCHOOL. LON.—Tbc of the gentlemen educated the be held at the Three on Thaad.)' thc of
Auwt, thccone•ny of any oi 'bc un
bonour. Steward'. Ohn Esq.
Rev. Fo„lkes. Esq. Rcv. Dinner On table at thief. •t Of he tbe Parr.
Stewards, , NOV. 1775, died
Rev. Of end in ihi• RCtOt in He •nntcr
of the bee in and a Of m county of
DcVOA. |
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LITERARY
CHARACTERS, op CORNWALL 77 For the Completion of our education at the
university; • I think, Cornwall and Devonshire have, in general, preferred Oxford to
Cambridge, and in Oxford, Exeter-college co any other. Prince, informing us that Dean Cary became
a member of Queen's-colle;ö O*ford, in 1628" • remarks, that it was a thing somewhat rare
for those of the westtrn parts to be sent that northern society. Yet this was done,
undoubtedly, (says he.) with great prudence, either for the excellent discipline therein observed,
or for that he, so far removed company
-might the better follow his That Exeter—college should, from its foundation
and rev. A. M. •u a at
Creditor, twelve Welc by trom Queen A at
•n radian', writing, is estate (hat '7,-7 ht'v a At there a by Ibe rev. Who A f6nd hv Mr. Of Exeter. A' vr•ry bv pillars, of the of gave 2,300b. for Devon, oi ewul 'hose which I There arc
• conversation. a at barber, to
our than The be barber) cavy up •t full
Come down See Worthies, p, this
subject, (equal to whom in bath St•en
few) thus speaks in ietter to the author: cannot help 'hat not of your own Not mean by Or keeping up a those whom yon know Or to pa" vourdayg. Far from Only you in
the University. to pass o' 'hose; which
One Of ; set of would open
iH•ia to know- of men anti and would
be most method Of ar an libergi turn
tlunki"s•, we'l as aenng; it byanv means with and which '-e
either necessary O' lobe k'.•pt •n. 6,
thus Church. If he has to recommend
hint. I never bat such an might bc
into the 'Ociety Inshovt,a and scholar. God accc•.txblc• stamp; bat if •s the One nor he to bc With
who ate thes like your oi'jecuon 'o
will sui!iaent to that care-ge is for ynn,
from {hat qyrrter.—But they herd together, and of do nnt any of their what to W not g vol. lhcre od to come after
that—besides, and what I ten you. I
sve•akoi my own might add, there is in which more is commonrrs One where mv time, and it not mended since, may believe a of me. in
t':e• of he has had but On: It is from
tutor, (not 't in over about 30 F one
Of to The following from Dr. my worth
talhcr for aa anecdo'e or two of Mrs. Macaulay,thzn his to choice Of sty,
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78 LANGVAGE, LITERATCJtE, foundation t. its present state, have been
the resort of gentlemen from Cornwali and Devon, voald, in the first be presumed, from its western
fellowships and exhibitions.' Of late years, the Stg,
cannot omit it first you. that you
any Vl•erc It years thc univccs•ty.
at Christ I o•xn to the coikge
Of great Westmimttf, Eton, We They tb•nk those in ate much more so than they in to to contempt for those •ho have not a theve•, but tutor's father, is
of Cypus 'Ld worthy man he is. as any
in the univ.""" •na have heard good character ho it to
you make way to to see you, and introduce you to great •ud we,rrhy friend Mrs. u ho returned
h" by person' of rank. the thx',
cV.•r irfute to 'rts.-on. And you perhaF,
"uprised in a government, ail and in degree Of 'bt "berry; your and it jnuch; and ready to dedicate it bet. b. name be kept
us a profound If you would iew hours
with at an your W.•y to Can be said could in
hour, for your direction. and. •out setting out a Of life, in Which
so nunv fatally their fame and hbatyou
a great share Of is the sincere your
friend. , Barb, THO. WILSON. 78,
time. betutiful print Of be pub.
p. S. Her from the Revolution the li,hcd by Mr. Crutwcll Muaday; and. if and
be aay tcccnnmcndacion. i: will bc
read admircd. • bishop of
Exeter, and Lord h Tre:surer Of England. Of Annen•, in works of his oerous ptcry (fays Prime, p.
etermsc hi' of Mankieigh) nourished
abl_nt year 1307. in Of fame; bis
founding and endowing Of and college at
his own name Inn, krwwn by the denominattonoi his Lille. A most flit;tful g•mioary learning, Which has
many famous. and both in Church and
st.ee, b any•otber of the dimension. Europe. college noble did not
cnly etcCt, but entieh with thirteen
fellowships. so many students therein, whereof tight were to out of
tbc of Exeter, Totrrs. in four out of
the uchck•aconry of Cornwall; and one, Who is to a and exercised in theology, left to thc of
the Chapter Of the church Of Exeter! as they please. 'i his came 'o be greatly •ugmented tx»th
in lands and by bounty 0' our man, Sir
William Petre." Sit W. native Of Tornewtan, in the partsb Of For-been.
He was a in learning; but not somuch
memorable for hormrablc Of State he
and for on embassage to foreign princes, (no less wvcn times) 'hat, being bred and brajght upin learning,
he well deserved Of learning in the univershy of Oxford: for be *ttlcd Exeter-college there. no than ci ht The* •re caucd Petrean fellowships. And
lhe (0 be elected mit Of Devon,
Somerset, horset. Essex. Other plEes Where Sit lands; 8'. for the duchargc thcrcof. And that
might enjoy 'he privileges Of ancient
ioandation. he give. by his last Will testament, to the college, a Of
401. besides Other 'its, His the A nn
pet re, g as much ; and his the Lord John Pe di d 'be like. Besides t he for
t bat a Of suing, ed immunities w formerly had been granted
to it. A Il whicb fell within the Sr
knight, who Was in the of reign Ot lover
of learning. is eff:gies in church
frays Prince) though it reyesents his clad in armo'.u, hand The rcicctory. or common-hall. Oi
Exeter-college hrge cellars underneath. Owe
entirely, to munificence; he *stowed than eight baaared them r a] The Of the rev•duéoo. |
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CHARACTERS,
OF CORNWALt„ 79 Dean Of Ely. Dr. Pearce, who presides over
Jesus-college, has dnwn many Cornish gentlemen to Cambridge. • have remarked two
improvements at O'ford, which seem to have
gradualLr the Of which
buildings g'" a hali morccha
than' .12 the former (scc pref. to his
Scrm. of Sir John an annual •upend the
of Wo scholars in Ibat house, for ever." p. 20. scc and • Of a few Cornish and Devons%iR gentlemen,
educated at Oxßrd and Cambridge. t bere subjoin to memory :
Bray. Dr. Stinton, Rev. Vivian. Th0ßas
David J. R. J. thu• Of
Exeter-college vete and mnv in Walter
Srat•frdon. ib"hopof Exe-to) foundcdand cmjowcd one the rame Th.. of birth, being a year's revenue of
('his rich) in Oi hi' He alw E)unded
io Oxford. But Oh the the eider and
bro;hcr. though to same father ! the one the Whole little more than left nnto him, as bere
this hall is altogether u:xnduwcd. 2,
This worthy unwonhy and untimcl death ten after. For being inhis.bgence. to govern the city London,
the (not without from the qåcer,)
bit-n. and Cheapside butrbcrcd him. and 'hen (as hoping 'O bury tbcir
murdcr h" heddlcd him into a
hole. But afterwards, co his ghost re stop the clam-our of the cler»•, the oldered the removing and inteningcÆ hi'
his (a va knight on the same accoun•) in
thr Of One would vmdcrthis in that age, Save bestowed was of civil emcernmcnt, not
relating religim• hou« hath since
found two first. Sit petre Of
principal secretary to four and queens. Orr Who in to msel , (got
a injurious to none. ever heard. Of)
but to emincnt\y to •his whereto be
Ecstowcd much and augmcnted it With eight fellowships. 4. The George• doctcrof divinitv. thereof,
married Children (most be quick and
fountain, •sh.ch a had such an gram ? ) bestowed mere budding beautiful i, he who wrote and Provwdrnce. proving that the world dec.y.
Manr the reading Vith prejud•ce,
without full cmvertrd to tbz opinion, by his unanswerable
arguments. of Queen 5. Thi' college const'tcth of Corrush and
men. the gent courtiers by their
birth, And as western men do bear away the b: might sleight in so here have uitted With credit in The rectors
o' ancicndy •Onual, here latter to
the RECTORS, •2 Gl"ier. g Tho. Rolland. 4 Ohn Prideaux. Conant.
Blsuops. John Of Worcester.
Winniff. Bishop of Edmund
Stafford, of Exeter. Mr. John Pi rum. man Of Exeter. Sir John Knight. . (besides
WRITERS. Dodder id Nah.
that lately therein were maintained, rector, twenty-three a bible
two Other Of Sce pp. xxx80
LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, ASD
geadually taken puce, not from any violent act of the reformers but
from the silent operation of good
sense: One relates to residence i the other, to impartial discipline. What is
called • term-trotting, is almost Cut
Of fashion i or only exists, from the mistaken idea that it saves Of Of Totnet; Franca Of Jenkins, vicar Of Rev. Philip and Rev.
John Cr•urtemy, late Of Exeter; Rev. Mr. Sir john
R. G. Of V M. Y. E.
Parker, F. Luttrei, Rev. Joho Collins;
Rev. John and Rev. John Moleswortb.
provost ; and Edmund Lane, Of Com•ct.
Sir 01 C Franca Basset, Of
bort. k 0 barb and Lord St. Joho
Si.•ino esq. R. N. • a letter to
a mend at extract a one Of | litde
company and part Of the between and Beth, I hid no Other companion but my aa bong) 01 posers
cotcrtaunmcnt than mostof my right 'o
at in Of in a in •x;th lilt, might
imagine portmanteau the forms Of Whatever
wail at try •ahcn Conversation moment.—yet the With. and J
'o •sketch of them; but not I a task,
in the Of I should must you, however, that met With a now •hat 'he miy•t Cecil", means an
0th lel:ow— was of a was wretched,
that he shared the bos our tlac• showers
of at a seat to h by ava'ice from of
an inside at an Inn, a for of
immense:y and dinner, or etnl•loyed in
through the Streets, to most dravrr,
of whose box yet a Of a so the.' deny use Of and wailer, in
a cui the com!o'ts you Will tell
me am a wish and Will be lhcre in an
instant. had my Both; me a Or of do
just wcll.— There you me, Who: as he
Coald be dreaded We you koou•. h.d to du you—What c/ •i were—but 't accident together—since wc
had 00 the as of 'hat din, the o as on Whorn wattcred it or any that
recurring to What a these might
produce, in the side, coaveretion |
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80 LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, ASD geadually taken puce, not from any violent act of the reformers but from the silent operation of good sense: One relates to residence i the other, to impartial discipline. What is called • term-trotting, is almost Cut Of fashion i or only exists, from the mistaken idea that it saves Of Of Totnet; Franca Of Jenkins, vicar Of Rev. Philip and Rev. John Cr•urtemy, late Of Exeter; Rev. Mr. Sir john R. G. Of V M. Y. E. Parker, F. Luttrei, Rev. Joho Collins; Rev. John and Rev. John Moleswortb. provost ; and Edmund Lane, Of Com•ct. Sir 01 C Franca Basset, Of bort. k 0 barb and Lord St. Joho Si.•ino esq. R. N. • a letter to a mend at extract a one Of | litde company and part Of the between and Beth, I hid no Other companion but my aa bong) 01 posers cotcrtaunmcnt than mostof my right 'o at in Of in a in •x;th lilt, might imagine portmanteau the forms Of Whatever wail at try •ahcn Conversation moment.—yet the With. and J 'o •sketch of them; but not I a task, in the Of I should must you, however, that met With a now •hat 'he miy•t Cecil", means an 0th lel:ow— was of a was wretched, that he shared the bos our tlac• showers of at a seat to h by ava'ice from of an inside at an Inn, a for of immense:y and dinner, or etnl•loyed in through the Streets, to most dravrr, of whose box yet a Of a so the.' deny use Of and wailer, in a cui the com!o'ts you Will tell me am a wish and Will be lhcre in an instant. had my Both; me a Or of do just wcll.— There you me, Who: as he Coald be dreaded We you koou•. h.d to du you—What c/ •i were—but 't accident together—since wc had 00 the as of 'hat din, the o as on Whorn wattcred it or any that recurring to What a these might produce, in the side, coaveretion
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LITERARY CHARACTERS,
OF CORNWALt„ 81 expence. • And, as to the claim Of young
men to an exemption from study, in virtue of a gold tuft, or velvet cap. the wit of our
facetious countryman, Feste, Seems to have lost its force, t TO Christ-church, I believe, it Was never
applicable. Whilst schools, for the
instruction of boys, can thus be traced back for many* generations; the female sex seem to have been left, almost
to simple nature, untutored and uninformed,vtill the With a quantity Kttle clse than a few
remarks on let distntss . T. and
my Which, u is not unlikely, of to my so Happy the prepared for my ia alt •red had 'hrrc
of a the Of evening. a very ext'.0'dir•ary mc;hod Of
for degree' the confers so and pomp a
eaten by substitute residence and it
pte•un'Cd, the gown of the bat a critcriun merit. Bat it is timc 10 my silk my round hat a
Square cap, a one." • The presentcnormous a education, will
*tcnded with good cffcct. if it prevent low
• from sendiE their
'hither—unless, great deal of mono—which is much the in I •wall,
where tin. fish, wd conkr," have rcsixc' of Hue, then, floun
amidst his guan, a un-cavaaa, may sun cast
eye on and the church : He
commoner One, bv or a gown, and vctvct Cap, Set from 01 his
Of a letter from London, to the improvement Of the county Of Cornwall," written CLIP. Corm.b.•nris, in 1681, choler
education Of youth." Thcre
i' (says to the Of my th.•.n to have
their gocxi naiivc Wit and cultivated
by a cduc;nioa. I propose to be bunt, One for males, anO'hcr for cm-alts, at distances, the middle of
county. the •south both sexes county
convenie"t, and I the
physic•gndens, whirl' 'n some lying by which the be few
thin;' in the which to You know, mv 'he the it •he
had. Yuw those children so very a
m ate tnor,cy out of tile county.
are Sent Ct to by • lamed
coiling. Now woul,l w' Of toy with but
the tendency it h the ar.:l and that be
to therefore, your be
cntrrtalr;ng all veuth, the Stone Oi
to of but take in by.•. i bonnet to
the the It to 'that tend to the i' lat it aa that Wc
wo-uid Of would ever scad up to to awi
to a We that such as yet have
01b; and as Would not rsavy their just
and Out Of a envy |
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82 LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, AND last ha'f a century. There were schools, it
is true, for girls: but they professed to teach very little, and taught still less. And if we,
now and then, observed a or a Ki/legreu, their talents and attainments were the theme Of
admiration. Of late, however, seminaries for the sex, have been instituted in almost every
country-town. And women have been deemed our rivals. One Of the first schools, for young ladies,
in Cornwall, was Mrs. Falmouth : But it
commenced, (little more than 40 years ago) without the profession of
regular instruction in those arts,
which are said to form the accomplished Lady. Miss however, successor to
Mrs. Winchester, has had music,
drawing, and dancing in her ten years after Mrs. Winchester'S appearance, was opened a
school a Truro, on the plan Of a London Barding school. rtf governess Was a sensible and
well—informed lady, Miss Mitchel, a daughter Of the Rev. Mr. Mitchel, who was vicar Of Veryan. Mitchel
had been herself educated at Chelsea. But
her exertions were not attended with the success which they deserved.
From her commodious house, in Truro,
near the bowling green, (»•here have resided Richard Hussey, Esq. solicitor
to the Queen, Henry Rosewarne, Esq. M.
p. for Truro, Dr. Gould, M. D.) she removed to that large builüng near the Coinage-hall, which is
now, partly, occupied by Flindell, the printer, and opens into the market-place. Thence, she
withdrew to Tregolls, conti$ous to Truro.
then the deserted Seat Of Mr. Thomas, now the property Of Admiral
Spry, Who married the sister of Mr.
Thomas. Gently ascending above the town, and wooded Fith forest and other trees,
this spot is pleasant in itself, and
from its prospect. FromTreg011s, Miss Mitchel (then Mrs. Porter) went to where her efforts, in the line Of
education, equally slighted. • Of St.
Own the general ; it much to suitsble to emulation. wErrcby they will letter
improve; to a more wovlhy maintenance ctoplovof amity, and mutual which give a happy
influence to a future ad (and I to
upon; but 1 to of writing; doubt you .
therefore, What ••ou% think a little
many branches may spring from a very small •seed. and the work Of •Il that may be it all two
feet, Or under, any man cannot sink far
the mire. What is it some particular gentleman to of Jot first little by Consent Of four Or
gentlemen, and 'he of ten or twenty man, by
farmers of or three who Wit enough to ? am apt to think, th•t If but
these two 'bree little things were
done. the rest follow of courg, to make our country my proposals for the •mprovementof
Cornwall. to bc contentious, and mind
more ood than 'he satts!acGøn of thcit
r•'ivate lusts; when retorm•tion shall be no more a 'he dull be raised
by When fe.•r of God, and love of man,
txcome of men's acting : in a word, When men
be good—Whieh that you may, my dear countrymcn, all be, is of your's,
in all sincere and endearments, nis on many accounts, a ve" curious
manuscript. • Mrs. Porter great merit;
but perhaps. tm high for Others have
prucubrty Mm Lane, whose Truru.vcen is, I believe, yrelerrvd to
of 23,
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LITERARY oy
CORNWALI„ is one of Our late
advertising females.• Not long ago, a school vas opened at by a Miss But after fretting and fuming" for a
little while, the curtain dropped : and the heroine was gone, we knew not whither. The Miss
have been lately soliciting attention to their infant seminary at Redrutb. Their terms for
are the usual terms Of the COuitry, about
twenty-six pounds a year, exclusive Of the expence Of drawing and
French, music and dancing.— But most
Of our Cornish ladies had to thank the Miss Leo.'i/Ji Of Exeter, for their
education, or the Miss of Bristol,
(recommended to Cornwall by Mrs Gwatkin) till a boarding-school, near Lord Clifford's romantic seat at
attracted the general notice.—At this •moment, Mrs. (whosvas a and is the widow Of the late
Rev. Mr. Woolcombe) is em— p:oyed at
AlphingtMiin introducing so many of Our young ladies of Cornwall to the Muses
and the Graces, that her's may be
esteemed a Cornish seminary. For thirintroduction, parents are at the charge, I believe, Of about two hundred
pounds a year. t pntxiptes of
religion. and the prxuce ot vulue. and would na ob;ect to 'heir ood•vine
worship in a tant Object, by the
Of Of St. Austen, who. in addition to
her to .ete.ve and la-dies only, and
to important trust by promotin and their
tendencies; and by instructine• Ibern such blarkheg learning, and
arc future u*fuincss in domestic t t' should Mr. and Mr.. at the
Tueasury.h(Äise, Exeter. Where, in the May or it receive •wo guin«a• each, and hvr gu.ncas
entrance; ap•rtments; ar.du•bete Mr.
With teFa•.ed applications. detacbed hours to
to six only, who, it accessary to an b' opportunity
•t Albburr•n; and M. Rite-rig, In mo.' Of schools do men the Cornish
cr in Of even thC Of O ait have then, my readers an for the
following I. at the new, scene, the Chaste cincture. the langui4h'd the Loves. Zune ; With Subli:ner views O'er the Of t the were, heretofore, point or Were But LOW women Of the most abandoned character. Sec
Madam TaUicn come into the theatre. and Other
beautiful women, laying aside modesty, presenting to the public With
bared la Robison's proof. Of a p.
252. Non non color on comptz mau•ere anhetgm, the 000 unu% Virgil" Sybil to be an
exact portrait Of a female both in dreøand
The femaledvoeate• Of Democracy in this couotrV, though they have had
no Opportunity Of imitating the French
Of yet a in the contemplation |
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LANGUAGE, frantic.
pursue, Philosophy! thy Other
female and mind, and figure, tho' Fashion asd adorn'd by Taste ; sod, harmony Which •rods swcct pursy reclaim the to days,
clouds rziicve Ard mctt in
smiles tbc with'rina frown of the
female Mug, true LITERATVRE, AND •r he store from rev; from the grlsp the roseate hours, and sttcw•d the grave her sophistic flings a TO ch,lse swee; ! thy vernal bloom, Of each joy, to damp glow, with terrors clothe the Of Woe, the pure in oblivion deep, ! restore thy long, whom no decorum checks, champion her man the claim, blush Of Virgin GO, go ('he ye Of melting GO, screen your softness scqumtcr•a the unconscious grove. And feebly perish. as despis•d ve What 'ho' Of frame flatter, glow; the the s•s,»•, Ami the yon Of day ; Etc Jong,
No bv winning fond Nor
roil, Nor the of the • Nor quick nor thz coy nobly boast
Nor more affect Wilh delicacy's fan hide the man; To the bold glory Blend pa
ia pave'S of mina ibe Yet. say. ye Fair man's host, where the ye so voudty boa,t to by the
Corporeal struggles miCd strife?
Where the plum'd of your chosen train,
TO fabricate yuur laws. Sav,
your chief the Oi express the;' abhotrenee 0' royalty. they
(the French thre-. away the character their bit the amputated of murdered countrymen.—l say
this on the authority of a young "ntlc•man Who saw it.—l am to add, that the relation. accompanied With
looks of and disgust. only provoked a
See (d)
Philosophi.m,thctabcimageof philosophy. Seethep•eudoEnea• of Eøeid, 10. b.
invasted Goat the Iliad 15. b. . cava tenucm sine . . . . Dat inania sine 'Onum. . A tree description Of a phantom which
heretofore appeared not in open though it now attempts the loftiest flights in the the sun. taust,
however. to English eye', it is almost lost in black cloud" tu which
it owes its birth, hand ultra latebras iam quarit imago, Sell, subfime volans.. nubi That a enemy to blushes, need not remark.
But many Of my readers, perhaps, to
hear, at Of our boarding-schools for young ladic.. blush incurs a
penalty. wc been nattered into to take and Letters, p. Women accompl.•hed, What the force Of arms could
not effect. Mulicres urbem quam defcndcre non
posscat, precibu• misque
Wollstonecraft seriously laments the neglect of alt muscular exercises
at out female boarding-school'. Out
new "Stem that part or it confounds the distinction Of the a resembiance to the boasted institutions Of
tn Sparta, young wcat abroad Without veils; aud married women could have entertained Very
exalted Idea of the matrimonial connection, since they were otten lent,
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CHAEXCTERS, op
CORNWALL. 85 from reason" vigouf borne, mind's exp.odiog mura ? in every aspiration bold, Yes! untrembling Oho' A mind by g•cnce stor'd) Sag "heroine tbc dome W h.•rc spirit kindled. to illume To earthly sense a world amid the high saw a Sibyl in gaze: To the great artist, from his art, saw transfcrr•d the "bole enraptut•d
heart; Till, soul soul, in airy Enli*hten'd and at every glance, And from the dross of apBtitc T o Philosophy—a maid L —nut hark murmur' melt And plcasurc trembles in each dying A myrtle bower, in fl'rest bloom array'd, ing Venus streams the "leer shade
: fine glow And. b:måing, breathe their deurcs gentle air anther its full sweets, thro• in bliss, the greets And ravishes a name from every flower
; LOV her feet the master*' darts
from her eyes. Yet, While
heart-pulse, ia Pa phian co M L and
licentious •u gloom the gathering
s arch-work Withers O'er their
head' the asunder tear ; falls, the victim O come @
Fly firm—come Listen ! coag away.
above. it i' that Lyeutgtn obliged the young to run, wrestle, throw
quoit', and to naked. as well a. the
men. and dance naked at their solemn feasts and sacrifices, singing
appropriate whilst the young men a Of
Though, at (it WAS the women. in
process of time. converted thoie solemnities into instruments or libertinism;
that they were cemured by ancient
writers for their excessive wantonness. See Plutarch, in his Lives Of
Lycurgus and Nama. W"nea were consideaed
by Lycurgus, as mere Rate-breeders: and such are they coasidered by the
French, at the present hour. It was
declared, by a Declee of the Convention, (June 6th. 1794) that there was
nothing criminal in promiscuous
eommerce uf the sexes. But that abominable farce in the church or Notre Done
(which ig every One'. recollection) an
exhibition truly Spartan. We do not (saidthe high-priest to the populace}
call you to the worship Of a Of the Of
the beautiful Madms. Barbier) Thi'
sacred image shall influence all hearts." And ic did so, NO altar'; 00 more but Vile God Of See p.
252. Mrs. Wollstonecraft used Often to
meet Mr. ruseli at the Of a common where •he charme with his talent', and the tout ensemble,
that hcrsclt to in love With him, Set
Godwin's The vegetable pauion
Of love agreeably seen in the Of the in the males alternately appro.aeh and recede the femal:, in the
Elower Of Nigelta. or Devil in Bush, in which the tan female. bend down to their husbands. But I morning,
surprised to Observe, among Sir Brooke Boothby" colleetion Of at Ashbourn, the manifest
adultery of several females Of the plant Callinsonia, who had bent thcnlse:vcs into contact with the
males Of other flowers Of •ane plant, in vicinity, 01 their own." Botanic Garden, Part the p.
Edit, To smotber in dissipation her
passion for Mrs. W. had to Prance. There •he met With a paramour responsive to her ; a MI. ; bim formed oae
; bciug opioiog, With thöt Love. free a. air, at sight Of ties Spreads his light in a 'Oon left his lady to her gown
imaginations. h abandoned, she returned to London; and. Ari•en to attempted to put end to but She a into eternity. In a •Luk aud tempestuous
night, she repaired to Putney-bridge; where. determined to throw anto she up and down for hour, through the rain,
that her clothes, being thoroughly drenched and Leary, might facilitate her docent into the
water. She then leaped from the top Of the bridge; but fading still a difficulty in sinking, tried to press her
clothe. closely around her. became but At
and brought back See Godwin"
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LITERATVRE, 2. our seminaries for youth, it Vas the
spirit Of • of instruction into
conveyed them from one county to another, suggested a variety of
improve— merits, excited a generous
emulation. o; antiquity, we that
increasing knowlege, that tas:e for literature, which, during the East two cenLurics, contributed to our
comfortsandoyc luxuries. Out, thoughtbelove of from withdraw your Nor deem. that 'o I-fide the
She round their On cach tongue
murmar-s died ! tht•y assay) Their
know nothing of ovconduct, but from the Memoirs of GrÆwin, with
whotwthis y We not by G. they She of child-birth, in A woman broken
through retraint',• wiil com— be tound
'ipe for evcty •peciei0f W had been bred to ch"ich; but from her intimacy with the 'ate Dr. mice, Was
induced, occasionally, to the sectarian worsEGp_ Thus halting cpinioa.," "he at length regarded
both. a• mere preiud•cc• 01 education. and from thb churcb and the And, accordingly, for the
last ten years or Lee lite, she frequented no place of public now far a woman Of principles was qualified
superintcn] thceducat on of young l"lies. a poinv at all.
which I leave, to be discussed and determined by Of fashion and
gallantry—intimating only. tbat Mrs. W.
a governess of the daughter Lord ViscountKingsborougb.—Hcr eontemphte
with horror. When we con•idcr tint, at
the time of Oe.perate acv, ihe mother. deertin< her poor helples. Of the bands nature snap o/ in heart, without the profe.sioa oi but, that
thig woman was neither a not amahoanetan. nor even a gudie;cntly evident front the triumphant
report Of Godwin. Godwin. then her bnsband, boasts, during her (which continued ten days; nut a "ord
of a religious gendeney Eps.—l cannot but think. tha' the hand Of providence is visible, in
her life, her death, and in the themselves. As she given up to her heart's and let to follow her own that
the •01 doctrines, the effects oi an.
ineligiou• conduct, might be manifested to the worn; and as died a
death that marked the distinct."un of the pointing out the destiny of women, aod the
disuses to which they are her hvsbmnd was
in writing her Memoirs, to under a temporary that every might be
without a fact without apology. Mare may justly be esteemed. as a
character, in all points diametrieany opposite to Mrs. excepting, indeed. her and literary
attainments, To the great natural endowments of MO. W. Mi•' Mete
h". added the learnh'g of ladeane
Grey, tv-ithout the pei'antry, the christian graces Mrs. Rowe, the Sacred Dramas." her and her Thoughts
on the Mannegs of the Great," wili
thusi»m_ Her Percy be read,a'
long as sensibility and good taste shall exist among From her Essays I make
an estract 0t will throw light on the
subject beforeus. Talking of the distinction Of the Women," says MigA
Mute, have e.eral.y quicker
preception'i men have jutter sentiments. Women consider how things be
prettily •aid; men, ow they may be
properly to shine or to •hat i'
brilliant; men, What issolid. Women prefer a spatkling effusion of fancy to
the most laborious invotiFAti0'i •a Of
facts. tn literary are pleased With antithesis; men, with observaaon and a
just of • effects from their
causes.—ln romance and novel-writing, the women Can not be excel'ed. •I •o
rather to or im tract indirectly, by
short inferences drawn from A of circumstanrts, Once nessof sort Of and oaeof the
auaracteristic•of the 'etna!e genius. In short. it appears that the
naiad, each •ex, has some natural kind
of bias. which constitutes a distinction of character; and 'hat Ok both, in great preservation this distinction."
pp, • It a ere•t revolution that
rollowed the Of Constantinople in When the
to car a:oryt them [he ancient writers. 'hrs count'y•; and a spitit OJ Qv.gation p rovencm.
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CIIARACTF.RS, OF 87
learning was mote and more ihlbibed, its easy communication vas rather
desired than attained. The classics be-cn
introduced into the country : but the general circulation of them in MS, was scarce!y practicabje amidst all the
labour Of the monasteries. To the art of prim•ing, then, it Vas natural to resort. The Saxon school, as
instituted in the abbey of •ravistock, bath been already described : in the same abbey, the
establishment Of a prcff must bC
noticed, as a farther proof Of the learning Of the and their
liberality in diffusing it. Among the
books that issued from t:iis press. was Waltcn'r translation of" Æ• and the Of the Tynner?s, charter."
bishop Gibson mentions a Saxon
grammar," as having been printed here about the time of the civil
Wars. Between these books And others
of consequence from the Cornish or Devonshire presses, there is a VaR chasm. I confess, I am myse f little acqaainted
With the progress Of printing in these western counties but once heard a gentleman Of curious
literature" assert, that nothing Of importance vas ever in Brice a printer, at Tr:tr', in is
proved by the title to a little
voluaneof Poems, by Nicholas James." It appears, from a sketch of his
life, (in a note below) that he begun
a Weekly Newspaper in 1715, and continued it various forms to the time Of death." This
includes his residence at Truro.—-But his abode in In printed, in quarto, The Of Comfort,
called. in lhc cod of the b...'k it is
thus " llcre encicth of in Sr me
le D. MD,XXV. LangdSn.•• We noticing 'he ryght "t'"hypfu
it m be inferred. in those days. no •o
a or Cornish 90 able write his own namz.
Langdon h 'Ehcr Oi He the
yet to public cyc a blush. (hero.
Says, If, then, at this juncture, not to be
w" vx:rv In tru.h, our had arrived •t no degree Of in the roen Of
V Ill. Can the a mode Of the Of excite some in of m to faxe spelling so
lave the Of under the Of Chi. Chester,
Basset. and G,fford. The in TO M
miorof the Towne nt Bide-ford. the" :
for lhe better Of the Ma!ieia Of Countye: Itt was fig by att general' meetingc. •nut should bee prouyded
in •he North dyvy•.on of i. are in hi'
Majesties name hereby to prouyde the
for the use of Sir John Cbvcbestrrs his Scrvwcc. undcrc our bands 'be dayc Of
John : Chichester ArlKar : Powder
Matrhes Itt intendea that you
to prouyde the ammonycon Charges: but may
to be you up ail t leaves, |
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LANGUAGE, AND Cornwall was one motive for coming Lither,
vas collect information for his grand
Gazetteer. Of Truro, and other towns, he was certainly not Obliged to others
for the report. He was, however, more
satirical than just. Quaint and caustic, he possessed the dis. position to censure ; but had no genuine
wit, no acuteness, no extent of observation. He Vas tempted to indulge his ill-nature, admiring
his own fancied Elicities in expressing it.
Against Truro he turned up naaum And our red turnep and othcr devilish odd pyes," were more
gratifying to the taste of the satirist, than the pa%re of tLe cpicure.t We have had, since Brice, a
sumcicnt number of printers in Truro and Falmouth, • At Truro. the Old gothic edifice Brice)
wants a fro it still? the little thing,
Which conta•as a single bcil, 'atilcr a igcon.hut thana church tower
or And ough good [we •re now Of yet ad
that the tbcre •o hang dangling on ah crd
by very long iron crooks. down to one's so that versonS Who come to
buy, have a difficulty '0 escave With their
vesture unsmecred With gre'•se and blood. he country wenches in the
market. holding their b.nkcu Of geese,
poultry, butler. beik•re 'hem. like a Of arms to be rcviewcd. have Winc and brandy here, (and that, not too
often'stlnkirl o/ the Custom-hour, as I have heard it but •t lost w'bcn Was Sr.;nnc months here,
an to the guts as gust. and that ia
sone houses, and on some times,
btcwc•å one day, guzzled down the if not, mote than •n •he afternoon Of
the same day. •r hey 'hen herc a of
turncps, and a somewhat Carrots ; and these having ban boiled, crowded the pot, cabbage, 'he One
could, by the hue. hardly cither Oi the
Whco up to rattle. I also (the fault being in eves) mistook the
dough-walls a real apple-we for a real
earthen—pan, thought a to been Fase, and have bar-riled • Christmas
mincc.pye. sccmcd somewhat like
unburna limestone, for hardness and for asFCt, I also heard of a
chicken-rye, mad' good, as with
However, here arc very good provtsinns Of ail sorts, (saving calves here,
bong right or nine days age, an
Eastern taste scarce approve the veal} and these, in thc houses Of 'Ort, oj a. elegantly served other whercs; and
the entry motcovcr, famed (and to be
politeness and truth, Vet' many berc
livc v.) , so Very genteel", • Of
opprobnous among Grand p. 3 t requisite education to for
adisscntingtcacher. hc h.d a What
Other reason I know nut, he W", by his instructors. (as he himself
iniOmed we) dee a printer 'han a ;
husincssof a Linter to all Otheu, on accountof h" ski21 dextcntv
in head and figured . in box printers;
and for the causc Of Which they thought Itiibht be nntcrso much to it. and so of defending it.
apprenticed with onc a J on. death,
the expiration of his term, he to 10 for
in that slue"; but his friends disliking Ibe tootalsof generality
of the l'fir'ters there, by one of
profes»on, at home, should bc corrupted by of the metropolis; •t "t.nn:g man, duo he alteßsa'ds
pvofesszd f to be when grown Upon this, after li•tlc an assistant to printer, one Bishop, he sat
up a printing himsclf in that ; hr •boat the 'eat begun a I.Vcckiy Ncw.p.IF•r, which he fotms
•bout filly-eight years, Oi has de-uh.
in this party ran high, he bccaanc e,nttgonutof Mr.' Farley, tbc of
another New'. paper, who mere favoured
by the but no match for learning and who also
c»eful in imitaGng Else•vir•. till it became fashionable 'o morC
careless in such Cot• Or to havc Of
correcting. HC also, for little time, pres.' as Truro, in TO his he zee ked a on some n her subject,
to up among others ho begun in
alphabetical was, after publishing numbers supposed and d'A0nti',ucd;
being with some indecent rcmarks ort
Of h" under the name Of Which he
continued till it made up a small folio volume. He valued himself on his
atta•nrt'.entto the ia mat.no.• wlut
Lhcx is koowu so mug not p.cgcnd to guess—procul, O Daring he once u a but freed and rett*Oed
to muter. |
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LITERARY CHARACTERS,
or CORNWALL. 89 and Other to•ns. But a printer of
ingenuity, has been always a bird of passage. To print hand-bills, and catalogues Of household
furniture, (the employment of Cormsh printers i must certainly be degrading to those are skilled
in typography. But, Mr. a native of
Helford, in the parish of Manaccan, and at present a at Tr:oc, has hitherto
maintained his Station On this side Of
the Tamar, With a by a thousand He has,
doubtless, talents and activity. After the experience Of many years in
the first Of Bath, Edinburgh, attend him in common With h" ; in J •merry story, gained facetious
and fl"tery, 10 ridicule absent, 'horn
he bad ibttctca wh.n this In alius.on
to this fuetioug of hi', be sometimes distinguisb'ed himself in his p.ilxrs.
Of Mtrry. and he to act in that On a
mountcbu•k'• St*ge, his either to the
w" Or to ascend heights of : however. he attempted 'hi' a planet had forad him— ; my, he tell' us himself, in hi'
Valediction to his that beside. a itch
ungainful aud in the title-page 01 the same pamphlet, h.mself a Moral for may granted, but hu boog •pt. on
so•nc occ.siorvs, to let it loose te.t
of •ah•ch as mece But though ridicule mav be a and so may, have it. his verses,
destitute •moothness and few
public•uon of separate from his news paper. t if miu•kc not) a Poem Fred'"' ; an
Cant", short coahncmcnt •n prison
neglect the stamp—duties. His Ma-ha}, a!nve-meutioned, written in by
pro- ceding' at election mayor of
Exeter, in but he rcocrvcd upward' Of years after, in it in
Democritus Was that therein mentioned or to; but the subject
being a hanhoes•. and obscurity frequent in the year he off • against the essavs, and, pc•h'i", fue•kivc pn•Crs
In prose, hc also a Carr—to. the from
he it: he in 1765, MS. b" own which
Catalogue uf the of tins scc, ms' published •n 1584, and transcribed
into Chomicle. and Gmlwin•s ht.
encipa: most valuable work whith he
Eve years. to p. bc and tn ina
'hick volume: a WO'k whLCh furn"hcd for 'hor on "Light be spred. In thri oi
h", on the it he a Of the Of
yet by Es.e.:r, Buhopof I am a«ured.
was but he O" OWO the Of it ftce his Own; thus, were a sn te o/ his oddly transposed. freed from that
hic own throughout the work v •ev d
tto:n the from other intctl'uxed with tbc.n. he odaly enough the: •o a bowl Of punch; bat that wc tm)
meet •std' Who have of in and (So he
Of W ha pub if al", Eh-sides in t
; he and 10 Other Oi this Sort for his
whose Stevi. low cumpan•o.'", but disguised ilke he them Of the or bowl, anti receiving
from the and them the means Of catoing
thew not hcrc meant to further into
his cur being chicily to consider a mater and an author; the Of the
Of (hc lodges Exeter. h" was, '0 his an on the Of ibe same
month. and |
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LITL'V,ATL'RE, and in Ilels:on i announcing it as
Stan. nary-press, in 179S. printed and
Grecian in-a style Of elegance the
prirters (jealous as are or such exertions in tile country) could not but admire. And there,
also, he printed seseral pamphlets; the pro-.!uct of, what has been called, the COtvtrOVersy.
great a edition o: the Bible, with
Annotations, under the direction of a Clergym.n cf the Church Of
England," by whom, I presume, he
meant the writer Of the present EistGry. In ISCO, Mr r. removed from Helgton to where, erecting his
printing-press in the library-roota of the rectory— house, he still pursued the sacred work I
should have in tbirtietli number, the
lost uf the Helston, and his thirty first, the first of Falmouth numbers, he
put-dished an Intrcvluction to his
Bible, from the of Mr. WHITAKER ; thus flinging a radiance around him, as departed fro:n the one town and entered
the othe;•.• the was, there, sus- as
the greater part Of the purchase•,••, fishermen, miners, and pended for a considerable time, labourers in husbandry, and tradesmen, had,
from the enormous price the necessaries Of life, been deprived of the power of taking up and
paying for their numbers. • On a reduction in the price Of provisions, the work vas resumed.
Yet interruptions again happcncdi and it is not, even now, completed. In the mean time, same
enterprising that planned the Corn-
wall Bible," was busy in projecting a weekly paper, under the
name of Tile Cornwall Gazette, and
Falmouth Packet:' And in 1801, Mr. Flindell informed the Cornish public, that
besides all the ordinary resources of
public intelligence, he had establisl•ed a regular correspondence with
the West-India Islands, Lisbon, and
America; so that, by means Of the packets Stationed at F:d— mouth, lie should frequently exceed even
the London prints, in priority of intelligence from those quarters. For locat and domestic
affairs, he had a correspondent (he • said} in every mgrket and sea-port town in Cornwall, and
in most Of the principal towns and ports in tm: king- dom•, by should obtain a regular return Of
the prices Of every article Of provision and
trade, the arrival and sailing Of ves•cls at the ports, and all
iuiCLesting occurrences. He o to riles
or the old r.xm•r printer; the
his he took al' to a at his
: Who, to their (Or mob anti the a h•.mn in a return'd to
Mr. in a nom the and agree •m
d, . in it, is an hOnC•urt0ihc
g', |
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CHARACTERS, oe the advar•.tnges Of a as a vehicle for
advertisements, evident to every Of
this notices would not only to every
town of extens:vc populous county,
'Plymouth Dock—to Exeter, Bath, Bristol—to Of the coffee-houses in
Londön, the kiagdo.li in general. The
Cornwall Gazette," accordingly, fluttered Of every Saturday but, from various cross
accidents, which I have neither leisure
nor inclination to detail, it suddenly dropped and disappeared. In the mean
tine, Mr. engaged in printing the
first and second vokttnes Of the I listorr Of Cornwall. TO business the idea, he had failed in the
grand object his wishes, was to have a
weight continually hanging upon his spiriis,. Mr. r. the:cFore.
determined to make one bold effort
more; From-Falmouth, he removed, with his and a numerous family,• to Truro. And in Truro, he cante out witlva
newspaper again, entitled The Royal Cornwall
Gazette, and or General Advertiser the Western Counties, to be
published at on Saturday, July, IS03,
and every following Saturday, and circul:.ted through every the county on the same day."• The
Su:ces$ is seldom proportioned to the merit of a publica
• paper to best part 0' the that accompanied the number, "e rcpriu•.e-d. Every Of England pecunar Visitation
courts—the Of members oi it' and
volunteer the its of the various
blanchci oi pubiic revenue. Bat to the oi which With almost to Of an-I the collection of tilt revenues of the
dutchy. Nut does counties in the diversity of
arid in Of in Of Of Society copper give cireulatio.• to an
capita', and •ub'i«ence Of her btu
form no inconsiderable branch of torcign commerce. tu staple of "Itmberof variety to the various Wants
of few of a be a in,ritution; when it that the present
modesof increase eae or more every
other county Of England.—Eut it may be • that
nempaper of her yet and are circulated here; Shct!sorne ha, the Advert'"'ments of this years past.
an.' therefore continue to do 'till." But It be the derniad for western the yc.gr» the to it. demand •till paper the
Yet naturally that sink their proper alto a mete Of first
an•t report of as are interesting to the hic, or Vet and every and action should still be Cornwall.
fu"•.• faiti•ruily report record the proceeding' •t our . and awl thence to our fish and the and oi 'hipping At onr port', point, every
occurren.e be in particular be any way
"eceritte'. o: which do p.•pcr
p:inted the ever did Of do every |
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92 LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, AND publication. But ifan accurate statement Of
public affairs, with occasional comments discovering an attachment tothe King and the British
Constitution—if a faithful and entertaining report of the oc— currences Of the district, an archness of
remark, without pet•sonality, and modest panegyric, as called forth by accident, with no Obtrusion Of
flattery, or impertinence of praise—if these be qualities to acc eotance, and it stream Of the advertising Of the
necessarily into it. and make work
complete. Such woe our cru {KWO yean ago; we attempted at Faitnouth ; and
thougb, •n tbe execunon, wc fell of
our We htd the fairest when the feuds of the
the infant The srnpp'ge Of thit pap•r Of regret to many of the
charac•ers Cornwall; and second
resolved upon. *cond attempt, however. every been to avd the and 't 'be immediate Of of Sherif. Magürraft•J, and Gentlemen of review Of which h•vc our to give to 'he
county Oi Cornw.ll a voxe of hove
confined ourselves to the cold Of only. We have forborne to to honest p. ide wh'ch every mind the
institutions of own Yet, at a moment
and when Of Ench•.hmcn is once more roused to re the of •hat
inGtuated of fortune guilt, Who fain
the tacnure his inhmy by t only free govevnment in Ilk? wc might be for appealing 'o the
characteristic patriotism Of Cornishmen.
•r he who, naked, repulsed 0t that who his eountry—who
afterwards. the Saxons h'/i subjugated
England, their last stand oa the frontiers of Cornwall, and.
urE0nqueted, their in oi the Cromwell,
that *cond Crsar,and type Of Bonaparte, still truc the sword for expit"tg honou•, and
Order —the of live in that rxpans'vc
of gt•numc which alive to the mild institution and of Jut our wen: in the Vant Of faithful
recorders. of the" brighte>t
.•ank in ; and we indebted to their enel"ies for those that oi ourdavs no: be In Ihc war that has iust
wat to whetbct Of France. or bravely
cut the knot that binds the half Of as
it br our to •a'•tchover and record the of countrymen. by the vo•cc of icaon by many of most wc
unite our Cause to that Oi oar and
with Ybe Lord Danger, though giant to him that fears; is • The Sherbornc and Exeter are mentioned in
this address: but we have here the of
whirh to be gran' Jab'. Flom a letter which received from Mr. F. (long
after had Ins little la your Old
Gentleman' you have a note, Sr, that hi
above) I sentence or two:
complimentary to the It companion of Childhood ; and its Supp!cment,
the Fob.bly, the of to ghe light the
Of yonr muse. hyvc latcly much in this
and Of now in Cornwall. no teput,'ble one, where •ny paper the wept Of tyros then have agt• to with
pleasure On pa".— th:v m:ry the
Gazette the to say, •i science t!ic hurt•.hlt.- of vct he to the and 'Jcrcd Of country—to s'
fear God, and honour smile. ST, at and
anticipate object. coinpbcency.
King"' Of the of Of
coun•y, wh'le bc reads. yet passes mine in
silence ; eqx•cialiy in prison a martyr to my to a pjper in it a Of its
it. b' an county, Yet, within months •fecr,the noble men. (Lords (Sir W. Ipmotl, co'. the Mr. Mr. the declared it be Oil that a be in W•lh as of and 'he rcpt.•d to the nf such am-I it were if by time did not
feel me pinch 'hem. Tbev do feel me.
tea from Sherborite Truro, wht•'e I circulate hut:dtcd and number to Falmouth, wiv•rc send or to
11<1ston, art: Pinter. bookseller. and •utioner t• Royal
the Duke of informed us, that Exeter
or and at his shop in CYCry had
been |
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MTERARY CHARACTERS,
op CORNWALL. 93 acceptance, Mr. paper, I think, will
deserve it. • Of otherCornish printers Or booksellers. I cannot detain my readers, even by recounting
the names. Where genius or talents are discover- able, I shall always direct my attention i
nor regard the clamours Of dullness that would accuse • a Mr. Of Thomas pride," says Mr. to tx 'old. indelued •he or E a policy toyevent, dur•ng• moment Of
the Of fane by And the is
entitled by by Christopher Barker,
punter, woe -h were from time that
pro-kmnd W"hed, ei'her to or to
wetc probably first printed in 1 $88, When the approached the Spani,h ships had b:en by a of and the
Extraordinary very T itc Mcrcgtie, No,
51, which on Mor,d.y. 24th. I i88, 'he
sv:nrn the which had Armada, I •hi' Of
the burd the Spmish fleet. We may that
such were designed b,' pnntvn.g, to
the Of people, to to their wc •l inventor w," who, I.ying h" for in
i' to the Vere ia E of the
Paris in Fiance. And of the a: an
00 a a Vol. p. a one ; 'ins soon ie*owrd under the oi Cho' L•• James the cofre•houses Of the
votes •Week; the teJgnof Lur,don
a Sloan. MSS. No. 4106. The first Which is prerrved inthiß collection,
is NO. Roman. not in the like London
Of prey-nt day. JO payr there arc d.•rd irorn
on the 03dof Undet di:e Of 26th, there is the folloq•irg Yesterday the ambassador. by Sir hud her whom
dehvcred letter from master ; mos: of
resolution to to her interest', and
tolboseuf protestant it may not tu take notice of a •S].c and Of this young pence (he twenty-two! to the
hrs court, an the hr cvet the
Signiard•, the ot to Uf Khe mole of
Of it fro:n the history." ( The of been ; as the Spain along '0 duc '0 Of 'be vest.
time, these generally in gentleman,
tract Oi country. used tu procure a Q' I had, by Thither to rad ag 'o a In daysof shuguvg up Of |
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94 LITERATURE, AND me Of prolixity. As the printers Of sermons
by Gregor and Cardew, Harry and Trevnin•g, Of
Truro, should be noticed, and as the printer of a tract or two of
Drew, Henna", of St. Austel.
Whilst printing, early as it commenced among us, was prosecuted with
so little success; it could not be
expected to Supply us with very numerous books and, in furnishing a library
in Cornwall, there were dimculties
from the remoteness Of our situation. Yet there, doubtless, existed many valuable libraries in this
county, before Sir at Werington.• From
Mr. literary character, we may be assured, that the books at were wen selected.—t Sir Harry Trelawney, (the to
the duke Of Marlborough) was a man Of
taste and learning. I have noticed him as fond Of planting t at
Duded-rd. He also possessed library Of
the best authon and the best library, at Nannvb;den, was the only one in the county. which, not to notice,
would be deemed an unpardonable omission.
About} sixty years ago, Mr. Hoblyn, an adventurer in the mines, Vas
acquiring rich&s from that every
that. in there was onr Other parrs; in
that, numbct newspaFts sold in England, to of tbrec year' preced'ng, 7,411.747; that, at
the of 'he late rc n in 1760, It Was that, in '790, 14.c3$.6.29; in was and in Was Whis a
phcoomcnon Of "d Of enquiry
awake, as been in any Other part Of
World. • Sur St. Martin's,
Exeter, after he had served his Of Of
fix* , as governor Of the iort and isiand Of Piytnouth, as one 01 the
representatives of Plymouth in Parliament. and Secretary Of Starr Charles ll. reored to
his own county, and the remainder Of days in
at There hc built an excellent libtary, in which were reposited most
valuable b(Ä.ks that be had of
collccting. El'hus, in reading and thc last ycusof his honmrable life.
Sec NO. 376. pp. 475, 475• f I have just finished my (says Mole to
Musgrave) (Nov. and am preparing to stCKk it as fast as the and i. p 4 The MSS. for the volume on agriculture,
plantationsi arc (likcthc MSS. many •volume') an arrangcd, and for the prcSSi but, probably, bc S to built about the 1749, at which time
the eaqtern Wing to the Old thcn by
the late Rolyrr Hoblyn, Esq. at that time member for the cityof Bristol ; but
a proposal having been bv to nominxe
the late Admiral and Mr. Hoblvn to succeed to the representation Of the County of at the clcct•on ensuing, a Mr. H.
induced to pull the old and to add a regular
• and wing, correspondent to the first boa mg, Which madr one regular
wbde. The buement-vory Was b'hlt
gnrtite the upp:r patt With a slate, or killas, which is in large
masse' On the sea; and tbc whole lined
buck; windows. and ballustrades, were Of the Ionic order. potter was the architect employed in
erecting the building, the Of which to have fiftcen thousand ponds, •rid as much more; the
chimney-pieces were remalkably elegant, being chiefly of Slatuary and thcwulpturc finished 'n Italy.
Nanswhydrn is the only building in Cornwall taken Of in the British tegud to the library, the the
dimensions Of the largest room
approyiated for the purpose, were thirty.s.x long, by rw•ruy-louv broad, and
sixtccn high; but Mr. H. h.)d u in •
contemplation, just ho death. to extend this room making it as large
and bad actual: his materials fot the
there Of the ant, of the books. Mr. HY.
stdem•rv min, delighted much in the amusement Which the occupation Of
reading and bu•lding ahoråed him. ara
was to indul e taste, without being controlled by the exFB.e: he
therefore dixumcnts to the either.
were not couErrd to any particular language or science, but as general
and They both died before time d
election. |
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LITERARY CHARACTERS,
op CORNWALI„ 95 source, which, as they were incidental,
were consequently unexpected : and, already possest of an ample fortune, he determined to sacrifice
his subterranean treasures on the shrine of taste and public spirit. With a magnificence Of mind,
therefore, worthy Of Cornish ancestors, he pro— jected and built a truly Vitruvian edifice;
Of which the library was not the least distinguished part. In the execution Of so grand a
design, he promised himself a gratification which he lived not to enj0F—to entertain the county in the
style Of old hospitality, and to attract literary men, whether'neighboursor strangers, to
Nanswhyden. But he died, before he had an opportunity of displaying, what Cornwall hatb seldom seen
united in One person, the country-gentleman and the patron Of literature.• That the fabric
itself, early as its master Was taken from us, would remain a lasting
a as and, believe, •a-ere pretty equally distributed into the two gt*tul
and moral hi!osophy•. 'Ivcre Were a
number of volumes coll.•ctcd whilst on ms A c.va'ogucof 'he library from a in h" own hand-writing,
and books winch wcre noi the With ooc
death, when Chnnccl'or of the
O&ford, for the presumed five
hLJ"drrd on a Very liberal plan. and were sl.odia•n• iibrary for Dr. and authors, and the nets•hbouting
clergy, availed • Copy Of the epitaph
on Mr. monument sc. in' Esq. Jane of
LL.B. He only Inthas County acted many
in and H' ched t 7th, aged O Re.ukr! if mildness •ad d•gmty in
manrrr•, generosity Of sincerity in friendship; if universal and unaffected pier,' met it regard. lament
thy la this 10 etccccd monument. As a Scholar, He "'flected honour on the Of Studies in the University, Woe da•ected to the great etui Of his
mind. most useful knowledge, extensive and solid. In Divinity. in Histoly. in
Philosophy, In anucnt and Hi' sound cornyebcn'ive And elegant ta•te. Of scholar. in every
his held ptie.cip!cs on iramt•d;
Of its and Commerce. WJth abl
unwearied in this popular
eloquence, But judgment; And the tc«ived light applause. authon•y•
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L,tj LSNGVAGE, LITERATCRE, a lasting monument" Of his genius, Was
surely no presumptuous expectation. But the fabric.itscli is no more seen. • In 1746 was published, a
cata'ogue of a curious collection of books in most parts Of literature; consisting Of about
three thousand volumes; Collected from the libraries Of the rev. Mr. Of Cantelford, the rev. and the
rev. Mr. There are, at this hour, good
collections Of books at Trelouarre•ø, Trevartbenic, Pad.rtnv— and other seats : but, from their
parliamentary duty, and other avocations, gentlemen resid— ing a few mouths only in the country, have
Of late years very little improved their provincial book-room,f They had lately, however, an
opportunity Of making great and valuable additions to He obtrodcd opinion the public; It was sought in private, ernbvuced Wilb
reason. Ana followed AS a Stannator. He asserted the rights, and moderated the
council. With resolution, and
consummate And the mark Of honour
conferra uWn accurate edition Of the
Snonary Laws. sufficiency he actca in
the Commission Of This In the many good effects Of his attention, moderation, and
wisdom: His amusements wetc useful, as
well arts of Agriculture •ad
.•lrcbvecture: Of his skill in be hath
left lasting At was cxamplc Of virtoe•. truly
primitive: Hospitality, ad•pted to his
mind and fortune, Not less remarkable
the Than the liberality Of tab!e: Hi' Fnend.bip w. immovahlc: Morals unsullied. his Goodness Faith truly Christian, Without Vanity, partiality, Thai Of Re;ieion, Which. residing in his heart. governed hi'
whole life, Visibly Under the wc•ght of an oppressive lin disease.
And shining forth in in last
Madc his to immortality, A
coaspcuous Of triumph. • The dreadful
fire broke at midnight, the day Of November. unfortunately thc ancient records thcrc, togcthcr •l
rccords were kept in three lcxkers in the
Vhich formerly containcå the and notor,eof 'hem preserved. Other
valuabie palXß, a large containing
letters which passed, and 'he other documents relating to Stannary
Convocauon, or Parliament Of over
which Hoblyn as of assembly. • These would have been curious and court. T,hc prestnt Mr. to lament, the of
his whole in and In Dcvonshire 'here are a few private
libraries noticing: that at not the largest. but it is the in Devon, for classical and literatfie. Sir
at "laldon•hou«•, thin b}' books,
{to whish are aaaually made) anx |
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ct1ARhCTr.r.S,
OF 97
their libraries, at the sale Of Mr. George $ books, at Penryn, in
1807. Among Mr. George's books,
Boydell's Shakspeare stands foremost in point of the paintinps, the portrait Of John Opie, by himself; (the
first portrait Of himself that (.)pie ever attempted, and a strong likeness.) Of George's Cornish minerals,
most were very fine and in high preservation,
and many scarce ; particularly some specimens Of copper—ore, pyrites,
and wood-tin* Of libraries, there
should seem to three descriptions—such as are attached to churches, colleges, orschools—such as are opened by
booksellers, stationers, and others, generally under the name Of circulating libraries-—and such as
are the property Of clubs, or literary societies. It were a Waste of time, to enumerate those Of the
first class. The little indeed, at Truro
school, contains Some scarce and valuable books. Every young gentleman
whose school—education has been
completed at Truro, usually presents a book to the library* Our circulating
libraries, under the conduct Of
stationers, are almost annihilated I think, in Cornwall, Very little re— garded i from the circumstance Of so many being
instituted in our different towns.5
Our bring us into the library of the third class tkcugh, indeed, we
have few Il reading— rooms, and the
books, after having been in circulation far a year, are generally distributed
by lot, 'Ony MSS. which wholly Of the
latter arc part Of Chmpplc's the library, by Sir Lawrence Falk. Attached to
the library • cabinet Of tbc Dr. Of
the in St. Gold in about hundred Of
Vere by penneck. Among the the Of on
iti an Of •bout five inches ; an the
is the Of by Of and to as a for dos
cav•c to 'hat library vas said Of
Which Were works. to lhc ; together
coloured uf m•veliatrous •n •ho
reduced ; une twelve genes. in S by
Various p:rsonS, never evavcd from; •bout thousand six undred and illustrative Of scenes, passages,
characters, historical oi com- and of
making in a of nor iour thousand to
"Justra:e the Oi c:oUecouti Of thing to from period to thr yr•r which Of '200 mounted on
Whatn•an's to up With the •Or prepucd
fot With the i" i' : and cdmoqof
wheu bound, al least voiumcs I
venture to the Of otbedva% and Others Of at Exctcr, but in unavailing •egret. in Exeter : former, a is On: Of the ia England. established, in the town Of a reading
vyiety; members though Of different
proic"loas, arc to Wilb hauvony, in |
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98 LANGCAGE, LITERATURE, AND or sold by auction to the subscribers. In
almost every good neighbourhood, there are the gentle— men's and ladies' book-clubs : and the
Roseland, or the Powder-club, composed of ladies and gentle- men indiscriminately, is a most respectable
society. None but publications of the first order, are circulated in Roseland. Once a year, the
members of the Powder-club, (Of which the rev. Jer. Tristis the perpetual president) have
a meeting at Tregony; and at this anniversary dinner the town is more than usually illuminated
by the splendour Of carriages without, and the feast Of reason, and the flow Of within. Such elegance
and refined enjoyment we cannot help
contrasting with the too frequent Scenes Of uproar, profaneness, and
vulgarity—But What reflects the
highest honour on Cornwall, and places its liberality (if I may so express
myself) in the fairest light, is Library
and Literary This institution distinguishes, in our annals, the year 1792, The Metal Company
Committee-room, adjoining to the house of John Vivian,
• meeting for purpo«• Of Ibis :
At Of for a for natural or of
its •t Icsolved. subscription bc
immediately Oi.rned ior tbc parroscs, and that no Sum than entrance, and guinea be received. a commiuce of — annually, to conduct and
m•nagc the purposes Of institution, in the
Of Whom all subscribers have a VOtc, chosen Of the less tbao two two
ail the books, other properly be-longing to library, shall voted in Of
parliament of , in Of , for the the mo.t central and advan•ageous
"tuation in to establish such irstitution. a meeting he•ici Company Committcc in
Truro, on Thursday the *5th day of in Older
to arrange and digest regulauons for most effectually into execution
above plan. at ail tr. •trend. received at Banks, in following sums were
immediale:y William Lemon {ice
Basset Entrance. 10 o
10 0 Annual. On 15th Oi October were circulated, in
printed the Glowing observations : It
[rom •n She' borne that a mcet•ng has been latc!v Of some rocon•siderof a horary, museum. and A at:d for same at Truro, on Thund..y
twentyffth Of this month. The idea to
intercourse. io hanre. her present in
Italy, Germany. hardly a at,v the of 'he or and their No: need WC be it
Jequire nntnV a b,• of horn small oi
this have volumes. lovv• "f and
inv-cei that do it is •.01'0»»•.
library oi County Cornwall be of
Euro'* and wd! be its the |
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Of Were C' in
the •l'h:• Of b/ thr abté •i tvroæphy. Of they in to bi•okq, they The T hoe subsetpqon, •rd the
of whose at the two Of the
libr•ry. As the library co be On has
sub- and we Of equailing oi any in a
Vro shovt a a year. d.i!y abro»d, ail 'he and every CVerv•
h" own or to and among Or is for Of which attrnd As one of its Objects is to
illustrate the Of it, the of the•r IR and in a li t, and the poof' of 'heir Of their in former sprcad Of names, and
serve 10 the and 'me the breasts Of
their •r he of in the muxum. the rich
Of nature. and Of our mines. and being
more accessible, and more numerous and valuable privJte collection. may sugeest
to the ass-•ycr fu"bcr in on the
sucCcss of which the prosi*tity Of county uvucb j'rhe monthly Of the committee, sod the
general annual Onc Of allthe Wilt direct the attention to immediately or the pap"' •that
•nårcad, Vill and and Of One io hoping. that not only grrt!cmrn and
who reside near the library. at Which
not and Of may the glory Oi the Oi
Cornwall resolutions Of October —At a
of •t the late the Mc:al Company"
was resolved, That the at meeting Of
the last be that part Of Which to .nvegmcnt
of the p.'twty, of iibrary. shall
vested in Of the Shire, Lord Falmouth,
Sr John St. Auhya, Ba•sctt, Sir Hawkins, trustees (With Knights of the the above the of the and all relating shall under the
Of subscribers who con- two guineas
and two guineas aneuai,iy; and who meet the first time on Thutsday, th
Novemtxr Continue Co 'la: •rhursday 'n
every month. at lweive o•clxk, and that three Of be a an annual meeting Of the be held the last
Thursday in August, at meeting in
up. intention Of to form public
Of valuable books to Which recourse
tim.•i br h'd, and to the history and of the crwnty. but, a: the
discretion of committee, to every
month such new and reviews, as ap•Fäf likely to promc*c the ends
informa— and •musetnt•nt; of
purch.•sc. bc by the amount Of subscripnorys that come in. a. w to bc in i'brary for one month, to
by and then be among under regulations
be beteafter, from to by the
comtmttee. book' hom time to time sent
out, rclucned in. That a salary of ten
annum ailowed petsoaso the
c"rmade by Mr. Of the the Mctal Company's •t and the bc accepted for such 'hail hcrcaitet
agreed by the committee— That the furniture
in the at a for the use of That
subsctipüons continue to received at the Cornish, aod Banks, Truro, tbe squetcd 'o 'ums cub"tibcd, |
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100 Sir Lemon,
Sir Christopher Gregor,
Esq. Ohn Price. Esq. ev. W'. J. Temple, Basset,
Mr. George, Lord Viscount Falmoutb, Rev. . Vivian, n St. Aubvn, R. Gwatkin, 'E,q. Rev. H. H.
F,nys, Esq. LANGVAGE,
LITERATURE, AND 10 3
3 10 2
5 e 2
0 0 o
0 0 0
0 0 3
3 3 g
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 Mr. oats, Phihp Esq.
Esq. C. EA. S. Pellew,
85 5 u
2 2 0
o 0 0
0 O C.34 13
2 3 e C.
55 0
o 0 In a correqxjndenee With Sir on the With
the letter from Mr. Temple, the Of
Life Of Gray. With by letter to C.
•bat you approve Of Of establishing a county beg to trouble you its you different or to you, though absent, be
asqslin• nest meeting in puuing the on
a You is. a mote co.rprhenstve and pal ticular has yet
to be at sittings. could vou subjects lor their I you Will excuse
the take in 09 [ins subject, but as
you approvcd design, I not be to BVC
your in promoting it. I am, Sir, Wilh ggcat respect for your learning and
talents, yaw most otxdicnt servant, W.
J. T Estrt.r. S. am that your great
Volk respecting Devonsl"re i' in such forwardness. much entcrtatnmrnt tom it ; and that the Cornwall
day have for county. and to Committee
and 'be December, a' Truro. Thi. institution seems to bc general
approvcyl. Upwards of two bundred pounds have been already subscribed.
The more nature Of it is known, t e
mort: it is to receive views of thor mo•c
in promoting it, to be, not ouly the found;ng Of a library Of books,
and modern, to tiw• Of the fund, and
Oi new publicauons both at home -at,d abroxl. Which the subscribers may send
fot to read, wherever thry but al,0
museum, or of 'he minetals. fossals, ores, and production: Of the county. Wc have to that the pvatl Will
comprehend whatever is curious Ot interesting
duchy Of Cornwall ; history, Of 'be*
Persons at a may Oijcrt to plan. and allege. that the bocks would be
Of little but intercourse of c«.lnty,
and various modo souveyance by Of [his
vcvy and, in li hr surely this 's no season to and ove'look 'be convenience, and and only private,
indßiduaf Certain higher views, and they
grattfy •he o:he.s. They 'nay find it necessary to have recourse to
the lib'"" , Of to selves.
but of to enable o•bvrs to 'rad ard impovc by them. •l his ought be refc'cotc to 'he we:e aqueducts, for the Of the prop:e. be by no d, urea mode»of
poi" y, Flhaps some I-. to ftw
1»• to touc temper 01 the desirous to nest ih•.• Of the the their of 'he pc'usal 01 and for the a; aud
Tile public in •re, lhercfure. requested to 10 a may
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LITERARY CIIARACTERS,
OF corswnr.r.. 101 Vivian, Esq. in Pydar-strcet, was chosen
for the purpose: it is in length thirty-rcnr fret an half by sixteen, and fifteen and an half in
height. With the large sum before the
of that year, many valuable books were purchased. And, from the
continued accessions to the to from the library, in and the cr.•dlt oh the du•hy. t. at Oi'e guinea at and one guinea to the liliratv, j bf the Shvre, the Sur S'. Sur •rd S" 3, By a e JOY a' t' to be of the such to o'
are to meet the oi to arc
'o h' oi cou'.ty. tt:tt or the
an:' ere 'O oi former by a
VIC"' of ihr books to povzr Of in
•n lit-racy Or at great the the
'o bc by 'O of Or of the at •awh
'l h': the one deg 'he 'o be
'he of 'he Week VOp'iuc!, .01 after
remaining* in the for convenienee Of
the of to Lina:v who d,' v asked, who
would 'hen a v o. w hen 1k w book With
m, according to tin•ir . J
towns, and in the be delivered to 01 tic i" Of bc libratv. 'he send a • of appnvcd days Of the
the a.'iå leave end Every. |
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J 02 LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, AND tbe library, we now possess about three
thousand volumcs. The annual subscriptions are more than one hundred guineas i and they are
every year increased by new subscribers. Such being tbe flourishing state Of the library, may I
presume to remind the patrons Of tile institution, pf an idea,
have and a at time. the have
at 15 a bl,'nk leaf of library clerk
write if the at y time On and the "f 'he sending them from in a the note time of of the and • judge as u ht•n 'Gemberof ; and Wi,h Of the •vr voiu:ne•., 'o When any book first ror bat no 'he year Of bc to it been back •rd in the library week requited. any the person it Ply it, Or it by in
gr•cd but if the Ora: Set, it the
a iot the order to a h Othtrs get lO•.e the o' place London, Oi be ; but in a coo'", a 1K' good and uf of of cvcn beucr vola:nc 'La 'o one vene precaution might used or Whuh left to The *ISO guarded by tiic of backwards and to the whom has it to 'O the that Las the and it to the accountable for
it to the Am its the the h:
of nun". the &J0ksøf and c«ab'nhcd reparation, pub. by which Come out in the Of be in
Voodoo time ta•quested to the uuub!e
to examine and Older 'he 22. (o of
fossils, of CountV shan be retueste-d
to it in or to gratis, Lhe uluable of
each. 23. The ort'. tn methodically
arranged, according '0 and varieties,
in fur touc dacir names, and Whcrc
, of tin the most 23. *'Ed 01
to be received. That relating to
mit,es 10 day and mints come a from
a That Of be requested to horour the
institution name and the late W 'li;am
Bonar, if to be obtah•ctå. Collection.
are in Of Mr. Laurence, of
book, historv, anti'iuitn., .ud biogtaphy, of Cornwall,and suchochets
may assist 'he to be be adopted 10 monumental the of and all remains antiquity, noticed hy late
arid the to in a matte' Oi such public
concern. W. it is in the of this it
mav bc rxCesvry and manuscripts tc•rning.
public 33. |
Sumbolau:
a A / æ Æ / e E / ɛ Ɛ /
i I / o O / u U / w W / y Y /
MACRON: ā Ā / ǣ Ǣ /
ē Ē / ɛ̄ Ɛ̄ / ī Ī /
ō Ō / ū Ū / w̄ W̄ / ȳ Ȳ /
MACRON + ACEN DDYRCHAFEDIG:
Ā̀ ā̀ , Ḗ ḗ, Ī́
ī́ , Ṓ ṓ ,
Ū́ ū́, (w), Ȳ́ ȳ́
MACRON + ACEN DDISGYNEDIG: Ǟ ǟ , Ḕ ḕ, Ī̀
ī̀, Ṑ ṑ, Ū̀
ū̀, (w), Ȳ̀ ȳ̀
MACRON ISOD: A̱ a̱ ,
E̱ e̱ ,
I̱ i̱ ,
O̱ o̱, U̱ u̱, (w), Y̱ y̱
BREF: ă Ă / ĕ Ĕ / ĭ Ĭ / ŏ Ŏ / ŭ Ŭ
/ B5236: 
B5237: 
BREF GWRTHDRO ISOD: i̯, u̯
CROMFACHAU: ⟨ ⟩ deiamwnt
ˡ ɑ ɑˑ aˑ a:
/ æ æ: / e eˑe: / ɛ ɛ: / ɪ iˑ i:
/ ɔ oˑ o:
/ ʊ uˑ u:
/ ə / ʌ /
ẅ Ẅ / ẃ Ẃ / ẁ Ẁ / ŵ Ŵ /
ŷ Ŷ / ỳ Ỳ / ý Ý / ɥ
ˡ ð ɬ ŋ ʃ ʧ θ ʒ ʤ /
aɪ ɔɪ əɪ uɪ ɪʊ aʊ ɛʊ əʊ / £
ә ʌ ẃ
ă ĕ ĭ ŏ ŭ ẅ ẃ ẁ Ẁ ŵ
ŷ ỳ Ỳ
Hungarumlaut: A̋ a̋
U+1EA0 Ạ
U+1EA1 ạ
U+1EB8 Ẹ U+1EB9 ẹ
U+1ECA Ị U+1ECB ị
U+1ECC Ọ U+1EED ọ
U+1EE4 Ụ U+1EE5 ụ
U+1E88 Ẉ U+1E89 ẉ
U+1EF4 Ỵ U+1EF5 ỵ
g
yn 
aith δ δ £
wikipedia, scriptsource. org
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ǣ
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HWN: www.[] kimkat.org []/amryw/1_testunau/testunau-saesneg_295_polwhele_1806_language-of-cornwall_rhan-1_3425k.htm
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Ffynhonnell: archive.org
Adolygiad diweddaraf: 14-01-2020
Delweddau:
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