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Gwefan Cymru-Catalonia Requests and imperatives: |
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1273e “An Elementary Welsh Grammar” by John Morris-Jones
(1864-1929), professor of Welsh at Coleg y Brifysgol (University College),
Bangor. Published in 1921 (when he was aged 56 / 57). “This
grammar deals with Modern Literary Welsh only. It follows the lines of my Welsh
Grammar Historical and Compararive, 1913, so far as that treats of the modern
language; but the matter has been largely re-written, and is in some respects
more detailed.”
Welsh Course
Requests and imperatives:
How to say 'will you...', (or 'would you...')
gwnei = (base form) you will do.
gwnewch = (base form) you will do (plural; or non-inimate singular).
Question form - a wnei? a wnewch?
In the spoken form the interrogative particle is dropped, and a pronoun tag is
added
wnei di?
wnewch chi?
Also with the loss of the 'w' - written as
nei di? newch
chi?
The verb which follows has soft mutation of the initial (footnote 1)
···
USES:
(1) Polite request - used in asking a favour.
Wnei di roi benthÿg dy ben imi am eiliad bach?
Will you lend me your pen a moment?
Wnewch chi roi'r llÿthr ’ma iddo?
Will you give him this latter?
···
(2) Quasi-imperatives (will you..., will you just...)
- rather than asking, you are telling somebody to do something. Often with a
tone of exasperation
Wnei di gau dy geg am dy fam o hÿd? - Will you stop going on about your
mother? Will you just shut up about your mother? ("Will you close your
mouth about your mother constantly?")
···
(3) Imperative with a tag
This is identical to the English construction.
Cau dy geg, wnei di?
Shut up, will you? ("close your mouth, will you?")
gad lonÿdd i fi, wnei di?
Leave me alone, will you? ("leave tranquility to me, will
you?")
TRANSLATE THESE:
01 Rho fe ar y bwrdd, wnei di?
02 Gad dy lap, wnei di?
03 Cau'r drws, wnei di?
04 Agor y ffenest’, wnei di?
05 Siarad yn uwch , wnei di?
06 Brysia, wnei di?
07 Darllen e ’to , wnei di?
08 Cer i nôl e, wnei di?
09 Aros, wnei di?
10 Bÿdd yn dawel, wnei di?
···
ANSWERS:
01 Rho fe ar y bwrdd, wnei di? - Put it on the table, will you?
02 Gad dy lap, wnei di? - (South Wales) Stop your babbling, will you? (to
someone who is talking too much, talking nonsense)
03 Cau'r drws, wnei di? - Close the door, will you?
04 Agor y ffenest’, wnei di? - Open the window, will you?
05 Siarad yn uwch , wnei di? - Speak up, will you?
06 Brysia, wnei di? - Hurry up, will you?
07 Darllen e ’to , wnei di? - Read it again, will you?
08 Cer i nôl e, wnei di? - Go and get it, will you?
09 Aros, wnei di? - Wait, will you?
10 Bÿdd yn dawel, wnei di? - Be quiet, will you?
Requests and imperatives
How to say 'will somebody...' (or 'would somebody..')
gwna = (base form) he / she / it will do
Question form - a wna?
The spoken form has the ending -iff
gwnaiff > a wnaiff > wnaiff
wnaiff rhÿwun - will somebody?
Used in appealing to somebody in a group of people
without specifying exactly who, in addressing an order to a group and waiting
for one of the group to respond
Wnaiff rhÿwun egluro i fi?
Will somebody explain to me?
Some
examples from Welsh novels:
Rwan, Beca, 'nghariad i, gafael di'n siansi Huw bach, wnei di, 'nghariad i?
Now, Beca, my love, get hold of little Huw's jumper, will you, my love?
t65 Teisennau Berffo T Parry Jones ??1957
Lem, mae eisiau dwÿ gadair arall o'r parlwr - nage, tair. Cyrhaedda nhw, wnei di?
Lem, we need two more chairs from the parlour / living room - no, three. Go and
get them, will you?
Hen Wlad fy Nhadau Jack Jones (Welsh translation by Kitchener Davies)
1938 t72
'Darllen o, Jên Elin, wnei di?' ac yr oedd rhÿw chwerthin buddugoliaethus yn
llais heriol Sali
'Read it, Jên Elin, will you?' and there was a note of crowing laughter in
Sali's defiant voice
t66 Teisennau Berffo T Parry Jones ??1957
(Footnote 1) following the rule that there is soft
mutation after inflected forms (or inflected forms + noun / noun group /
pronoun)
gwelodd - saw, llwÿnog = fox
gwelodd lwÿnog
- (he / she) saw a fox
gwelodd Mair lwÿnog
- Mair saw a fox
gwelodd y postmon lwÿnog, gwelodd y postmon newÿdd lwÿnog - the postman saw a fox, the new postman
saw a fox
gwelodd e / hi lwÿnog
- he / she saw a fox
·····
Adolygiadau diweddaraf: 20 01 2000
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