0916e Gwefan Cymru-
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1273e “An Elementary Welsh Grammar” by John Morris-Jones (1864-1929),
professor of Welsh at Coleg y Brifysgol (University College), Bangor. Published
in 1921 (when he was aged 56 / 57). “This grammar deals
with Modern Literary Welsh only. It follows the lines of my Welsh Grammar
Historical and Compararive, 1913, so far as that treats of the modern language;
but the matter has been largely re-written, and is in
BOD - TO BE
a) negative
The negative form is nid wÿf
|
nid wÿf |
I
am not |
|
nid ydÿm / nid ÿm |
we
are not |
|
|
|
|
nid wÿt |
you
are not |
|
nid ydÿch / nid ÿch |
you
are not |
|
|
|
|
nid ydÿw / nid ÿw |
he / she / it is not |
|
nid ydÿnt / nid ÿnt |
they
are not |
The forms without yd- are more
usual in Southern Welsh
These may be followed by the
pronoun tag
nid wÿf i
nid ydÿm ni / nid ÿm ni
nid wÿt ti
nid ydÿch chwi / nid ÿch chwi
nid ydÿw ef / nid ÿw ef
nid ydÿw hi / nid ÿw hi
nid ydÿnt hwÿ / nid ÿnt hwÿ
The spoken forms are slightly
different. In general,
(1) the pronoun tag is used (and
sometimes the spoken form s different - as with chwi, ef and hwÿ);
(2) nid is reduced to d-,
which is attached to the verb
(3) ddim is used to
indicate the negative
|
dw i ddim |
I
am not |
|
dÿn ni ddim |
we
are not |
|
|
|
|
dwÿt ti ddim |
you
are not |
|
dÿch chi ddim |
you
are not |
|
|
|
|
dÿw e ddim |
he
/ it is not |
|
dÿw hi ddim |
she
/ it is not |
|
dÿn nhw ddim |
they
are not |
In the South, where this form of
the negative is in use (in some areas of the south-west a different form of
negative has developed), in one common variant is the initial d disappears; and
in very colloquial forms the verb itself drops away, leaving only the pronoun
tag -
|
w i ddim |
I
am not |
|
ÿn ni ddim, ni ddim |
we
are not |
|
|
|
|
wÿt ti ddim, ÿ ti ddim, ti ddim |
you
are not |
|
ÿch chi ddim, chi ddim |
you
are not |
|
|
|
|
dÿw e ddim |
he
/ it is not |
|
dÿw hi ddim |
she
/ it is not |
|
ÿn nhw ddim |
they
are not |
Dÿw hynnÿ ddim yn iawn - that's not right
Dÿw hÿn erioed wedi digwÿdd o'r
blaen - that's never happened
before
O ie, dw i ddim wedi gweud wrthoch
chi - Oh yes, I didn't tell you
Adolygiadau
diweddaraf / Latest update: 20 01 2000
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