2012-06-17 annwyl + soft mutation
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ANNWYL
annwyl = dear
f’annwyl = my dear (fy +
annwyl)
The adjective is placed before the noun when used as a salutation in
letters, as in English and other languages.
It causes soft mutation (c-g, p-b,
t-d; g-ZERO, b-f, d-dd; m-f, ll-l, rh-r)
The initial consonant of proper names (Catrin, Gwilym = Catherine, William)
is not soft-mutated.
Rarely, soft mutation does not occur before certain common nouns, or is
optional..
Translate into Welsh:
1 Marged (= Margaret) Dear Margaret
_______________
2 golygydd (= editor) Dear Editor _______________
3 cyfaill (= friend) Dear Friend _______________
4 Syr (= Sir) Dear Sir
_______________
5 Madam (= Madam) Dear Madam _______________
6 brawd (= brother) my dear brother _______________
7 Siôn (= John) Dear John _______________
8 Glyn (man’s name) Dear Glyn _______________
9 Boneddigion (= Sirs) Dear Sirs _______________
10 Mrs Jones Dear Mrs Jones
_______________
11 Mr Evans Dear Mr Evans _______________
12 Miss Roberts Dear Miss Roberts _______________
13 chwaer (= sister) my dear sister _______________
14 bonwr (= mister) Dear Mr Morgan _______________
15 pawb (= all, everyone) Dear All _______________
16 boneddiges (= mrs) Dear Mrs Rhys _______________
17 mab (= son) my dear son _______________
18 rheolwr (= manager; bank manager, shop manager, etc) Dear Manager
_______________
19 rhieni (= parents) Dear Parents _______________
20 Bonwr / Boneddiges (= Sir / Madam) Dear Sir / Madam _______________
21 ffrindiau (= friends) Dear Friends _______________
22 cyfeillion (= friends) Dear Friends _______________
23 gweinidog (= minister) Dear Minister _______________
24 prifathrawes (= headmistress) Dear Headmistress _______________
25 Ioan )= John) Dear John _______________
26 gynghorydd (= councillor) Dear Councillor _______________
27 mam (= mother) my dear Mother _______________
28 Dr Williams Dear Dr Williams
_______________
29 merch (= daughter) my dear daughter _______________
30 mam-gu (= grandmother) Dear Grandma _______________
31 tad-cu (= grandfather) Dear Grandad _______________
32 taid (= grandfather) Dear Grandad _______________
33 cadeirydd (= chairman) Dear Chairman _______________
34 llywydd (= president) Dear President
_______________
35 modryb (= aunt) Dear Aunt _______________
36 cefnder (= [male] cousin) my dear cousin _______________
37 cyfnither (= [female] cousin) my dear cousin _______________
38 aelod (= member) Dear Member _______________
39 cyd-ddisgyblion (= fellow pupils) Dear Fellow Pupils _______________
40 cwsmer (= customer) Dear Customer
_______________
ANSWERS
1 Marged (= Margaret) Dear Margaret Annwyl Marged (no mutation)
2 golygydd (= editor) Dear Editor Annwyl Olygydd
3 cyfaill (= friend) Dear Friend Annwyl Gyfaill
4 Syr (= Sir) Dear Sir Annwyl Syr (non-mutable initial consonant)
5 Madam (= Madam) Dear Madam Annwyl Fadam (or Annwyl Madam)
6 brawd (= brother) my dear brother f’annwyl frawd
7 Siôn (= John) Dear John Annwyl Siôn (non-mutable initial
consonant)
8 Glyn (man’s name) Dear Glyn Annwyl Glyn (no mutation)
9 Boneddigion (= Sirs) Dear Sirs Annwyl Foneddigion
10 Mrs Jones Dear Mrs Jones Annwyl Mrs Jones (no mutation)
11 Mr Evans Dear Mr Evans Annwyl Mr Evans (no mutation)
12 Miss Roberts Dear Miss Roberts Annwyl Miss Roberts
13 chwaer (= sister) my dear sister Annwyl chwaer (non-mutable
initial consonant)
14 bonwr (= mister) Dear Mr Morgan Annwyl Fonwr Morgan
15 pawb (= all, everyone) Dear All Annwyl Bawb
16 boneddiges (= mrs) Dear Mrs Rhys Annwyl Foneddiges Rhys
17 mab (= son) my dear son f’annwyl fab
18 rheolwr (= manager; bank manager, shop manager, etc) Dear Manager
Annwyl Reolwr
19 rhieni (= parents) Dear Parents Annwyl Rieni
20 Bonwr / Boneddiges (= Sir / Madam) Dear Sir / Madam
Annwyl Fonwr / Foneddiges
21 ffrindiau (= friends) Dear Friends Annwyl Ffrindiau (non-mutable
initial consonant)
22 cyfeillion (= friends) Dear Friends Annwyl Gyfeillion
23 gweinidog (= minister) Dear Minister Annwyl Weinidog
24 prifathrawes (= headmistress) Dear Headmistress Annwyl Brifathrawes
25 Ioan (= John) Dear John Annwyl Ioan (non-mutable initial
consonant)
26 gynghorydd (= councillor) Dear Councillor Annwyl Gynghorydd
27 mam (= mother) my dear Mother Annwyl Mam (no mutation - it has
the status of a proper name)
28 Dr Williams Dear Dr Williams Annwyl Dr Williams (no mutation
of the title)
29 merch (= daughter) my dear daughter f’annwyl ferch
30 mam-gu (= grandmother) Dear Grandma Annwyl Fam-gu (Annwyl Mam-gu)
(usually without soft mutation, as it has the status of a proper name)
31 tad-cu (= grandfather) Dear Grandad Annwyl Dad-cu (Annwyl Tad-cu)
(usually without soft mutation, as it has the status of a proper name)
32 taid (= grandfather) Dear Grandad Annwyl Daid (Annwyl Taid)
(usually without soft mutation, as it has the status of a proper name)
33 cadeirydd (= chairman) Dear Chairman Annwyl Gadeirydd
34 llywydd (= president) Dear President Annwyl Lywydd
35 modryb (= aunt) Dear Aunt Annwyl Fodryb Siân (Annwyl Modryb Siân)
(usually without soft mutation, as it has the status of a proper name)
36 cefnder (= [male] cousin) my dear cousin f’annwyl gefnder
37 cyfnither (= [female] cousin) my dear cousin f’annwyl gyfnither
38 aelod (= member) Dear Member Annwyl Aelod (non-mutable initial
consonant)
39 cyd-ddisgyblion (= fellow pupils) Dear Fellow Pupils Annwyl
Gyd-ddisgyblion
40 cwsmer (= customer) Dear Customer Annwyl Gwsmer
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http: www.kimkat.org/amryw/gwefan_newyddbethau_1_1203k.htm
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